No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

The correlation between facial pain and/or headache in patients with chronic sinusitis and localized findings on paranasal sinus omputed tomography (CT) are poorly understood. So we prospectively evaluated the relationship of paranasal sinus pain symptoms with CT imaging. Fifty eight patients with headache and/or facial pain rated their pain in 9 areas at the time of CT scanning and 2 months after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). We scored the degree of air-fluid level, mucosal thickening, and mucus retention cysts using a grade scale of severity. The ostiomeatal unit, middle meatus and nasofrontal duct were also evaluated for patency. Bivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between patients' pain, that was improved after ESS and CT findings. Among 58 patients who had facial pain and/or headache at the time of CT scan, the pain improved in 51 patients after ESS. Bivariate analysis failed to show any relationship between pain symptoms and CT findings in 51 patients. This study suggests that findings on CT do not routinely correlate with the patients' symptoms of facial pain or headache. CT should therefore be reserved for delineating the anatomy and degree of sinus disease before surgical intervention.
Facial Pain ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea* ; Mucus ; Prospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is little data to indicate that hypertrophy of adenoid and tonsil may cause short stature. However, there is no data relating short stature to allergic rhinitis in the Korean population. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hypertrophy of adenoid and tonsil and allergic rhinitis on children with short stature. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: One hundred and ninety-one children were included in the disease group, which consisted of three groups, allergic rhinitis only (n=83), hypertrophy of adenoid and tonsil only (n=67), and combintorial of allergic rhinitis and hypertrophy of adenoid and tonsil (n=41). There were 174 pediatric patients in the control group. Growth hormone levels, thyroid function and both wrist X-rays were checked on the children with short stature in order to exclude other chief medical problems causing short stature. For the purpose of evaluating the relationship between short stature and clinical factors, allergy parameters, eosinophil partition rate and total IgE levels were checked in the allergic rhinitis group, and the size of the adenoid and tonsil were checked in the adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy group. The relationship between the incidence of short stature and above clinical factors was evaluated. RESULTS: The incidence of short stature was significantly higher in each disease group than in the control. However, there was no statistically significant differences between each disease group. The above clinical factors were not associated with short stature. CONCLUSION: Hypertrophy in adenoid and tonsil and allergic rhinitis might be an independent cause of short stature.
Adenoids* ; Body Height ; Child* ; Eosinophils ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Hypertrophy* ; Immunoglobulin E ; Incidence ; Palatine Tonsil* ; Rhinitis* ; Thyroid Gland ; Wrist

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It has become increasingly clear that immunotherapy with a specific aeroallergen extract is an effective treatment for allergic rhinitis. The fear of side reactions has led to strict regulation preventing a more widespread use of specific immunotherapy. The aim of this study is to investigate incidence of local and systemic side reactions in patients who received immunotherapy. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Subjects were 139 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. All patients with allergic rhinitis were diagnosed by history and positive allergic skin test or MAST. All patients received injections of Dermatophagoides farinae or cockroach extracts. Retrospective study was conducted to investigate the incidence of local and systemic side reactions. RESULTS: Ninety-nine patients (71.2%) experienced more than a side reaction. Eighty-seven patients (62.6%) experienced local side reactions and 41 patients (29.5%) experienced systemic reactions. The frequency of side reaction in each age group was different but not statistically significant. The side reactions were developed in 66.8% of patients during buildup phase and in 42.4% of patients during maintenance phase. All patients who experienced systemic reactions were recovered after appropriate managements. CONCLUSION: Immunotherapy is a relatively safe treatment for allergic rhinitis patients in spite of frequent reaction rate, because most of reactions are local reactions and patients with systemic reactions are treated completely.
Cockroaches ; Dermatophagoides farinae ; Humans ; Immunotherapy* ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis* ; Skin Tests

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has been used worldwide since the advent of ESS by Messerklinger and Wigand. There have been many reports concerning the results of ESS on the treatment of chronic paranasal sinusitis, but few reports about the intraoperative complications of ESS in Korea. In this paper, we analyzed the intraoperative complications of ESS in Kyung Hee University Hospital and discussed about early recognition and managements. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We reviewed retrospectively the intraoperative complications of ESS of 1025 patients who underwent the ESS at Kyung Hee University Hospital from January 1998 to January 2001. Dividing the intraoperative complications into major and minor, we describe the managements and results. RESULTS: The rate of total complications was 13.27%. The major complications occurred in 0.78%, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (0.39%) marking the commonest complication. The ratio of minor complications was 12.49%, with the leading one being the periorbital ecchymosis (6.15%). CONCLUSION: ESS is often complicated by anatomical variations and inexperience of operator, and we must prepare for early detection and managements through preoperative survey of anatomical defects and improvement of operative skills.
Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Ecchymosis ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications* ; Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Identifying sites of obstruction and estimating the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the principal goal of clinical examination by an otolaryngologist. There have been many attempts to derive easily obtainable predictors for OSA, which are complementary to polysomnography (PSG) in the evaluation of patients suspected of OSA. The aim of this study is to explore relatively simple and useful test batteries that can predict the presence and severity of OSA. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Seventy seven patients who complained for snoring and/or sleep apnea, excessive daytime sleepness prospectively underwent PSG, physical examination, cephalometry and nasopharyngosopy. The physical examination included the measurement of tonsil size, palatal position, body mass index (BMI) and thyromental space distance (TMD). The AP diameter of posterior airway space (PAS), the length of soft palate (PNS-P) and inferior displacement of hyoid bone (MP-H) was measured in cephalometry. Retropalatal area and retroglossal area were measured by 4 scales with nasopharyngoscopy during the end of expiration and during Mueller maneuver (MM). RESULTS: Significant correlations with RDI were found in BMI, TMD, MP-H in cephalometry and collapsibility of the retropalatal area in nasopharyngoscopy during MM. BMI, MP-H in cephalometry and collapsibility of the retropalatal area in nasopharingoscopy during MM were found to be good predictors of OSA severity by multivariate linear regression analysis. CONCLUSION: We suggest that, although it can not replace the role of PSG, the test battery combined with BMI, cephalometry (MP-H) and nasopharyngoscopy with MM (collapsibility of retropalatal area) can predict the presence and severity of OSA.
Body Mass Index ; Cephalometry ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; Linear Models ; Palate, Soft ; Palatine Tonsil ; Physical Examination ; Polysomnography ; Prospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Snoring ; Weights and Measures

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Overnight polysomnography (PSG) in a sleep laboratory is the standard method of confirming the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, PSG is expensive, time-consuming, uneasily accessible and labor-intensive, thus the need for ambulatory screening tests. The aim of this study was to find out the usefulness of ApneaLink(TM) by comparing respiratory parameters derived from ApneaLink(TM) with those of PSG. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A prospective study was undertaken using 40 patients for whom polysomnography and ApneaLink(TM) were performed. Apnea index (AI), hypopnea index (HI), and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from ApneaLink(TM) were obtained automatically and those from PSG were scored. All parameters were compared between PSG and ApneaLink(TM). RESULTS: The correlation coefficience of AI, HI, and AHI, which are all attainable by both PSG and ApneaLink(TM), were 0.73, 0.53, and 0.78, respectively. The results of PSG and ApneaLink(TM) showed no statistical difference. The positive predictive value was 0.9, sensitivity 91% and specificity 73% in ApneaLink(TM). CONCLUSION: ApneaLink(TM) might be clinically useful as a screening device of OSA and as a follow-up study of patients after surgery based on its high correlation with PSG and positive predictive value.
Apnea ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Polysomnography ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive