By facing the era of the 4th industrial revolution, personalized medical services for patients are expanding with the development of information and communications technology. With these changes, digital medical devices have begun to be used to support diagnosis, patient monitoring, and decision-making of diseases, and recently software medical devices for the purpose of preventing, managing, or treating disorders or diseases have become popular. The aim of this article is to understand the current concept and status of Software as a Medical Device (SaMD), which are actively being carried out in the United States, and to find out what fields can be applied in the future. In addition, it intends to find out the Korean domestic policy trends related to smart healthcare and find out the application of digital software as a medical devices that can be used in dental clinic to keep pace with the upcoming changes in the medical field.

Probiotics are living micro-organisms that beneficially affect the composition of the host intestinal microflora. In very preterm infants, probiotics reportedly help reduce necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), invasive fugal colonization and sepsis, and enable the establishment of complete enteral feeding at an earlier stage. However, emerging evidence has indicated the risk of potential side effects of probiotic use, such as gut organism translocation, including probiotic organisms, in infants that are more premature. In the present report, we describe a case of Lactobacillus bacteremia in a very preterm infant with short bowel syndrome. Lactobacillus sepsis developed during the therapeutic use of this organism for diarrhea and diarrhea-related malabsorption. The organism isolated from the blood sample was found to be of the same strain as that administered, by using molecular techniques. The findings of the present case suggest that probiotics should be carefully used, particularly in very preterm infants with altered intestinal permeability such as short bowel syndrome.
Bacteremia* ; Colon ; Diarrhea ; Enteral Nutrition ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Lactobacillus* ; Permeability ; Probiotics* ; Sepsis ; Short Bowel Syndrome*