Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture plus thunder-fire moxibustion on the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in cartilage of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rats, and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture plus thunder-fire moxibustion in the treatment of KOA. Methods:Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model group and an acupuncture-moxibustion group by random digits table, 10 rats in each group. Rats in the model group and the acupuncture-moxibustion group were injected with papain in the right posterior knee joint to prepare the models. The levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in rat synovium of each group were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after 2 weeks of treatment. The level of TGF-β1 was determined by Motic B5 Micro-camera system. Results:The levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in the cartilage of the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (allP<0.01); the levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in the acupuncture-moxibustion group were lower than those in the model group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in the acupuncture-moxibustion group were higher than those in the blank control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The level of TGF-β1 in cartilage tissues of the model group was significantly lower than that in the blank control group (P<0.01); the level of TGF-β1 in the acupuncture-moxibustion group was higher than that in the model group (P<0.05), but it was lower than that in the blank control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture plus thunder-fire moxibustion can effectively recover the abnormal expressions of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in KOA model rats and somewhat up-regulate TGF-β1, which may be one of its mechanisms of acupuncture plus thunder-fire for KOA.

Osteoclasts and osteoblasts are not exist alone,while communicating with each other through direct contact, diffusible paracrine factors and cell-bone matrix interaction. Co-culture system of osteoblast with osteoclast,including direct co-culture and indirect co-culture. It should be according to the ratio of osteoclasts and osteoblasts under the pathology, choosing the same species. Compared with lonely culture of osteoblasts or osteoclasts,co-culture system is much closer to the microenvironment in vivo. It benefits to explain the interactions between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, exploring molecular communication in bone diseases. It was mainly used to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of herbal and western medicine in bone remodeling. Some osteoporosis drugs (such as epimedium,sanchi, fructus psoraleae, ranelate strontium) not only promoted osteoblastic bone formation, but also inhibited osteoclastic bone resorption in the system,so as to balance bone homeostasis. At the same time,it has been used to study medical physics and assess biomedical materials in recent years. Considerably,the co-cultrue system will be used to study the subchondral bone remodeling and its pharmacological mechanism of herbal and western medicine in osteoarthritis.
Animals ; Bone Remodeling ; Cell Communication ; Coculture Techniques ; Humans ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Osteoclasts ; cytology

The combination therapy with daclatasvir and asunaprevir can achieve a high sustained viral response rate against hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1, but so far this regimen has not been reported in the treatment of Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 1b. Here we report a case of CHC genotype 1b in a 44-year-old female chinese patient who was treated with this regimen for 24 weeks. The patient showed sustained viral response after the treatment and was clinically cured. During the treatment, the patient experienced a transient elevation of serum total bilirubin accompanied by lowered hemoglobin fluctuating between 100 and 110 g/L.
Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Imidazoles ; therapeutic use ; Isoquinolines ; therapeutic use ; Sulfonamides ; therapeutic use

italic>Artemisia argyi (A. argyi) is a Chinese herbal medicine in China. The main active components are volatile oils, flavonoids, and other compounds, which have various pharmacological activities. Methoxylated flavonoids are the main active ingredients in A. argyi. Flavonoid O-methyltransferase (FOMT) is a key enzyme in the O-methylation of flavonoids. In order to further understand the function and characteristics of FOMT proteins, this paper carried out the whole genome mining and identification of FOMT genes in A. argyi and performed phylogenetic, chromosomal localization, gene sequence characterization, subcellular localization prediction, protein structure, gene structure analysis, and expression pattern analysis. The results showed that a total of 83 FOMT genes were identified in the genome of A. argyi. The phylogenetic tree shows that FOMT genes are divided into two subgroups, CCoAOMT (caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase) subfamily (32 genes) and COMT (caffeic acid O-methyltransferase) subfamily (51 genes). Gene sequence analysis showed that the number of amino acids encoded by FOMT was 70-734 aa, the molecular weight was 25 296.55-34 241.3 Da, and the isoelectric point was 4.51-9.99. Compared with 32 members of the CCoAOMT subfamily, nearly 1/3 of the 51 members of the COMT subfamily were hydrophobic proteins and 2/3 were hydrophilic proteins. Subcellular localization prediction showed that more than 80% of CCoAOMT subfamily members were located in the cytoplasm, and 96% of COMT subfamily members were located in the chloroplast. COMT subfamily members have more motifs than CCoAOMT subfamily members. The N-terminal motifs of COMT subfamily proteins are relatively variable, while the C-terminal motifs are relatively conserved. Expression pattern analysis showed that CCoAOMT subfamily members were mainly expressed in roots, while COMT members were mainly expressed in leaves. Some FOMTs showed the tissue expression specificity by real-time quantitative PCR analysis, especially in leaves. In this study, we identified and analyzed the FOMT gene family in A. argyi, and provided a theoretical basis for further research on the function of FOMTs and the biosynthesis of methylated flavonoids in A. argyi.

Objective: To investigate the effect of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) inhibiting follicular helper T cells (Tfh cells). Methods: The contents of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), IL-10, TGF-β and IL-21 in MSC culture supernatant were detected by ELISA; The peripheral blood of healthy volunteers were collected, and lymphocyte in peripheral blood was separated by human lymphocyte separation solution; Co-cultures of MSC and lymphocyte were performed by Transwell chamber, and the proportion of CD4(+)CXCR5(+) Tfh cells and their subtypes were detected by flow cytometry. Results: ①The concentrations of IL-10, TGF-β, and IDO in the supernatant of BDNF group (BDNF-stimulated MSC) were higher than those of the control ones (adding PBS with the same volume) [IL-10: (42.1±4.4) ng/ml vs (19.3±2.1) ng/ml, t=4.761, P=0.009; TGF-β: (13.9±1.7) ng/ml vs (5.3±0.6) ng/ml, t=5.129, P=0.008; IDO: (441.3±56.9) ng/ml vs (226.7±37.6) ng/ml, t=3.130, P=0.035]; ②The comparisons between BDNF (co-culture of lymphocyte and BDNF-stimulated MSC) and MSC groups (co-culture of lymphocyte and MSC) were detailed as of follows: the proportion of CD4(+) CXCR5(+)Tfh cells were lower [(3.37±0.21)% vs (6.51±0.27)%, t=9.353, P<0.001], the proportion of CD4(+) CXCR5(+)CXCR3(+) CCR6(-) Tfh cells were higher [(41.14±2.04)% vs (26.72±2.57)%, t=4.383, P=0.012], CD4(+)CXCR5(+)CXCR3(-)CCR6(-) Tfh2 cells and CD4(+)CXCR5(+)CXCR3(-)CCR6(+) Tfh17 cells were lower [Tfh2: (30.16±5.38)% vs (43.26±4.11)%, t=4.426, P=0.012; Tfh17: (15.61±1.52)% vs (22.32±0.72)%, t=4.202, P=0.014], the proportion of CD4(+)CXCR5(+)Foxp3(+) Tfr cells were higher [(4.95±0.22)% vs (2.32±0.16)%, t=10.241, P<0.001], the concentration of IL-21 in the lymphocyte supernatant was lower [(0.28±0.03) ng/ml vs (0.85±0.08) ng/ml, t=6.675, P=0.003]. Conclusion: BDNF could enhance the inhibitory effect of MSC on Tfh cells through inhibiting the increasing of Tfh cells and the differentiations of Tfh2 and Tfh17 cells.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Cell Differentiation ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer

OBJECTIVESTo establish a clinical method for measuring the displacement of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) precisely irrespective of ulnar variance, and to derive normal population translation references with palmar and dorsal stress.

METHODSThirty-seven normal distal forearms were scanned with computed tomography using an apparatus designed by Pirela-Cruz. Each extremity was scanned in two positions: maximal ulnar palmar and dorsal stress. The digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) CT images were then imported into Mimics 10.0 for three-dimensional reconstruction. On the DRUJs 3D images, choose the most prominent point of the palmar and dorsal margins of the sigmoid notch and the excavate ulna fovea as the reference points A, B and C. A perpendicular line was then drawn from the point C to a line connecting points A and B with the intersection D. Calculate the ratio of AD/AB and DB/AB. Two observers measured all the DRUJs independently and one repeated the measurements one month later to determine the interobserver and intraobserver reliability.

RESULTSThe mean ratio values of palmar (AD/AB) and dorsal (DB/AB) translation were 0.39 ± 0.07 and 0.37 ± 0.07, and the normal references (x(-) ± 2 s) were from 0.25 to 0.50 and from 0.23 to 0.50, respectively. No significant differences were observed in terms of positions, genders and dominant hands. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values for interobserver and intraobserver reliability (DB/AB, AD/AB) were 0.84, 0.80, 0.93 and 0.92, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThis new method could accurately measure the displacement of DRUJs with acceptable reliability, even with ulna positive or negative variance. Instability of DRUJ may be indicated when AD/AB is less than 0.25 or BD/AB is less than 0.23.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Joint Dislocations ; diagnostic imaging ; Joint Instability ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radius ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ulna ; diagnostic imaging ; Wrist Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) and multimodal navigation in surgical resection of glioblastoma.

METHODSBetween February 2009 and July 2010, 76 glioblastoma patients underwent surgical resection guided by iMRI and multimodal navigation. The cohort consisted of 43 male and 33 female patients, with a mean age of 49 years (range: 14-79 years). Rates of gross total resection (GTR) and extent of resection (EoR) were calculated at first and final iMRI scans.Pearson χ(2) test was used to compare the rates of GTR.

RESULTSiMRI and multimodal navigation were successfully implemented in all cases. Rates of GTR were misestimated by neurosurgeons in 24 cases (31.6%), which were confirmed by first iMRI. Total tumor resection were achieved in 20 cases (26.3%) as a result of iMRI scan, increasing the rates of gross total resection from 52.6% to 78.9% (χ(2) = 11.692, P = 0.001). Extent of resection in 28 patients who underwent further tumor resection were increased from 81.5% to 98.1%, leading to the overall extent of resection improved from 92.3% to 98.4%. At 3-month follow-up, 3 cases (3.9%) developed permanent neurologic deficits. The mean clinical follow-up was 15.6 months (range 3.0-45.0 months). The 2-year overall survival rate was 19.7%. The median progression-free survival of gross total resection group was 12 months (95% CI: 10.1-13.9 months), compared with 9 months (95%CI: 7.9-10.1 months) of the subtotal resection group (χ(2) = 4.756, P = 0.029). The overall survival of gross total resection group was 16 months (95% CI: 13.7-18.3 months), compared with 12 months (95% CI: 9.7-14.3 months) of the subtotal resection group (χ(2) = 7.885, P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONCombined with multimodal navigation, iMRI helps maximize surgical resection of glioblastoma, preserving neurological function while increasing progression-free survival and overall survival.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Glioblastoma ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; methods ; Neuronavigation ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of dust exposure and smoking on mortality of respiratory system diseases (RSD).

METHODSBased on the Guangzhou Occupational Health Surveillance Record System established between 1989 and 1992, 80,987 factory workers, aged 30 years old or older, occupationally exposed or not exposed to dusts, were included in a prospective cohort study.

RESULTS(1) The mean age of the cohort was 43.5. Most subjects were workers, had secondary education, and almost all were married. The dust exposure rate was 16.3%, the smoking rate 43.7% and the alcohol-drinking rate 33.5%. (2) The cohort was followed up for 8 years on average, but 35 people (0.04%) were lost for follow up. Among the 1593 deaths, 219 and 90 people died of lung cancer and non-cancer respiratory system diseases (NCRSD) respectively. (3) The adjusted relative risk (RR) of death of lung cancer for smokers, 3.32, was 2.2 times of that for dust exposed workers, 1.53, and the RR of death of NCRSD for dust exposed workers, 2.41, 1.28 times of that for smokers, 1.89, especially for silica dust-exposed workers, 5.72, 3.03 times of that for smokers. Dust exposure combined with smoking caused significantly higher RR of death of RSD. (4) In male, the death risks of RSD were increased with the amount of smoking per day and years of smoking.

CONCLUSIONOccupational dust exposure and smoking may cause excessive lung cancer and NCRSD death with synergistic effects. Smoking has higher RR of Lung cancer death than dust exposure. However, the dust exposure contributes to higher RR of NCRSD death. There is a significant dose-effect relationship between smoking and the death risk of RSD.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Dust ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; etiology ; mortality ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects

Objective To investigate influence factors of diarrhea,thrush and multi-system damage in hospitalized children with lower respiratory infection (LRI).Methods A total of 9135 children with LRI who were hospitalized in our hospital were divided into four groups according to whether they had diarrhea and/or thrush:A (simple LRI group) has 7716 children,B (LRI complicated with diarrhea group) has 1057 children,C (LRI complicated with thrush group) has 200 children,D (LRI complicated with diarrhea and thrush group) include 162 children.All clinical data of four groups were collected and retrospectively reviewed.Results Infants less than six months of the group B,C and D had the highest incidence,followed by babies from six months to one year old,the lowest was the group that over the age of five.The incidence of group B and D was highest in winter.The incidence of in hospital or out of hospital for more than 14 d in group D was higher than that for less than 14 d.The incidence of premature infants in group C and group D were 3.70％ and 3.90％,higher than 2.10％ and 1.65％ of the full-term infants.The incidence of children with atopic in group B and D was 16.83％ and 3.00％,which was higher than 10.70％ and 1.57％ in children with non-atopic.The incidence of severe children in group B,C and D were 15.97％,3.92％ and 4.20％,which was significantly higher than 11.39％,2.12％ and 1.68％ of the normal patients;and 15.29％,4.00％,4.09％ in children who use antibiotics for more than 14 d which was higher than 10.44％,1.64％,1.07％ for less than 14 d.The proportion of multiple antibiotic user in group D was 2.16％,which was significantly higher than 1.12％ of the single antibiotic user.The rate of hormone application in group B and D was 13.25％ and 2.07％,which was significantly higher than 9.98％ and 1.49％ of non-hormone users.The levels of CD3 + in group B,C,D were significantly lower than that in group A,and the percentage of CD3 + CD8 + was below the normal reference value.The percentages of CD3-CD19 + and CD19 + CD23 + in four groups were significantly higher than the normal reference value.Conclusion The high incidence of diarrhea and/or thrush in pediatric patients with LRI was associated with some factors,including winter admission,premature,atopic,long course of hospital and out of hospital,severe disease,long-term or joint use of antibiotic,hormone therapy or low level of CD3 +.In clinical practice,reasonable and positive intervention and immune regulation in the early stage of disease will help to reduce the occurrence of diarrhea and/or thrush in children with LRI,promote disease recovery,reduce the use of medical resources and cases of severe,critical and refractory.

Objective To analyze the relation among aortic root dimension(ARD) measured by echocardiography, cardiovascular disease risk factors and cardiovascular disease in adult Beijing community population.Methods Echocardiography was performed in 1041 individuals in a suburban community of Beijing from 2004 to 2005. ARD and other echocardiographic parameters including left atria dimension, left ventricular mass, septal and posterior wall thickness and dimension were analyzed. Histories of cardiovascular disease as well as risk factors were obtained. Spearman correlation was used to determine the relation between ARD and other cardiovascular risk factors. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of ARD and cardiovascular disease.ResultsAscending aortic dimension (AAD) and mean root dimension(MRD) were positively associated with age, weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, left atria dimension, left ventricular mass, left ventricular septal and posterior wall thickness, and left ventricular dimension. With the lowest quintile of AAD and MRD as the reference, ORs for the highest quintile of AAD for specific cardiovascular diseases in female were as follows: stroke (OR=2.20,95%CI:1.03-4.72,P=0.04),chronic heart failure (OR=2.62, 95%CI:1.49-4.61,P=0.001),total cardiovascular disease (OR=2.52, 95%CI:1.51-4.21,P<0.001).ORs of MRD were as follows: chronic heart failure (OR=2.19, 95%CI:1.26-3.80,P=0.01), total cardiovascular disease (OR=2.20, 95%CI:1.32-3.68,P=0.002). After adjustment for age, BMI, smoking status, TC,hypertension, diabetes mellitus, the ORs were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion ARD was positively associated with several CHD risk factors, but was not independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. ARD may act as an intermediate risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Combined ARD and traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors might enhance the predict power for cardiovascular disease.