Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound?guided transversus abdominis plane block after general anesthesia induction on cyclic stress and postoperative analgesia in patients treated with abdominal surgery. Methods Sixty patients scheduled for elective abdominal surgery were divided into 2 groups with 30 cases in each. All were treated with ultrasound?guided transversus abdominis plane block after general anesthesia induction, and 30 cases in observation group received ropivacaine ,while those in control group saline. Anesthesia maintained by propofol combined with remifentanil during surgery ,and postoperative analgesia by sufentanil. The effect of anesthesia and operation were compared. Results Compared with control group,observation group needed less time for analepsia (P < 0.05) ,and there were lower blood pressure and heart rate at 2 min after skin incision and immediately after surgery (P < 0.05). Less propofol and remifentanil were needed in surgery and less sufentanil after surgery in observation group (P < 0.05). The VAS pain score was lower 1 h,4 h,8 h and 12 h after surgery (P < 0.05) ,and there were less times for pressing analgesic pump (P < 0.05). Patients in observation group had higher comfort degree after surgery (P<0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound?guided transversus abdominis plane block after general anesthesia induction is helpful to reduce intraoperative anesthesia used for anesthesia maintenance , and can improve patients′comfort after surgery.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of arsenic trioixide (As2O3) and its main side effects.Method As2O3 was administered intravenously at the dose of 10 mg per day for the treatment of 8 relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients. The arsenic content was measured by Gas-phase chromotography. Results The plasma maximal concentration (Cpmax) was 0.94±0.37 mg/L (±s), time to peak concentration (Tp) was 4 hours, plasma distribution half-time (t1/2α) and elimination half-time (t1/2β) were 0.89±0.29 hours and 12.13±3.31 hours, respectively. Apparent distribution volume (Vc) was 3.83±0.45 L, system clearance (CLs) was 1.43±0.17 L/h, and area under curve (AUC) was 7.25±0.97 mg*h/L. The continuous administration of As2O3 did not alter its pharmacokinetic behaviors. During As2O3 treatment, 24-hour arsenic content in urine accounted for 1%-8% of the dialy dose (10 mg). When arsenic accumulation in hair and nail increased continuously, the peak concentration could be five to seven-fold higher than that of pre-treatment. Importantly, arsenic contents in both urine and hair or nail declined gradually after drug withdrawal. No bone marrow suppression or severe organ-impairment was found.Conclusion As2O3 is a relatively safe and effective remedy in the treatment of patients with relapsed APL, in spite of certain degree of arsenic accumulation in some tissues.

To investigate the leukemogenic potential of PML-RARalpha fusion protein in vivo, hCG-PML-RARalpha transgene was constructed using molecular cloning technique and hCG-PML-RARalpha transgenic mice were generated. The genotype and phenotype of hCG-PML-RARalpha transgenic mice were analyzed by PCR, RT-PCR, morphology of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells, and pathological examination of spleen, liver and bone marrow. As a result, acute promyelocytic leukemia was developed in 3 hCG-PML-RARalpha transgenic mice in 1 - 5 months. The results demonstrated that PML-RARalpha fusion protein plays a crucial role in leukemogenesis.

OBJECTIVETo report on prenatal diagnosis and follow up of two patients with paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 (pUPD6).

METHODSFetal cells were subjected to in situ culturing and G-banded chromosomal analysis. DNA samples of the fetuses and their parents were also analyzed with single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP array).

RESULTSBoth fetuses had a normal male karyotype. SNP array analysis showed both have carried pUPD6.

CONCLUSIONpUPD6 can lead to transient neonatal diabetes mellitus type 1. Homozygous status of recessive mutations, disorder of gene imprinting, and its influence on placental function are the main factors to be considered during prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for pUPD6.

Objective:To study the clinical value of blood neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of late-onset sepsis in very/extremely low birth weight infants (VLBWI/ELBWI).Method:From January 2017 to December 2019, VLBWI/ELBWI older than 3 days admitted to NICU of our hospital were prospectively enrolled in the study. The infants were assigned into suspected-sepsis group and non-infection (control) group according to their clinical symptoms and laboratory indicators. In the suspected-sepsis group, complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and blood culture were examined on the 1st day of disease onset and blood NGAL was examined on the 1st day of disease onset, 3rd day of treatment and 2nd week of treatment. In the control group, blood NGAL was examined at the time of enrollment. The suspected-sepsis group was later assigned into sepsis group and non-sepsis infection group and the sepsis group was further assigned into mild sepsis group and severe sepsis group according to the severity of the disease. Blood NGAL levels between the sepsis group and the non-sepsis infection group on the 1st day of onset and the control group were compared. The dynamic changes of NGAL in the sepsis group and the non-sepsis infection group at different time points were compared and analyzed. ROC curve of NGAL level on the first day of onset predicting sepsis was drawn.Result:(1) On the 1st day of disease, the sepsis group (n=106) had higher level of NGAL compared with non-sepsis infection group (n=121) and the control group (n=84). Non-sepsis infection group had significantly higher level of NGAL compared with the control group ( P<0.05). (2) A gradual decrease of NGAL was found in both sepsis and non-sepsis infection group. Significantly higher level of NGAL in sepsis group was found comparing with non-sepsis infection group at different time points ( P<0.05). (3) For blood culture positive and negative patients in the sepsis group, no statistically significant differences existed in NGAL,CRP, PCT levels on the 1st day of disease onset ( P>0.05).(4) The NGAL level in the severe sepsis group was significantly higher than the mild sepsis group on the 1st day of disease onset ( P<0.05). However,CRP and PCT showed no differences between the two groups. (5) On the 1st day of disease onset, to establish the diagnosis of sepsis, the area under the ROC curve of NGAL level was 0.852. The sensitivity and specificity of cut-off value 205.25 ng/ml were 84.0% and 66.9%, respectively. Conclusion:The serum NGAL level is elevated in VLBWI/ELBWI with late-onset sepsis. The more severe the sepsis,the more elevated the NGAL level. NGAL has certain predictive value for late onset sepsis in VLBWI/ELBWI.

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in early December 2019, 81 174 confirmed cases and 3242 deaths have been reported in China as of March 19, 2020. The Chinese people and government have contributed huge efforts to combat this disease, resulting in significant improvement of the situation, with 58 new cases (34 were imported cases) and 11 new deaths reported on March 19, 2020. However, as of March 19, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to develop in 167 countries/territories outside of China, and 128 665 confirmed cases and 5536 deaths have been reported, with 16 498 new cases and 817 new deaths occurring in last 24 hours. Therefore, the world should work together to fight against this pandemic. Here, we review the recent advances in COVID-19, including the insights in the virus, the responses of the host cells, the cytokine release syndrome, and the therapeutic approaches to inhibit the virus and alleviate the cytokine storm. By sharing knowledge and deepening our understanding of the virus and the disease pathogenesis, we believe that the community can efficiently develop effective vaccines and drugs, and the mankind will eventually win this battle against this pandemic.
Betacoronavirus ; China ; epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; therapy

Humans ; COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology*

The current standard of care in hematological malignancies has brought considerable clinical benefits to patients. However, important bottlenecks still limit optimal achievements following a current medical practice. The genetic complexity of the diseases and the heterogeneity of tumor clones cause difficulty in ensuring long-term efficacy of conventional treatments for most hematological disorders. Consequently, new treatment strategies are necessary to improve clinical outcomes. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) immunotherapy opens a new path for targeted therapy of hematological malignancies. In this review, through a representative case study, we summarize the current experience of CAR T-cell therapy, the management of common side effects, the causative mechanisms of therapy resistance, and new strategies to improve the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy.
Hematologic Neoplasms/therapy* ; Humans ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects* ; Neoplasms ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ; T-Lymphocytes

The ongoing pandemic of Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by a newly discovered β Coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). How long the adaptive immunity triggered by SARS-CoV-2 can last is of critical clinical relevance in assessing the probability of second infection and efficacy of vaccination. Here we examined, using ELISA, the IgG antibodies in serum specimens collected from 17 COVID-19 patients at 6-7 months after diagnosis and the results were compared to those from cases investigated 2 weeks to 2 months post-infection. All samples were positive for IgGs against the S- and N-proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Notably, 14 samples available at 6-7 months post-infection all showed significant neutralizing activities in a pseudovirus assay, with no difference in blocking the cell-entry of the 614D and 614G variants of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, in 10 blood samples from cases at 6-7 months post-infection used for memory T-cell tests, we found that interferon γ-producing CD4
Adaptive Immunity/physiology* ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood* ; COVID-19/immunology* ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology* ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology* ; Time Factors ; Viral Proteins/immunology*

The Ly-6 and uPAR (LU) domain-containing proteins represent a large family of cell-surface markers. In particular, mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1 is a widely used marker for various stem cells; however, its human ortholog is missing. In this study, based on a systematic survey and comparative genomic study of mouse and human LU domain-containing proteins, we identified a previously unannotated human gene encoding the candidate ortholog of mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1. This gene, hereby named LY6A, reversely overlaps with a lncRNA gene in the majority of exonic sequences. We found that LY6A is aberrantly expressed in pituitary tumors, but not in normal pituitary tissues, and may contribute to tumorigenesis. Similar to mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1, human LY6A is also upregulated by interferon, suggesting a conserved transcriptional regulatory mechanism between humans and mice. We cloned the full-length LY6A cDNA, whose encoded protein sequence, domain architecture, and exon-intron structures are all well conserved with mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1. Ectopic expression of the LY6A protein in cells demonstrates that it acts the same as mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1 in their processing and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring to the cell membrane. Collectively, these studies unveil a novel human gene encoding a candidate biomarker and provide an interesting model gene for studying gene regulatory and evolutionary mechanisms.
Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics* ; Pituitary Neoplasms/genetics* ; Biomarkers