The therapeutie efficacy of ranitidine was evaluated itn 48 in- and out- patients with endoscopically diagnosed 18 cases of gaetric ulcer and 30 casea of ducnienal ulcer. In the open study, every pabenta was treated with ranitidine 150 mg b.i.d. for 4 weeks, and waa followed up by gastroscopy after 4 weeks of the treatment. The reeults obtained were summarized as follows; 1) 15 out of 18 cases (83. 3%) of gastric ulcers and 26 out of 30 cases (86. 7%) of duodenal ulcers had been completely healed up in 4 weeks. 2) There was a significant relationship between healing of ulcer and the relief of symptoms (x =6.12, P<0.005).3) There were no significant untoward reactions, efther subjective or objective, to the administration of the drug, except one case of severe epigastic discomfort. In conclusion ranitidine appears to be fairy effective and safe for the treatment of patient with peptic ulcr diseases.
Duodenal Ulcer ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Peptic Ulcer* ; Ranitidine* ; Stomach Ulcer ; Ulcer

No abstract available.
Glomerulonephritis*

Primary carcinoma arising in the diverticular wall of the urinary bladder is the most serious complication. The clinical importance is that the carcinoma is difficult to diagnose early, widespread at diagnosis and has poor prognosis. Recently, vigilant studies including bladder mapping reveal premalignant changes and carcinoma in situ adjacent to carcinoma and suggest these premalignant changes evolve to flank carcinoma. For early detection and improving the prognosis, be required through cystoscopic examination including diverticular wall and multiple punch biopsies as well as consecutive urine cytologic examination. Author report two cases of primary carcinoma arising in bladder diverticulum. One revealed carcinoma in situ accompanied with adjacent atypical hyperplasia in diverticula mucosa incidentally found at the pathologic examination on the divertiuclectomy specimen. The other case showed invasive transitional cell carcinoma(Grade IV, Stage D) of diverticulum. The two cases described suggest that vesical diverticulum should be removed into to with a good amount of surrounding bladder wall.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Diagnosis ; Diverticulum* ; Hyperplasia ; Mucous Membrane ; Prognosis ; Urinary Bladder

Medullary sponge kidney is a relatively common, congenital lesion of the renal medulla, which was first described by Lenarduzzi in 1939. Many urologists have been interested in its unknown pathogenesis and complications, such as nephrolithiasis and infection. We report 5 cases of medullary sponge kidney, diagnosed by excretory urography and the literature has been reviewed briefly.
Medullary Sponge Kidney* ; Nephrolithiasis ; Urography

463 female patients visited our hospital due to lower urinary tract symptoms during the period from March 1st, 1980 to February 28th, 1981. Among them, 127 female patients whose urinalysis was normal were performed endoscopic examination and studied clinically, based on endoscopic findings. The results are summerized as follows. 1) The endoscopic findings were classified into 5 groups. Group I: Almost normal urethral mucosa, bladder neck and vesical mucosa, 11 cases. Group II: Gray-whitish velvety trigone with almost normal urethra and bladder neck, 16 cases. Group III: Mild granular hyperemia of the urethra, bladder neck and trigone 31 cases. Group IV: Mild bullous hyperemia of the urethra, bladder neck and trigone with a few pseudopolyps, 43 cases. Group V: Marked granular hyperemia of the urethra with many pseudopolyps and bullous hyperemia of bladder neck and trigone, 26 cases. 2) The most common age group was in 4th decade (33.8%). Group I and group II were younger than group IV and group V. 3) Common symptoms were frequency (78.0%), tenesmus (68.5%), painful urination (26.8%), urgency (20.5%), suprapubic discomfort (33.1%) and lumbago (18.9%). There were no significant differences among 5 groups. 4) 47 cases had the history of urethritis-cystitis and it was outstanding in group IV and group V. 5) Trabeculation (52.8%) was the most common change in bladder on cystoscopic examination. Meatal stenosis which was found in 44 cases (34.6%) was the most common associated disease. Endoscopic examination was necessary to establish the correct diagnosis and determine the therapeutic choice such as conservative, surgical and psychological treatment in female urethral syndrome.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Female* ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Low Back Pain ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms* ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck ; Urethra ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urination

Effect of pivmecillinam hydrochloride was evaluated on 20 patients with cystitis and 13 patients with urethritis seen in urologic department of Kyungpook National University Hospital during past 4 months periods from April 1982 through August 1982. Pivmecillinam was given orally at a dose of 600mg (3 tablets) tid for 4 days (total 12 tablets) and following results were obtained. 1. In cystitis, effective result was observed in 19 out of 20 patients, giving therapeutic rate of 95%, and pivmecillinam was effective against all G (-) bacilli infections including E. coli except pseudomonas infection in 1. 2. In urethritis, effective result was noticed in 9 out of 13 patients, giving therapeutic rate of 70%, and pivmecillinam was effective against staphylococcus infection in 6 out of 7 patients, serratia infection in 1 out of 2 and G (-), bacilli infection in 1. However, it was ineffective against staphylococcus, serratia, enterococcus and unknown organism in 1 case, respectively. 3. As to the side effect, only diarrhea was observed in one of total 33 patients.
Amdinocillin Pivoxil* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cystitis ; Diarrhea ; Enterococcus ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Pseudomonas Infections ; Serratia ; Serratia Infections ; Staphylococcus ; Urethritis ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

Effect of pivmecillinam hydrochloride was evaluated on 20 patients with cystitis and 13 patients with urethritis seen in urologic department of Kyungpook National University Hospital during past 4 months periods from April 1982 through August 1982. Pivmecillinam was given orally at a dose of 600mg (3 tablets) tid for 4 days (total 12 tablets) and following results were obtained. 1. In cystitis, effective result was observed in 19 out of 20 patients, giving therapeutic rate of 95%, and pivmecillinam was effective against all G (-) bacilli infections including E. coli except pseudomonas infection in 1. 2. In urethritis, effective result was noticed in 9 out of 13 patients, giving therapeutic rate of 70%, and pivmecillinam was effective against staphylococcus infection in 6 out of 7 patients, serratia infection in 1 out of 2 and G (-), bacilli infection in 1. However, it was ineffective against staphylococcus, serratia, enterococcus and unknown organism in 1 case, respectively. 3. As to the side effect, only diarrhea was observed in one of total 33 patients.
Amdinocillin Pivoxil* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cystitis ; Diarrhea ; Enterococcus ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Pseudomonas Infections ; Serratia ; Serratia Infections ; Staphylococcus ; Urethritis ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

Calcium has been implicated as primary pathogenetic mediator of cellular injury under conditions or oxygen and substrate deprivation in the kidney as well as other tissues. According to various studies, calcium channel blockers may prevent metabolic disturbances and promote functional and structural recovery after ischemia. Verapamil is known to have many actions which may account for its beneficial effect in renal ischemia. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of verapamil on mitochondrial respiration of ischemic kidney in rabbits. 1. In normal kidneys, cortical mitochondria showed higher S3 respiration and ACR than medulla But S4 respiration was similar between cortex and medulla. 2. After renal artery clamping in normothermia, there was a marked decrease in S3 respiration, no significant changes in S4 respiration, and a decrease in the ACR in cortex. But in medulla, there were significant decrease in both S3 and S4 respiration with slight decrease in the ACR. 3. In regional hypothermic group, there were a decrease in S3 respiration and a decrease in the ACR on cortex. But S3 respiration and the ACR were significantly higher than those of normothermic group. 4. In verapamil treated group, there was a decrease in S3 respiration and a decrease in the ACR on cortex. But reduction rate of S3 respiration and the ACR was significantly lower than those of normothermic group. 5. In medulla, reduction rate of the ACR was not significantly different between three experimental groups. Above results suggested that verapamil has partial but significant protective effect in renal ischemia and achieve its effect by preserving mitochondrial functions. And also it was suggested that regional hypothermia had a superior protective effect compared with verapamil.
Calcium ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; Constriction ; Hypothermia ; Ischemia ; Kidney* ; Mitochondria ; Oxygen ; Rabbits* ; Renal Artery ; Respiration* ; Verapamil*

BACKGROUND: Elevated plasma homocysteine concentrations are an independent risk factor for vascular disease. The metabolism of homocysteine is closely related to vitamin B12 and folic acid. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between homocysteine and vitamin B12 as well as folic acid in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: Sixteen patients, in whom coronary angiography revealed more than 50% of stenosis at least in one coronary vessel, were enrolled as the patient group, and sixteen hypertensive subjects were selected as the control group. Blood was collected in the peripheral vein to measure the concentrations of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate. We evaluated the correlation between homocysteine, vitamin B12 and/or folate in both groups. RESULTS: Total plasma homocysteine concentrations were higher in the coronary artery disease group than in the control group. There were no significant differences in the folate and vitamin B12 levels between the coronary artery disease group and the control group. In the control group, the concentrations of homocysteine showed negative correlation with both vitamin B12 and folate concentrations, but similar trends were not observed in the coronary artery disease group.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels ; Folic Acid* ; Homocysteine* ; Humans ; Metabolism ; Plasma* ; Risk Factors ; Vascular Diseases ; Veins ; Vitamin B 12*

It is well recognized that dilation of upper urinary tract can occur in the absence of either reflux or mechanical obstruction. The demonstration of the cause of upper urinary tract dilation may critically alter the management of a patient. So several diagnostic methods were designed to demonstrate it, but their clinical application were not satisfactory due to inaccuracy, invasiveness and technical difficulty. Diuresis renography has recently been introduced as a method of evaluating upper urinary tract dilation found on intravenous urography. It is a simple, rapid, non invasive test which has enable to define the cause. 23 cases which have equivocal upper urinary tract dilation on intravenous urography were examined by diuresis renography in the Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, during the period from October 1980 to March 1982 and three differential categories were obtained as follows. 1. Normal type (9 cases): Both standard and diuresis renograms were normal. 2. Obstructive type (3 cases): Initial renogram was obstructive and remained so during diuresis. 3 cases in this category were confirmed by operation and follow-up intravenous urography. 3. Atonic type (11 cases): Initial renogram tracing was obstructive but rapid isotope elimination occurred after diuresis.
Diuresis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Radioisotope Renography* ; Urinary Tract* ; Urography ; Urology