No abstract available.
Multiple Organ Failure* ; Sepsis*

Diagnosis of knee jont pathology has been mainly dependent on clinical manifestations and invasive proceduressuch as arthrography and arthroscopy etc. However, these procedures are invasive. Arthroscopy is perfromed undergeneral anesthesia. Recently, with development of high resuloution CT with thin slices and multiplanarreconstructions capability, CT could be used to verify the internal structures of knee joint in noninvasive orless invasive way. From June ot December 1985, authors have experienced 19 cases of the knee joint CT. Among them,13 cases were operated and confirmed. We concluded as follows. 1. The diagnostic accuracy of the knee CT was 100%in lateral meniscal tearing, 92.3% in medial meniscal tearing, 92.3% in detachment of lateral collateral ligament,92.3% in medial collateral ligament, 100% in tearing of cruciate ligaments. 2. CT could be considered as a primarydiagnostic procedure in the knee pathology rather than more invasive arthrocopy or arthrography. 3. For theaccurate diagnosis of knee joint pathology, CT which can obtain thin slies, high resolution, multiplanarreconstructions is indispensable.
Anesthesia ; Arthrography ; Arthroscopy ; Collateral Ligaments ; Diagnosis ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Pathology ; Tears

Hyperhomocysteinemia has been recognized as an independent risk factor which causes atherosclerosis. The genetic mutation in MTHFR, an enzyme required for efficient homocysteine metabolism, produces a thermolabile enzyme with reduced activity. It has been suggested that thermolabile MTHFR is associated with vascular disease due to increased plasma homocysteine concentration. This study is a preliminary research for identifying the relationship between the MTHFR gene mutation and hypertensive subjects by examining the prevalence of 677 C-- Africa ; Atherosclerosis ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Genotype ; Health Services ; Homocysteine ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; Hypertension ; Metabolism ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)* ; Plasma ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Vascular Diseases

Mouse monoclonal antibody was used for this study. This study was undertaken to define the prognostic value of the expression of Cathepsin-D in 121 breast cancer patients. The results were as follows: 1) Overall, 53.7% of patients were positive for Cathepsin-D 2) Positive staining did not correlate with age, estrogen receptor status,tumor size, axillary nodal status, tumor stage, menopausal status, pathologic grade, DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction.
Animals ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; DNA ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Mice ; Ploidies

BACKGROUND: In Korean traditional medicine, human beings are classified into 4 groups accordance with the characteristics of physical constitution, named; Taeum, Taeyang, Soum, and Soyang. Most of Korean traditional doctors believe that the back ground of pathophysiology is differ among each group in many diseases. HLA is the most polymorphic gene and related with human immune response. It has been used for determination of individual identification, genetic diversity and a study of disease association in different ethnic group. It has well known that the most human inflammatory disease which thought to have some autoimmune basis are in some way promoted by genes of the HLA region. The purpose of this study is to observe the distribution of HLA-DR genotypes in 4 types of physical constitution in Korean traditional medicine. METHODS: Three hundred and ten Korean subjects(Soyang : 58cases, Soum :142cases, Taeum : 92cases, Taeyang : 18cases) were enrolled for this study. Genomic DNAs extracted by phenol/chroloform were amplified with allele specific primers and determined by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis with ethidium bromide staining for analysis of HLA-DR polymorphism. RESULTS: The genotype frequency of HLA-DR in a total or 310 Koreans was DR1 ; 7.2%, DR 2; 10.5%, DR 3;1.7%, DR 4; 19.9%, DR 5; 11.9%, DR 6;19.9%, DR 7; 7.0%, DR 8; 10.6%, DR 9; 8.7%, DR10;1.9%. There was no significant diffrence of HLA-DR genotype distribution among four physical constitution groups classified by Korean traditional medicine. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the classification of physical constitution in Korean traditional medicine is not related to HLA-DR genotypes.
Alleles ; Classification ; Constitution and Bylaws* ; DNA ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Ethidium ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; HLA-DR Antigens* ; Humans ; Medicine, Korean Traditional*

OBJECTIVES: Hyperhomocysteinemia is frequently observed in patients with chronic renal failure and represents an independent cardiovascular risk factor in these patients. Elevated homocysteine plasma levels can result from defective remethylation of homocysteine to methionine due to decreased activity of the enzyme MTHFR. A genetic aberration in the MTHFR gene (677 C to T substitution) has been shown to result in reduced MTHFR activity. We examined whether elevation of homocysteine plasma level in hemodialysis patients is influenced by the 677 C to T mutation of the MTHFR gene. METHOD: We examined MTHFR gene mutation, homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate levels of those 106 patients on maintenance hemodialysis treatment at dialysis unit of Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital. RESULTS: Of 106 patients, 17 (16.0 %) were homozygous for the mutation (VV), 63 (58.4 %) were heterozygous for the mutation (AV) and remaining 26 (24.5 %) were normal. The mean homocyteine level in (VV) genotypic patients was 39.58+/-10.6 mol/L, (AV) genotypic patients was 26.24+/-3.77 mol/L and in no mutation was 26.07+/-4.52 mol/L. There was no significant difference of homocysteine levels between polymorphisms of MTHFR gene. CONCLUSION: Our data shows that the frequency of MTHFR genotype in maintenance hemodialysis patients is similar to that of previous studies. But, there is no significant relationship between the MTHFR gene mutation and homocysteine level.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Dialysis ; Folic Acid ; Genotype ; Homocysteine* ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Methionine ; Oxidoreductases* ; Plasma ; Renal Dialysis* ; Risk Factors ; Vitamin B 12

BACKGROUND: Albuminuria is an indicator of renal impairment in patients with diabetes or hypertension. Studies on the effect of sleep duration on albuminuria in hypertension patients are limited. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between sleep duration and albuminuria in Korean hypertension patients.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, data on hypertensive patients were obtained from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2012). Participants were classified into five groups according to self-reported sleep duration. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between sleep duration and albuminuria.RESULTS: When the sleep duration was shorter than 5 hours or longer than 9 hours, the odds ratio (OR) for albuminuria was significantly higher. After adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, hemoglobin A1c, systolic blood pressure, depressive symptom, stress status, smoking status, drinking habit, triglycerides, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and body mass index, ORs (95% confidence interval) for sleep durations of ≤5 hours and ≥9 hours were 1.69 (1.14–2.51) and 2.00 (1.22–3.26), respectively.CONCLUSION: This study showed that a sleep duration of ≤5 hours or ≥9 hours was associated with the high prevalence of albuminuria in Korean hypertension patients.
Albuminuria ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression ; Drinking ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides

OBJECTIVES: Renal transplantation has become the ther apy of choice for patients suffering from end-stage renal disease. But because of progressive disparity between the number of patients in needs of a transplant and the num ber of ideal kidneys available for transplantation, increas ing numbers of kidneys are recovered for transplantation from donors that are not considered ideal, especially from donors over the age of 55. In country such as Korea, the number of cadaveric transplants is limited due to cultural and religious prejudices of the population, poor legal def inition and deficient organization of cadaveric donor work-up. Therefore the main source is living related donors(LRD), especially the parent. But in Korea, there is few reports about the influence of donor age on outcome in living related kidney transplantation. Thus we per formed this study to estimate the influence of donor age in itself on the outcome of the one HLA-haplotype mis matched living related kidney transplantation. METHODS: The effect of donor age on the outcome of One HLA-haplotype mismatched living related kidney transplantation was studied in 71 recipients who under went kidney transplantation from January 1981 to March 1995. The outcomes of 25 recipients from the older age group(> OR =55 years: Group A) and 46 recipients from the younger age group(<55 years: Group B) were retro spectively reviewed. Patient death with a functioning graft was considered graft loss. RESULTS: Demographic characteristics between 2 groups were similar. The 1-year and 3-year patient survival rates in recipients(group A and B) were similar regard less of donor age(96.0% and 90.8% vs.97.4% and 90.3%, respectively). The 1-year and 3-year graft survival rates in recipients(group A and B) were not significantly dif ferent (91.4% and 63.9% vs 92.7% and 79.3%, respec tively). The mean levels of serum creatinine at discharge were significantly higher in group A. Short-term and intermediate-term renal function, as assessed by serum creatinine, was inferior in the group A throughout the follow-up periods of 3 years. The causes of graft loss in the first 3 years after transplantation were irreversible rejection(71%) and the patient death with functioning graft(29%) in group A, while the causes of graft loss in group B were irreversible rejection(50%), patient death with a functioning graft(40%) and technical reason(10%). CONCLUSION: These results of our analysis suggest that similar outcome can be achieved after living related renal transplantation from older donor. Therefore the kid neys may be used from donors over 55 years old on con dition that the donors undergo complete and exhaustive work-up.
Cadaver ; Creatinine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney* ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Parents ; Prejudice ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Donors* ; Transplants

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) may be involved in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers through suppression of fibrinolysis. This study was designed to investigate associations of t-PA and PAI-1 genes with clinical features of the patients with bleeding gastric ulcers. Eighty-four patients with peptic ulcers and 100 controls were studied between January 1998 and April 2000. We used polymerase chain reaction and endonuclease digestion to genotype for 4G/5G polymorphism in the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene and the Alurepeat insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in intron h of the t-PA gene. Various clinical features, including lesion site, bleeding event, recurrence of ulcer, and rebleeding, were assessed using a multiple logistic regression model. The genotype distributions of both the t-PA and PAI-1 genes did not differ between the patient and control groups. The occurrence of the I/D or D/D genotype of t-PA was significantly higher in cases of duodenal ulcer (adjusted OR=4.39, 95% CI=1.12-17.21). When a dominant effect (i.e., 4G/4G or 4G/5G versus 5G/5G) of the 4G allele was assumed, the PAI-1 4G/4G genotype was independently associated with rebleeding after hemostasis (adjusted OR=5.07, 95% CI=1.03-24.87). Our data suggest that t-PA gene polymorphism is associated with duodenal ulcers, and that the PAI-1 gene may be a risk factor leading to recurrent bleeding after initial hemostasis.
Adult ; Aged ; Alu Elements/genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Duodenal Ulcer/complications ; Duodenal Ulcer/genetics* ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Human ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/etiology ; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/genetics* ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/genetics* ; Polymorphism (Genetics)* ; Promoter Regions (Genetics)/genetics ; Recurrence ; Sequence Deletion ; Stomach Ulcer/complications ; Stomach Ulcer/genetics* ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator/genetics*

A 12 years old boy was admitted with chief complaint of fever, vomiting, sweating and comatose state. Blood pressure ranged 200/150mmHg, and various tests, including 24 hour urinary VMA, regitine test, abdominal aortography and CT scan, showed pheochromocytoma on the left adrenal gland. After successful surgical removal of the tumor, he has been free of symptoms afterward. And diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was confirmed by pathologic study of the removed tumor mass.
Adrenal Glands ; Aortography ; Blood Pressure ; Child* ; Coma ; Diagnosis ; Fever ; Humans ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy* ; Male ; Phentolamine ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vomiting