20 years old female patient with asymmetric mandibular prognathism had anterior open-bite, anterior cross-bite and mandibular shift. This patient was treated width both orthodontic and surgical method. Maxillary second molars were extracted to reduce the wedging effect and maxillary first molars moved to distal by straight pull head gear. After orthognathic surgery, open-bite was corrected with multiple shoe-loop arch wire.
Female ; Head ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Molar ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Prognathism* ; Young Adult

Steatocystoma multiplex is a rare, inherited disorder that is characterized by multiple, asymptomatic, variably sized dermal cysts. The condition is transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion; although sporadic cases have been documented. Keratin 17 has been proposed to be an important factor in inherited steatocystoma. In this study, a 29-year old man has a 4-year history of asymptomatic, movable, skin-colored nodules on his face, neck, scalp, anterior chest and back. His father and elder-brother have similar lesions. Histologically, the cysts show a thin stratified squamous epithelium with sebaceous glands arising from its wall and an absence of the granular cell layer. Generally, there are two treatments-medical treatment and surgical treatment. In case of non- inflamed lesions, surgical excision or drainage is regarded as the best treatment. We tried excisional biopsy and until now there has been no recurrence in the operation area over the past 12 months following the operation.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Drainage ; Epithelium ; Fathers ; Humans ; Keratin-17 ; Neck ; Recurrence ; Scalp ; Sebaceous Glands ; Steatocystoma Multiplex* ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the most important, and yet modifiable, risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. But in many countries, hypertension remains poorly controlled. Moreover, sleep apnea syndrome has shown that it is correlated with hypertension. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension among the Korean people and to evaluate the relationship between hypertension and snoring. METHODS: A total of 640 subjects living in Ansan, a regional city in Korea, were selected randomly, and trained nursing students investigated their age, sex, medical history, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and snoring score. Blood pressures were measured three times with a 10 - minute interval and then averaged. The degree of snoring was estimated using a questionnaire. We divided the subjects into hypertensive (BP> OR =140/90 mmHg) versus normotensive group and snorer versus non-snorer group, and correlated hypertension with snoring. RESULTS: Of 640 subjects, 311 were male. The mean age was 39.7+/-14.6 years (18-77 years), the mean BMI (body mass index) was 22.4+/-3.0 kg/m2. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 121+/-15.7 mmHg and 79.5+/-11.6 mmHg. The prevalence and awareness of hypertension were 22.2% and 16.9%, respectively, and the prevalence of snoring was 35.2%. With the increment of age, in the male, the prevalence of hypertension and snoring were higher, and the snorer group showed a higher risk of hypertension than the non-snorer group (Odds ratio 2.32, CI=1.56-3.39, p=0.0001). CONCLUSION: In Korea, the prevalence of hypertension was similar to that in the western countries, but the awareness of hypertension was much lower compared with western countries. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in the snorer group, so more research on the correlation between the two conditions should be advanced in the future.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Comorbidity ; Comparative Study ; Confidence Intervals ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Human ; Hypertension/diagnosis/*epidemiology ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Age ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Probability ; Risk Assessment ; Sex Distribution ; Snoring/diagnosis/*epidemiology

Extensive and complicated defects on the body call for an omnipotent tool for a perfect reconstruction. Flaps derived from the omentum has many advantages over the conventional flaps. From 1999 to 2004, Omental flaps were applied for various soft tissue reconstructions. Among total 20 total 7 cases were for immediate reconstruction, 2 cases for chronic infection, 3 cases for simultaneous reconstruction of two defects, 4 cases for functional joint reconstruction and 4 cases were for flow- through revascularization. Among these cases, 3 cases were operated with minimal incision harvest technique. There were no complete flap failures, partial necrosis of the distal parts were noted on three cases. The omental flap is indicated on a large contaminated defect reconstruction due to its large size, well-vascularized, and malleable properties. The omental flap provides several additional advantages over other flaps, which are; the availability of the one staged simultaneous reconstruction of two defects with one flap, providing gliding function for the joint motion, and a flow-through characteristics with long vascular pedicle. But there are some serious shortcomings, including a long abdominal scar and intraabdominal problems. However, these are rare and can be minimized with our minimal incision technique. Due to its unique characteristics. the omentum is one of the ideal tissues for the reconstruction of the complicated soft tissue defects due to its unique characteristics.
Cicatrix ; Joints ; Necrosis ; Omentum

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the imaging features, clinical manifestations, and prognosis of patients with thyroid nodule rupture after radiofrequency ablation (RFA).METHODS: The records of 12 patients who experienced thyroid nodule rupture after RFA at four Korean thyroid centers between March 2010 and July 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data evaluated included baseline patient characteristics, treatment methods, initial presenting symptoms, imaging features, treatment, and prognosis.RESULTS: The most common symptoms of post-RFA nodule rupture were sudden neck bulging and pain. Based on imaging features, the localization of nodule rupture was classified into three types: anterior, posterolateral, and medial types. The anterior type is the most often, followed by posterolateral and medial type. Eight patients recovered completely after conservative treatment. Four patients who did not improve with conservative management required invasive procedures, including incision and drainage or aspiration.CONCLUSION: Thyroid nodule rupture after RFA can be classified into three types based on its localization: anterior, posterolateral, and medial types. Because majority of thyroid nodule ruptures after RFA can be managed conservatively, familiarity with these imaging features is essential in avoiding unnecessary imaging workup or invasive procedures.
Catheter Ablation ; Drainage ; Humans ; Neck ; Prognosis ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Nodule ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: It is difficult to differentiate between tuberculous pneumonia and Community Acquired Pneumonia, so the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous pneumonia can be delayed frequently. In this study, we attempted to retrospectively evaluate the clinical and radiologic characteristics of tuberculous pneumonia. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics of 58 patients diagnosed with tuberculous pneumonia from Nov. 1997 to May 2001 at Korea university kuro hospital. RESULT: The male to female ratio was 1:1 and the mean age at diagnosis was 54.5+/-18.6 years. Fifty five patients were confirmed microbiologically and three patients pathologically. There were 20 patients(34.5%) who had diabetes mellitus(8cases), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(3cases), malignancy(3cases), bronchiectasis(2cases), chronic renal failure(1cases) or long term history of corticosteroid treatment(3cases). Many patients had multilobar infiltration in chest X-ray, dominantly in the lower lobe. thirty two patients(55.2%) had infiltration in more than 2 lobes and 5 patients in more than 4 lobes. The significant correlation between the diabetes mellitus and the infiltrated Rt lower lobe(RLL) was found on the borders of confidence limit.(P=0.07<0.1). There was significant correlation between woman and infiltrated lobe(RML, RLL, LLL) excluding the both upper lobe(P=0.029). CONCLUSION: We must consider tuberculous pneumonia when lobar pneumonia with consolidation resistant to antibiotics, especially in the patients who have diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, malignancy, bronchiectsis, chronic renal failure or long term history of corticosteroid treatment.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Korea ; Male ; Pneumonia* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Korea is relatively high compared to the other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, with a prevalence of 71 per 100,000 in 2012, although the incidence is declining. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been introduced for the rapid diagnosis of TB. Recently, its advantage lies in higher sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of TB. This study evaluated the clinical accuracy of real-time PCR using respiratory specimens in a clinical setting. METHODS: Real-time PCR assays using sputum specimens and/or bronchoscopic aspirates from 2,877 subjects were reviewed retrospectively; 2,859 subjects were enrolled. The diagnosis of TB was determined by positive microbiology, pathological findings of TB in the lung and pleura, or clinical suspicion of active TB following anti-TB medication for more than 6 months with a favorable response. RESULTS: Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 44%, 99%, and 86% from sputum, and 65%, 97%, and 87% from bronchoscopic aspirates, respectively. For overall respiratory specimens, sensitivity was 59%, specificity was 98%, and accuracy increased to 89%. CONCLUSION: Positivity in real-time PCR using any respiratory specimens suggests the possibility of active TB in clinically suspected cases, guiding to start anti-TB medication. Real-time PCR from selective bronchoscopic aspirates enhances the diagnostic yield much more when added to sputum examination.
Bronchoscopy ; Diagnosis* ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung ; Pleura ; Prevalence ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sputum ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*