Objective:To study the factors influencing the amplification of sequence-related amplified polymorphism(SRAP) system in Carthamus tinctorius L.and to establish a stable SRAP reaction system,laying a foundation for molecular marker assistant breeding of Carthamus tinctorius L.Methods: Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide method was used to extract the genomic DNA of Carthamus tinctorius L..Twenty-seven tests with 3 factors at 3 levels were designed,the conditions including Taq polymerase concentrations(0.02,0.04,0.06 U/?l),dNTP concentrations(0.15,0.25,0.30 mmol/L)and Primer concentrations(0.15,0.30,0.45 ?mol/L);another 8 tests were designed based on the single factor of Mg~(2+) concentrations(0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5 and 4.0 mmol/L).Twenty ng DNA template was added into 25 ?l SRAP reaction system;the system was optimized and agarose electrophoresis was used for determination.Results: A SRAP reaction system for Carthamus tinctorius L.was established.In a 25 ?l reaction system,Taq polymerase was 0.02 U/?l,dNTP was 0.25 mmol/L,Primer was 0.30 ?mol/L,and Mg~(2+) was 3.0 mmol/L.Target bands increased after optimization,with good reproducibility,and the amplification results were satisfactory.Conclusion: The SRAP reaction system in this experiment is suitable for analysis of Carthamus tinctorius L.

Introduction: Many new objective tests to assess the function of specific structures of the vestibular organ are currently adopted in vestibular clinics. One of the objective assessments include the video head impulse test (vHIT) where gain & velocity responses of eye relative to the head movements are recorded using an infrared camera. Methods: Thirty normal hearing subjects age between 18 to 25 years old participated in this study. At least ten Lateral, Left Anterior Right Posterior (LARP), and Right Anterior Left Posterior (RALP) responses were recorded for each participant by making small and rapid unpredictable head movements. Results: The average velocity gain for Lateral responses at 40 ms, 60 ms and 80 ms were 1.05 ± 0.003, 1.03 ± 0.002 and 1.01 ± 0.003 respectively. The LARP average velocity regression were 1.01 ± 0.24 for Left Anterior and 1.05 ± 0.25 for Right Posterior, with an average gain asymmetry of 5.13%. The RALP average velocity regression were 1.08 ± 0.31 for Right Anterior and 1.12 ± 0.30 for Left Posterior, with an average gain asymmetry of 5.87%. One sample T-test were conducted to compare Lateral responses to a previous study by Mossman et al. (2015) where significant differences in velocity gain at 60 ms and 80 ms between studies were found where, t (59) = 5.56, p <0.01 and t (59) = 2.86, p < 0.01 respectively. Conclusion: This indicates the importance of establishing on-site norms for every clinical settings as techniques used and equipment differences could affect the results.

Aframomum melegueta (Zingiberaceae) seeds are used in West Africa, as a remedy for variety of ailments such as stomach ache, snakebite, diarrhea and anti-inflammatory properties. The hypoglycaemic effects of crude leaf extract of Aframomum melegueta on the treatment of alloxan induced diabetes in male rats and non-diabetic rats (control) were examined in this study. Results obtained from the experiment showed that the elevated blood glucose level caused by oral administration of 250 mg / kg body weight of alloxan was reduced significantly (p < 0.01) by oral administration of Aframomum melegueta leaf extract doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg with the exception of 20 mg/kg when compared to control groups. The non-diabetic groups that received the extract showed reduction in blood sugar level as the dose increases when compared to their control group. There was a final weight gain and organ restoration for both the diabetic and non-diabetic rats after treatment when compared with their controls. This study showed that the extract have hypoglycemic and prophylactic effects.

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Epilepsy*

This study was carried out to evaluate environmental factors at Ha Nam General Hospital. The result showed that: about 640 kg of solid waste is generated everyday of which 22% is toxic. The equipments and infrastructure are under ability for treating this waste. Almost of the microclimatic parameters are in the normal value, but the illumination is a little low. The physical and chemical parameters in supplied water at the hospital are within the permitted standard. The hospital need to equip tools and equipment for collecting, transportation and treatment this waste according to the standards of Viet Nam Ministry of Health, standard waste bins
Environment, Sanitation

A study of environmental sanitation in Bac Ninh General Hospital was carried out in 2004 with certain objects: 145 patients and their relatives, 37 people living near the hospital, 35 health workers, and 5 managers of the hospital… The hospital delivered about 1570 kg of waste daily; 340 kg of them was dangerous and must be treated in special way. The hospital implemented medical solid waste management and treatment well; the incinerator had worked effectively in making the hospital’s environment fresh. The medical solid waste treatment system of this hospital was a good sample
Sanitation, Environment

Objective To improve the diagnosis of rectal villous tumors by analyzing MRI images.Methods MRI images of 15 patients with rectal villous tumors which had been surgically resected were reviewed retrospectively(9 cases of tubulovillous adenomas,6 cases of villous adenomas).Results Among 15 lesions,7 patients with villous tumors were characterized villous-like mass with wide stem,5 patients were nodular in shape,3 patients were papillary mass,and all of 15 patients showed hypointence on T1 WI,and slightly hypointence on T2WI.On DWI,9 lesions showed low signal in center of tumor and with significant increasing signal at the boundaries of the lesion,and other 6 patients showed slightly hyperintence homogeneously.On enhanced MRI,7 patients with villous tumors showed frond pattern enhancement,5 patients showed slightly homogeneous enhancement,and 3 patients showed cerebriform pattern enhancement.11 lesions had focal dysplasia varying degrees and 4 lesions had focal carcinomatous invasion which were greater than 3 cm in diameter,in which MRI revealed villous-like in shape with frond pattern enhancement in 2 lesions,and papillary shape with cerebriform enhancement in the other 2 lesions.Conclusion MRI appearances of rectal villous tumors are variable.MRI helps with the identification of specific features of rectal villous tumors and malignant degeneration.

A cross-sectional study was undertaken to evaluate if outpatient administration of in-travenous iron sucrose complex (Venofer) was a sensible option in treating iron defi-ciency anaemia during pregnancy and puerperium. A total of 120 patients with iron deficiency anaemia were recruited from the Obstetric Day Care Clinic at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) over 18 months from March 2003 to August 2004. The main outcome measures were haemoglobin increment, patients’ compliance, adverse effects and saving from hospitalization fees. The pre-treatment haemoglobin (Hb) level was 8.5+0.85g/dl for the antenatal patient and 7.6+0.80 g/dl in the post-partum group. The mean post-treatment haemoglobin increment at day four-teenth was 3.52+0.75g/dl. One patient developed skin rash while another had low-grade pyrexia. Seven patients experienced mild metallic taste. There were no serious side effects or anaphylactic reactions. Ten patients (8.3%) did not complete their ther-apy - eight delivered before completion of treatment; another two defaulted following delivery. The average number of Venofer used was seven ampoules i.e. 700mg per person, most of them required three sessions to complete the course. Outpatient treatment allows each patient to save hospitalization fees of RM45 per day, which to-talled up to RM135 for a 3-days ward stay. An estimation of RM16,200 hospitalization fees for the 120 patients was avoided during the study period. In conclusion, outpatient treatment of anaemia in pregnancy and post-partum period using Venofer was safe and feasible, with high patient compliant and cost-savings from hospitalization fees.

Objective to explore the correlation between interferon-γ receptor(IFNGR)2 amino acid sites Val14Met and GIn64Arg polymorphism and atherosclerosis plaque stability in Yunnan Han nationality.Methods The patients with unstable atherosclerotic plaque in our hospital from March 2014 to March 2015 were collected as the observation group and contemporaneous patients with stable atherosclerotic plaque/non-plaque as the control group.The peripheral venous blood was collected for extracting genomic DNA.IFNGR Va114Met and GIn64Arg loci genotype was detected by the PCR product direct sequencing method.The sequencing results were analyzed by adopting the DNAStar and GeneTool software.The levels of plasma cytokines(IFN-γ)was detected by the flow cytometry.Results Two hundreds and four native Han patients were included in this study,including the observation group,109 cases,age(76.89±12.08)years old;the control group,95 cases,age(65.99±16.32)years old.The polymorphism change of IFNGR1 Vall4Met loci was not found irn the two groups.In the observation group,the frequency of IFNGR2 Gln64Arg genotype AA was 51.95％(40/77),which of AGwas 53.06 ％(52/98)and which of GG was 58.62％(17/29);in the control group,the frequencies were 48.05 ％ (37/77),46.94 ％ (46/98) and 41.38 ％ (12/29),chi-square test,P =0.824.The IFNGR2 Gln64Arg genotypes AA,AG and GG had no relation with atherosclerotic plaque stability.The A and G allele frequencies in the observation group were 52.38％ (132/252)and 55.13 ％ (86/156)respectively,which of the control group were 47.62 ％ (120/252)and 44.87％ (70/156),chi-square test's P=0.661.The IFNGR2 Gln64Arg A/G allele had no relation with atherosclerotic plaque stability.By Hardy-Weinberg genetic balance test,the gene frequency in this sample population was in accordance with the genetic equilibrium law.The plasma IFN-γ level in the observation group was(4.60 ± 1.91)ng/mL,which in the control group was (4.88 ± 2.10)ng/ mL,the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.318);the plasma IFN-γ content had no relation with atherosclerotic plaque stability(P=0.308).Conclusion The genetic polymorphisms of IFNGR can not serve as a warning indicator of atherosclerotic plaque stability.

Objective To investigate the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells(rMSCs) of young rat into neuron-like cells with Ligustrazin hydrochloride. Methods rMSCs were separated from femurs marrow flushed out with DMEM(low glucose) by using a needle and syringe, then planted in plastic culture flask. Through expanded to 5 passages, rMSCs were induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells with Ligustrazin hydrochloride. Anti-neurofilament(NF-M), nestin, neuron-specific enolase(NSE), MAP-2,GAP-43 and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) antibodies were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results rMSCs were comprised a single phenotypic population and displayed a fibroblast-like morphology after 5 passage in culture. With 10*!?g/L bFGF pre-induce for 24*!h, then the medium was replaced with induction medium containing Ligustrazin hydrochloride. The induced-rMSCs exhibited neuronal morphological characteristics from the first half an hour to 5*!h. The neuron-like cells expressed NF-M, NSE, MAP-2,GAP-43 and nestin positive, but didn't express glial astrocyte marker GFAP.Conclusion rMSCs can be induced to differentiate into neuron like cells with Ligustrazin hydrochloride in vitro.