Primary tumor of the renal pelvis and ureter is relatively rare disease, but usually malignant. It's prognosis is dependent upon the early detection, accurate diagnosis, procedure for treatment, and tumor grade and stage. Therefore, urologist should endeavor after accurate diagnosis and definitive treatment. A clinical observation was done on the 11 patients with renal pelvic tumor and the 3 patients with ureteral tumor at the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital during the period of 4 years from January, 1978 to December, 1981. The results were as follows: 1. There were 9 men and 5 women, giving a ratio of 1.8 to 1. The average age at presentation of the 14 patients was 51.4 years. 2. On excretory urogram, nonvisualization of the kidney was the most prevalent sign in 10 patients. Retrograde pyelogram was done in 11 patients in whom findings of IVP were not sufficient for diagnosis. Renal angi0graphy was done in 9 patients. 3. Urine cytology was positive in 2 of 14 patients. 4. Of the 13 patients treated, 12 were proved to have transitional cell carcinoma, and 1 was leiomyoma. In 3 of the 11 patients with renal pelvic tumor, Concomitant ureteral tumor was present at diagnosis. And in 2 of the 11 patients with renal pelvic tumor developed subsequent urothelial tumors in the ureter and/or bladder after simple nephrectomy. 5. Nephroureterectomy including resection of a bladder cuff was done in 11 patients, and in 2 of these was also performed lymphadenectomy. Simple nephrectomy was done in 2 patients with renal pelvic tumor under the misdiagnosis of renaltuberculosis. 6. Postoperative complications developed in 3 cases, wound infection, pneumothorax, and death, in each case.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Pelvis* ; Leiomyoma ; Lymph Node Excision ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Pneumothorax ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Ureter* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urology ; Wound Infection

PURPOSE: A retrospective review of the medical records of 168 patients who were evaluated for renal transplantation was undertaken to determine whether a voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) influenced the surgi cal care of the recipient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1989 to May 1998, 168 patients received a transplantation at our center. These patients proceeded to transplantation, with all of them receiving a VCUG as part of their evaluation. We compared incidence of postoperative complications between normal VCUG group and abnormal group during follow up period (mean 31. 6 months). RESULTS: An urologic abnormality was identified by VCUG in 15 (8.9%) of 168 patients and all of them were vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). In 15 patients with VUR, grade of VUR were grade I in 2, grade II in 10, grade III in 2 and grade IV in 1. None of them with VUR required surgical intervention and had postoperative complications related to VUR. CONCLUSIONS: The VCUG is not essential for the preparation of potential recipients for renal transplantation and should be utilized selectively in individuals with a history of urologic disease or when urinary tract abnormalities are identified by physical examination or an abnormal urine analysis.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Medical Records ; Physical Examination ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Tract ; Urologic Diseases ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

A clinical evaluation was made with particular attention to surgical management on patients with staghorn calculi who had been admitted to the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital during 10 years periods from January, 1975 to December, 1984. The results were as follows: 1. Out of total 2,634 in-patients, 469 were due to urinary stones and 51 due to staghorn calculi. 51 patients with staghorn calculi were 2% of total admission and 11% of patients with urinary stones. 2. The calculus was unilateral in 50 patients (right in 25 and left in 25) and bilateral in 1. Of 5O unilateral staghorn calculi l was in left solitary kidney. 3. 49 patients had presenting symptomatology and 2 patients had no symptoms. The most common symptom was flank Rain(80.4 %). 4. Excretory urogram showed marked hydronephrosis in 8 cases, mild to moderate hydronephrosis in 3O normal collecting system in 3 and non-visualized kidney in 10. 5. Urine cultures yielded organism in 19 of 41 cases: E. coli, Klebsiella and Staphylococci in 4 respectively and Enterobacter in 3. 6. The treatment modality was surgical intervention .in 47 patients (48 operations) and conservative management in 4. 4S surgical interventions were nephrectomy in 10 and conservative treatment 38. Conservative surgery was extended pyelolithotomy in 12, extended pyelolithotomy with parenchymal extension in 11, anatrophic nephrolithotomy in 9, partial nephrectomy in 5, and extended pyelolithotomy with ureterocalicostomy in 1. 7. Except 6 cases with remnant calculi, no mortality and significant morbidity was found in 38 cases with staghorn calculi treated by conservative surgery.
Calculi* ; Enterobacter ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney ; Klebsiella ; Mortality ; Nephrectomy ; Urinary Calculi ; Urology

A clinical observation was made on 35 patients with renal tumor who had been admitted to the Department of Urology, Kyungpook University hospital during the period from January, 1975 to December, 1979. The following results were obtained; 1) The incidence of renal tumor among total 1, O29 inpatients was 3.4% and 16.3% among the 214 genitourinary tumors. The most prevalent age group was fifth decade. There were 22 men and 13 women, for a ratio of 1.7`1. 2) histopathological analysis showed renal cell carcinoma in 16 cases, transitional cell carcinoma in 5 cases and Wilms` tumor in 4 cases, in order of frequency. 3) The most frequent symptoms and signs were palpable mass in 51.4%, flank pain in 45.7% and gross hematuria in 42.8%, but these were seen as the classical symptom triad in 11.4% of the patients. 4) Renal angiography was performed in 14 patients with renal tumor. 7 renal cell carcinomas, 2 Wilms` tumors, 3 transitional cell carcinomas and 2 renal cysts were accurately diagnosed. S) At the time of diagnosis distant metastases were found in 6 patients with renal cell carcinoma. 6) Treatment of renal tumors consisted of surgery and adjuvant radiation and/or chemotherapy. In renal cell carcinoma 3 simple nephrectomies, 9 radical nephrectomies and l pedicle ligation only were done. Post-operative radiation or chemotherapy was performed in 2 cases. It patients with Wilms` tumor 1 simple nephrectomy, 3 radical nephrectomies were performed and in all the patients combined radiation and/or chemotherapy after surgery were Jone for cure of tumor. In 5 patients with transitional cell carcinoma, 2 patients underwent simple nephrectomy and 3 patients nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff resection.
Angiography ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Ligation ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrectomy ; Urinary Bladder ; Urology

Seventy six patients with renal injury admitted to the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital during the least 6 and a half years were reviewed with particular attention to diagnosis and management. The injuries in this series were classified as minor, major and critical injuries according to Hodges classification. 32 patients were classified into minor injury, 41 patients into major injury and 3 patients into critical injury. Excretory urography was obtained in 75 patients and renal angiography only in 6 patients. 31 patients with minor injury were treated conservatively. Conservative management was done in 23 of 41 patients with major injury and the remaining 18 patients were managed surgically. 15 of 18 patients treated surgically in major injury were managed with conservative surgery (renorrhaphy in 9, partial nephrectomy in 5 and symphysiectomy in 1) and remaining 3 patients with nephrectomy. In major injury, 7 out of 23 patients treated conservatively and 3 out of 9 patients managed with renorrhaphy required nephrectomy subsequently due to complicating illness.
Angiography ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Nephrectomy ; Urography ; Urology

Ureteroceles can be classified as intravesical forms which terminate inside the vesical cavity and ectopic ones which terminate in the vesical outlet, urethra, or elsewhere. Most intravesical ureteroceles do not require operative intervention, except when they are obstructive because of harboring calculi, upper tract dilation or infection, and when the function of the intramural portion of the ureter appears irreparably injured. Two cases of intravesical ureterocele including a calculus, occurring in female patients, 27 and 37 years old. are presented with a brief review of the literature.
Adult ; Calculi* ; Female ; Humans ; Ureter ; Ureterocele* ; Urethra

From January, 1981 to May, l988, 46 patients underwent renal transplant ureteroneocystostomy by a transvesical technique in 12 and extravesical ureteroneocystostomy in 34. There were 2 complications of urine leakage related to the transvesical ureteroneocystostomy, while no instance of complication relates to the extravesical ureteroneocystostomy. Urine leakages were repaired by reoperation of the extravesical ureteroneocystostomy. Renal transplant extravesical ureteroneocystostomy is simple, fast and effective method to reestablish urinary tract continuity and provides minimal complication.
Humans ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Reoperation ; Urinary Tract

In an effort to study the underlying diseases, management and postoperative complications of nephrectomized patients, author analyzed the records of 171 nephrectomized patients who were treated at the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital during the past 10 years. The results were as followers: 1. These 171 nephrectomized patients revealed giving rate of 14.9% to the total urologic operations during above periods. 2. The most frequent year distribution was 1981, being 31 patients, followed in frequency by 1980 in 29 and 1979 in 25. Over half of nephrectomized patients were seen since 1979. 3. The most commonly involved age group was the 3rd decade (24.6%), followed in decreasing order of frequency by 6th decade (18.1%) and 4th decade (17.5%). Sex ratio. male to female, was 1.9:1. 4. The most common causative disease was the tumor comprising 43 patients (25.1%) out of 171 nephrectomized patients, followed in order of frequency by renal injury in 40(23.4%), renal tuberculosis in 33(19.3%), renal infection in 21(12.3%) and hydronephrosis in 16(9.4%). 5. The most frequently employed surgical approach of nephrectomy was through translumbar (64.3%), followed by transperitoneal (30.4%), thoracoabdominal (4.7%) and posterior lumbar (0.6%). The translumbar approach was undertaken nearly in all nephrectomized patients except transperitoneal approach in 18 tumor patients, thoracoabdominal in tumor patients and transperitoneal approach in 26 renal injury patients. 6. Postoperative complications were developed in 21 patients and 2 of these were died. 7. One hundred and forty one patients (82.5%) were hospitalized between 8 and 21 days, 24 over 22 days and 6 below 7 days.
Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Sex Ratio ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Urology

This study is based on the clinical analysis of 14 patients with retroperitoneal tumors experienced at the Department of Urology. Kyungpook University Hospital during the period from February 1980 to May 1991. The results were as follows ; l. The patients age ranged from 27 to 73 years and the ratio of male to female was 1.8: 1. 2. The most common chief complaint was abdominal mass (57.2% ) and 9 of 14 patients (64.4%) had presented symptoms for 1 year or less prior to visiting the hospital. 3. The clinical diagnosis was made by the clinical symptoms, physical findings and radiologic evaluations such as intravenous pyelography, ultrasonography. computerized tomography, angiography and so on. Abdominal CF scan provided clinically the most useful information regarding the state of tumors and also their effect on adjacent structures. 4. There were 5 benign and 9 malignant tumors including 4 metastatic tumors and 3 leiomyosarcomas. 5. Complete excision was performed in all 5 benign tumors and 2 malignant tumors (50%), and others were treated with partial excision followed by radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy or biopsy only.
Angiography ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Male ; Ultrasonography ; Urography ; Urology

Carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) was measured by the enzyme immunoassay(EIA) technique in the serum and urine of 25 patients with non-tumor disease and 68 patients with several types of genitourinary tumor at the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital during period from January 1982 to May, 1984. The results were as follows : 1. Mean serum and urine CEA levels in 24 normal controls were 3.97 ng/ml and 9.56 ng/ml. The upper limit of ""Normal"" for CEA levels was fixed at 2 standard deviation above the mean of normal controls. Therefore, we accept 9ng/ml and 23 ng/ml as the upper limit of normal for serum and urine 2. Mean serum and urine CEA levels in 21 patients with urinary infection were 5.70 ng/ ml and 21.14ng/ ml and incidence of positive results in serum and urine were 9.5% and 33%. Mean serum and urine CEA. levels in 68 patients with G-U tumor were 11.08ng/ ml and 49.12 ng/ ml and incidence of positive results in serum and urine were 32% and 34% 3. Mean serum and urine CEA levels in bladder ca were 13.78 ng/ ml and 60.43 ng/ ml being the highest elevation in G-U tumor, 12.74 ng/ ml and 53.60 ng/ ml in renal cell ca and 7.98 ng/ ml and 44.40ng/ ml in ureteral ca. Incidence of positive results of serum and urine in bladder ca were 38% and 38%, 23% and 38% in renal cell ca and 33% and 40% in ureteral ca. 4. Mean CEA levels and incidence of positive results in urine were correlated with the stage and grade of bladder ca. 5. Preoperative and postoperative serum and urine CEA measurements were useful in determining the completeness of tumor resection in patients with G-U tumor. However, in case of ileal conduit with cystectomy or incomplete resection of tumor mass, serum and urine CEA levels were increased postoperatively.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen* ; Cystectomy ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Diversion ; Urology