No abstract available.
Evoked Potentials, Motor*

BACKGROUND: High blood pressure is prevalent in obesity and diabetes, especially noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus, and both conditions are insulin resistant state. METHOD: To test whether resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and hyperinsulinemia are involved in the pochogenesis of hypertension, author measured glucose, insulin and C-Peptide reponse after oral glucose loading in 52 cases of essential hypertension and 62 cases of normal controls who had been admitted to the ward of internal medicine, Pusan National University Hospita. RESULTS: Basal plasma glucose, insulin and C-Peptide levels in control subjects were 92.1+/-36.8mg/dl, 8.7+/-5.5microu/ml and 2.2+/-1.8ng/ml and in hypertensive subjects were 95.7+/-32.6mg/dl, 12.2+/-5.3microu/ml and 2.9+/-1.6ng/ml. The basal insulin level was markedly higher than tat of control subjets (p<0.05). The basal glucose and C-Peptide levels in hypertensive patioents were higher than controls but statistically not significant. Plasma glucose levels in time course after glucose load in hypertensive patients showed significantly higher levels in 60,90minutes than controls. Plasma insulin levels in hypertensives in 90 minutes were significantly higher. The C-Peptide levels in hypertensives showed significantly higher in each times 30,60,90,120 minutes than controls. In hypertensive patients, body weight, blood pressure levels and duration of hypertension were not significantly correlated with responses of glucose, insalin and c-peptioce. Hypertensive patients aboce the age of 50 showed significantly higher glucose levels in 60,90,120 minutes than under age of 50. CONCLUSION: These results indicate some tendency of disturbed glucose turnover or insulin-resistant state in essential hypertension. This metabolic disturbance in essential hypertension should be considered in the management of hypertensive patients.
Blood Glucose* ; Blood Pressure ; Body Weight ; Busan ; C-Peptide* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; Hypertension* ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin* ; Internal Medicine ; Obesity ; Plasma*

Leiomyomas are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the vulva, which have an extremely low incidence. Although these tumors are known a low grade tumor, they have to be removed immediately to prevent further growing and sarcomatous change in the future. We experienced a case of leiomyoma of the vulva, and reported it with a brief review of literatures.
Incidence ; Leiomyoma* ; Vulva*

OBJECTIVE: Uterine leiomyomas are the most common tumor of the uterus. But the molecular causes of uterine leiomyoma remain unclear. We conducted the current investigation in order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms in the development of uterine leiomyoma. METHODS: We employed a new and accurate reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method that involved annealing control primers (ACPs) to identify the genes that are differently expressed in uterine leiomyoma. RESULTS: Using 120 ACPs, we identified and sequenced 14 differently expressed genes (DEGs) in uterine leiomyoma compared with normal myometrium. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) searches were performed to examine the known functions of these genes associated with uterine leiomyoma. We confirmed differently expressed patterns in more cases using the RT-PCR method. We also detected two novel genes, Tenascin-X and Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor (LIFR), which had not yet been reported to have any functions associated with uterine leiomyoma. RT-PCR confirmation shows that both of these two genes are down-regulated in uterine leiomyoma. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that Tenascin-X and LIFR may play a role in the development of uterine leiomyoma. Although further studies are required to establish the precise mechanisms with which these genes are involved in the genesis of uterine leiomyoma, the present research is significant in that it is the first study which detects down-regulated novel genes in uterine leiomyoma using the ACP system.
Animals ; Female ; Leiomyoma ; Leukemia ; Leukemia Inhibitory Factor ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Receptors, OSM-LIF ; Tenascin ; Uterus

No abstract available.
Animals ; Dopamine* ; Models, Animal* ; Parkinsonian Disorders* ; Rats* ; Receptors, Dopamine*

Pseudohypoparathyroidism is a rare disease that is characterized by target cell resistance to the effects of parathyroid hormone and this disease is classified into various types depending on the phenotypic and biochemical findings. The patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism present with the clinical and biochemical features of hypoparathyroidism, but they have an increased serum level of parathyroid hormone. We experienced a case of pseudohypoparathyroidism in a 24 years old woman who had Graves' disease at that time. She had hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, an elevated serum parathyroid hormone level and a normal urinary basal cyclic AMP(adenosine monophosphate) level. She also had a normal phenotypic appearance. Therefore, she was classified as suffering with pseudohypoparathyroidism type II. The clinical and laboratory abnormalities were improved by calcium supplementation in addition to vitamin D. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pseudohypoparathyroidism combined with Graves' disease in Korea.
Calcium ; Female ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Hyperphosphatemia ; Hyperthyroidism ; Hypocalcemia ; Hypoparathyroidism ; Korea ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Pseudohypoparathyroidism ; Rare Diseases ; Stress, Psychological ; Vitamin D

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is as follows; First, to assess knowledge regarding cervical cancer, HPV and the acceptance of HPV vaccination among girls in their late teens in Seoul, Korea. Second, to find out factors affecting the acceptance of HPV vaccination. METHOD: From November to December 2006, we surveyed Ewha Womans University freshmen and third year female students of Keumran High school affiliated with Ewha Womans University. A written questionnaire was sent to 310 students and 275 students responded. The questionnaire was divided into three sections that sought information about the followings : (1) Demographic characteristics; (2) Knowledge regarding cervical Pap smear testing and cervical cancer; (3) Knowledge regarding HPV and HPV vaccines. We scored the questionnaire giving one point for each correct answer. We summed up scores of knowledge on each section and compared the scores according to the acceptance of HPV vaccination in target group. RESULTS: The mean score of knowledge regarding cervical Pap smear testing and cervical cancer, HPV and HPV vaccines were 5.31+/-1.48 and 3.11+/-2.09, respectively. None of the demographic characteristics influenced the acceptance of HPV vaccine. The level of knowledge regarding HPV and HPV vaccines significantly affected the acceptance of HPV vaccine, however, knowledge regarding cervical Pap smear testing and cervical cancer did not. CONCLUSION: This study emphasize the need for further education regarding HPV infection and HPV vaccination for improvement in HPV vaccine acceptance.
Adolescent* ; Education ; Female* ; Humans* ; Korea* ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Surveys and Questionnaire ; Seoul ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* ; Vaccination*

We have experienced a case of mucinous ductal ectasia of the pancreas. The patient visited hospital with the symptoms of acute pancreatitis. The plasma levels of amylase and lipase checked at hospital were elevated. Abdominal ultrasonography and CT scan showed cystlike, intrapancreatic defects localized in the uncinate process of pancreatic head, On duodenoscopy, bulging ampulla of Vater and patulous papillary orifice were seen. Mucin leaked out of the patulous opening. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography was performed and the localized, grape-like cyatic dilatation of the side branch of a main pancreatic duct on the uncinate process was shown. The main pancreatic duct was also dilated and had multiple filling defects in it. Whipple' s operation was performed and the histologic diagnosis was a benign intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas.
Ampulla of Vater ; Amylases ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Dilatation, Pathologic* ; Duodenoscopy ; Head ; Humans ; Lipase ; Mucins* ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatitis* ; Plasma ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

There are several methods with which 6-hydroxy-dopamine is injected into the nigrostriatal pathway in rats for making models of Parkinson's disease. One is a complete lesion model in which A9 and A10 dopamine cells are destroyed, and the other one is a partial lesion model in which only A9 dopamine cells are destroyed. The aim of this study is to establish the model most suitable for transplantation of neural tissue. First, the behavioral change was investigated after dopamine releasing(amphetamine) or dopamine agonist(apomorphine) substances were injected. And then, immunohistochemical staining for tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) of the striatum and the substantia nigra was performed. Sixteen complete lesion models of Brundin, 4 complete lesion models of Perese, and 5 partial lesion models of Perese were made. The rotation response to amphetamine injection(5mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was checked 2 weeks after lesion making. For 6 rats, which showed rotation more than 7 turns/minute with amphetamine, the rotation response to subcutaneous injection of apomorphine was examined. Five complete lesion model of Brundin, 1 partial lesion model of Perese and 4 complete lesion model of Perese demonstrated rotation above 7 turns/minute in amphetamine test. Immunohistochemical staining of substantia nigra and corpus striatum for TH was faint on the lesioned side in rats which showed rotation above 7 turns/min in amphetaine-induced rotation test, irrespective of the kinds of model, while those ares of the normal side showed dense staining for TH. However, the results of immunohistochemical staining did not coincide with the results of rotation test by apomorphine.
Amphetamine ; Animals ; Apomorphine ; Corpus Striatum ; Dopamine ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Models, Animal* ; Oxidopamine* ; Parkinson Disease* ; Rats* ; Substantia Nigra ; Tyrosine

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical indications and incidence of emergency peripartum hysterectomy by dermographic characteristics by a retrospective review based on hospital data of 98 patients over 8 years. METHODS: We reviewed their medical records of the 98 cases of peripartum hysterectomy among 50,338 deliveries, from January. 1992 to December. 1999, at St Mary, Kang Nam St Mary, and Holy Family hospital of Catholic University. RESULTS: The total incidence of peripartum hysterectomy was 98/50,338 (0.19%), Cesarean hysterectomy was performed in 96 of 22,561 Cesarean sections (0.43%) and in 2 of 27,777 vaginal deliveries (0.01%). The higher the age, the higher incidence of peripartum hysterectomy was noted and the most common indication for hysterectomy was abnormal adherent placentation (45.48%) followed by uterine atony (39.80%). During peripartum hysterectomy, patients were transfused with mean 10.04 pints. Although one maternal death occurred, maternal morbidity remained high (51.02%), including postoperative febrile condition in 15 (15.3%), intraoperative urologic injury in 11 patients (11.2%). CONCLUSION: There is a strong association between advancing age and incidence of peripartum hysterectomy. The data identify abnormal adherent placentation as the primary cause for peripartum hysterectomy and then considering the mean volume of blood loss more than 10 pints of blood should be prepared before emergency hysterectomy.
Cesarean Section ; Emergencies* ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Incidence ; Maternal Death ; Medical Records ; Peripartum Period* ; Placentation ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Inertia