Objective:To study the factors influencing the amplification of sequence-related amplified polymorphism(SRAP) system in Carthamus tinctorius L.and to establish a stable SRAP reaction system,laying a foundation for molecular marker assistant breeding of Carthamus tinctorius L.Methods: Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide method was used to extract the genomic DNA of Carthamus tinctorius L..Twenty-seven tests with 3 factors at 3 levels were designed,the conditions including Taq polymerase concentrations(0.02,0.04,0.06 U/?l),dNTP concentrations(0.15,0.25,0.30 mmol/L)and Primer concentrations(0.15,0.30,0.45 ?mol/L);another 8 tests were designed based on the single factor of Mg~(2+) concentrations(0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5 and 4.0 mmol/L).Twenty ng DNA template was added into 25 ?l SRAP reaction system;the system was optimized and agarose electrophoresis was used for determination.Results: A SRAP reaction system for Carthamus tinctorius L.was established.In a 25 ?l reaction system,Taq polymerase was 0.02 U/?l,dNTP was 0.25 mmol/L,Primer was 0.30 ?mol/L,and Mg~(2+) was 3.0 mmol/L.Target bands increased after optimization,with good reproducibility,and the amplification results were satisfactory.Conclusion: The SRAP reaction system in this experiment is suitable for analysis of Carthamus tinctorius L.

Introduction: Many new objective tests to assess the function of specific structures of the vestibular organ are currently adopted in vestibular clinics. One of the objective assessments include the video head impulse test (vHIT) where gain & velocity responses of eye relative to the head movements are recorded using an infrared camera. Methods: Thirty normal hearing subjects age between 18 to 25 years old participated in this study. At least ten Lateral, Left Anterior Right Posterior (LARP), and Right Anterior Left Posterior (RALP) responses were recorded for each participant by making small and rapid unpredictable head movements. Results: The average velocity gain for Lateral responses at 40 ms, 60 ms and 80 ms were 1.05 ± 0.003, 1.03 ± 0.002 and 1.01 ± 0.003 respectively. The LARP average velocity regression were 1.01 ± 0.24 for Left Anterior and 1.05 ± 0.25 for Right Posterior, with an average gain asymmetry of 5.13%. The RALP average velocity regression were 1.08 ± 0.31 for Right Anterior and 1.12 ± 0.30 for Left Posterior, with an average gain asymmetry of 5.87%. One sample T-test were conducted to compare Lateral responses to a previous study by Mossman et al. (2015) where significant differences in velocity gain at 60 ms and 80 ms between studies were found where, t (59) = 5.56, p <0.01 and t (59) = 2.86, p < 0.01 respectively. Conclusion: This indicates the importance of establishing on-site norms for every clinical settings as techniques used and equipment differences could affect the results.

Aframomum melegueta (Zingiberaceae) seeds are used in West Africa, as a remedy for variety of ailments such as stomach ache, snakebite, diarrhea and anti-inflammatory properties. The hypoglycaemic effects of crude leaf extract of Aframomum melegueta on the treatment of alloxan induced diabetes in male rats and non-diabetic rats (control) were examined in this study. Results obtained from the experiment showed that the elevated blood glucose level caused by oral administration of 250 mg / kg body weight of alloxan was reduced significantly (p < 0.01) by oral administration of Aframomum melegueta leaf extract doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg with the exception of 20 mg/kg when compared to control groups. The non-diabetic groups that received the extract showed reduction in blood sugar level as the dose increases when compared to their control group. There was a final weight gain and organ restoration for both the diabetic and non-diabetic rats after treatment when compared with their controls. This study showed that the extract have hypoglycemic and prophylactic effects.

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Epilepsy*

This study was carried out to evaluate environmental factors at Ha Nam General Hospital. The result showed that: about 640 kg of solid waste is generated everyday of which 22% is toxic. The equipments and infrastructure are under ability for treating this waste. Almost of the microclimatic parameters are in the normal value, but the illumination is a little low. The physical and chemical parameters in supplied water at the hospital are within the permitted standard. The hospital need to equip tools and equipment for collecting, transportation and treatment this waste according to the standards of Viet Nam Ministry of Health, standard waste bins
Environment, Sanitation

A study of environmental sanitation in Bac Ninh General Hospital was carried out in 2004 with certain objects: 145 patients and their relatives, 37 people living near the hospital, 35 health workers, and 5 managers of the hospital… The hospital delivered about 1570 kg of waste daily; 340 kg of them was dangerous and must be treated in special way. The hospital implemented medical solid waste management and treatment well; the incinerator had worked effectively in making the hospital’s environment fresh. The medical solid waste treatment system of this hospital was a good sample
Sanitation, Environment

Procalcitonin (PCT), a precursor of hormone calcitonin, is used as an indicator of bacterial infections in recent years. PCT plays an important role in early identiifcation of pathogens, evaluation of the severity of infection, medication guidance and prognosis judgment in children with community acquired pneumonia.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the ultrastructural features combined with the expression of connexin ( Cx43 ) protein in uterine junction zone and pathogenesis of adenomyosis.Methods From Nov. 2008 to Nov. 2009, 30 patients with adenomyosis (including 14 cases with proliferative endometrium and 16 cases with secretory endometrium) as study group matched with 30 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (GIN) Ⅲ treated by hysterectomy as control group were enrolled in this study in Affiliated Hospital to Inner Mongolia Medical College. The expression of Cx43 in uterine junction zone of patients with adenomyosis was detected by immunohistochemisty staining. The ultrastucture of eutopic endometrium, uterine junction zone and outer 1/3 myometrium in both groups without history of dilatation and curettage, C-section and uterine surgery were observed by using transmission electron microscopy. Results ( 1 )The expression of Cx43 in proliferative and secretroy uterine junction zone were 0.133 ±0.018 and 0.137 ± 0.021 in study group and 0.154 ±0.016 and 0.141 ±0.018 in control group,which reached statistical difference (P ＜0.05). However, it didn't show significant expression of Cx43 between proliferative and secretory uterine junction zone in study or control group ( P ＞ 0.05 ). The expression of Cx43 in proliferative and secretory of eutopic endometrium of 0.067 ± 0.017 and 0.062 ± 0142 in study group were significantly lower than 0.094 ±0.005 and 0.080 ±0.005 in control group. It didn't show statistical difference of Cx43 expression between proliferative and secretroy eutopic endometrium in both group. The expression Cx43 in outer myometrium of proliferative phase were 0.184 ± 0.022 in study group and 0.188 ± 0.028 in control group, which did not show significant difference (P ＞0.05). It also did not exhibit statistical difference of Cx43 expression in outer myometrium of secretory phase (0.178 ± 0.022,0.191 ± 0.025,P ＞0.05). (2) Morphological changes: the area of uterine smooth muscle cells of the uterine junction zone of (24. 3 ± 1.6) μm2 in study group were significantly increased than (21.8 ±2.0)μm2 in control group (P ＜ 0.01 ). The length of the cell membrane dense plaques of (1.07 ± 0. 17 )μm in study group was significantly increased than (0.71 ±0.07) μm in control group (P ＜0.01 ). The myocytes exhibited cellular hypertrophy and disordered arrangement and fewer caveolae. There was cylindrical and dentate, chromatin margination, more heterochromatin in which muscle cells of nuclear surface of the uterine junction zone. Less cytoplasmic myofilaments and more intermediate filaments. Mitochondria were increased,the volume increased significantly vacuolization. The rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus were more prominent. Otherewise, mast cells and fibroblasts were close and glandular epithelial cells showed desmosome connection which villus thickening and dense. All features were more prominent at the junctional zone. Conclusions The down-regulation of Cx43 expression and ultrastructure changes in the junction zone might play an important role in pathogenesis of adenomyosis.

Objective To study the inhibiting effects of phellinus igniarius extractive (PLE) on tumor growth of tumor-bearing mice in vivo, and the direct inhibiting action to human tumor in vitro. Methods ①Models of hepatoma,sarcoma, lung cancer in mice were established. Experiments in studying the effect of PLE on the above three animal models were repeated for three times. ②The suppression of cellular growth of human tumor was detected by MTT assay. Results PLE (250.500 and 1000 mg/kg, ig, d1 to d11) could inhibit the growth of H22 tumor cells in mice at the inhibitory rate of 57%,63% and 46%,respectively; slow down the growth of S180 tumor cells in mice at the inhibitory rate of 27.9%, 75%, and 31.2%,respectively; suppress the growth of Lewis lung cancer in mice at the inhibitory rate of 57.1%, 54.5%, 45.9%; and hold back the proliferation of MCF7 cells and OVCA2780 cells (P＜0.01). Conclusion PLE (250.500 and 1000 mg/kg, ig, d1 to d11)could inhibit the growth of H22 tumor cells, S 180 tumor cells, and Lewis lung cancer in mice. PLE could significantly reduce the proliferation of MCF7 cells and OVCA2780 cells (P＜0.05).

A cross-sectional study was undertaken to evaluate if outpatient administration of in-travenous iron sucrose complex (Venofer) was a sensible option in treating iron defi-ciency anaemia during pregnancy and puerperium. A total of 120 patients with iron deficiency anaemia were recruited from the Obstetric Day Care Clinic at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) over 18 months from March 2003 to August 2004. The main outcome measures were haemoglobin increment, patients’ compliance, adverse effects and saving from hospitalization fees. The pre-treatment haemoglobin (Hb) level was 8.5+0.85g/dl for the antenatal patient and 7.6+0.80 g/dl in the post-partum group. The mean post-treatment haemoglobin increment at day four-teenth was 3.52+0.75g/dl. One patient developed skin rash while another had low-grade pyrexia. Seven patients experienced mild metallic taste. There were no serious side effects or anaphylactic reactions. Ten patients (8.3%) did not complete their ther-apy - eight delivered before completion of treatment; another two defaulted following delivery. The average number of Venofer used was seven ampoules i.e. 700mg per person, most of them required three sessions to complete the course. Outpatient treatment allows each patient to save hospitalization fees of RM45 per day, which to-talled up to RM135 for a 3-days ward stay. An estimation of RM16,200 hospitalization fees for the 120 patients was avoided during the study period. In conclusion, outpatient treatment of anaemia in pregnancy and post-partum period using Venofer was safe and feasible, with high patient compliant and cost-savings from hospitalization fees.