Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in primary breast carcinoma and to determine whether such expression can predict survival. Methods: Expression of BCRP in 60 breast cancer patients was determined by immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor section. The relationship between the expression of BCRP with the clinicphathological characteristics and the prognosis of breast cancer patients were also analyzed. Results: ①BCRP expression was observed in 21 of 60 (35%) cases.② BCRP expression was more frequently observed in patients with lymph node metastasis or hormone receptor (P 0. 05) .③Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that BCRP expression associated only with disease-free survival (DFS) (P 0. 05) . ④In univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, tumor size, lymph node metastasis and estrogen receptor (ER) was associated with DFS and OS (P

One-and-a-half syndrome with facial diplegia, also referred to as the fifteen-and-a-half syndrome, is an extremely rare clinical entity caused by involvement of bilateral tegmentum of pons. Herein, we report a 52-year-old male who presented with one-and-a-half syndrome with left facial paralysis, which was consistent with the so-called eight-and-a-half syndrome. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed pontine infarction. Five days after initiation of antiplatelet therapy, the patient developed right facial paralysis, a diagnosis of fifteen-and-a-half syndrome was made, repeat MR imaging revealed bilateral pontine tegmentum infarction. Fifteen-and-a-half syndrome is a newly proposed concept associated with pontine infarction. The clinicoradiological features of this specific disease are as yet unclear due to its extreme rarity. The current case would help advance the current understanding of the disease spectrum of pontine infarction.

Objective To explore the correlation between non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.Methods HCV infection of 208 NHL patients was investigated from the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University.Patients with leukemia or other tumors,and healthy people were used as the control and were pair matched on age and gender.ELISA method was used to detect the HCV-antibody in serum.Results HCV-antibody positive rate in NHL patients [11.5 ％ (24/208)] was significantly higher than those in leukemia patients [3.8 ％ (8/208)] (x2 =8.667,P =0.003),patients with other tumors (6/208,2.9 ％) (x2 =11.639,P =0.001) and healthy people [1.0 ％ (2/208)] (x2 =19.856,P =0.000).Conclusion HCV infection is related to NHL in Henan area.

Objective To understand and analyse the epidemic status of human intestinal nematode infection in Jiangsu Province, so as to provide basis for making control measures. Methods The typical thirty-nine spots in thirteen counties among the sampling spots of National Investigation on Distribution of Human Parasites in 1990 were selected and investigated according to the Methods of National Investigation Scheme on Human Principal Parasites in 2004. Results The total prevalence was 3.88%, which decreased by 46.92% compared with the investigation in 2002 (7.31%). The infection rates of hookworm, Ascaris and Trichuris were 1.14%, 1.06% and 1.73%, respectively, and the proportion of light infection was 91.75%. The rate of multiple infections was 9.40%. The proportion of hookworm infection was 78.06% in Southern Jiangsu and the proportion of Ascaris or Trichuris was 89.03% in Northern Jiangsu. The infection rate of Enterobius was 3.72% among children aged less than 12 years. Conclusions The prevalence of intestinal nematodes has decreased to lower level in Jiangsu Province. The difference of prevalence in different regions has a relationship with the disease control and social-economic, culture and health levels. The principal control work should be still put in the northern part of Jiangsu Province. The preschool children and the middle and old age peasants are high-risk population. The different control measures should be taken in accordance with the situation of different regions in the future.

Objective: To investigate the effects of dendritic cells(DCs) loaded with tumor antigens on the proliferation and antitumor activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro . Methods:DCs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with HCC were loaded with autologous tumor lysate(Tuly) to generate DC-Tuly and then the DC-Tuly was co-cultured with autologous TILs in low concentration of IL-2. TILs were counted, and the phenotypes of DCs and TILs were assayed by FCM and the cytotoxicity of TILs was determined with LDH method. The concentration of cytokines in TILs culture supernatant such as IFN-? and TNF-? was detected by ELISA . Results: The expression levels of CD1a, CD80, CD83,CD86, CD40, HLA-DR molecules on the DC-Tuly are notably increased( P

To examine the actual clinical diagnosis capability,the import of computer-based case simulations ( CCS ) technology in medical education is very important.The CCS examination system that integrated the ASP.NET and CCS technology can simulate doctor's clinical course more realistically and realize the students' practical skills evaluation.The system has a good prospect in medical education and clinical skills training.

Background and purpose:Thermal ablation (radiofrequency ablation, RFA/microwave ablation, MWA) is the most commonly used minimally invasive technique for the treatment of liver cancer. Real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) is a new type of ultrasonic imaging technology, which was used in our study to monitor thermal ablation of liver cancer. This study aimed to investigate the stiffness change of liver cancer and that of surrounding liver parenchyma before and after thermal ablation, and to evaluate the application of SWE for monitoring thermal ablation for liver cancer.Methods:From Oct. 2014 to Apr. 2015, a total number of 36 patients, with 39 lesions, were treated with RFA or MWA and got complete response. SWE examination was performed before and after ablation. The SWE-mean, SWE-min, SWE-max, SWE-SD of lesions and the surrounding liver parenchyma were measured. Statistical analysis was made to compare the stiffness changes of liver cancer with those of the surrounding liver parenchyma before and after thermal ablation, and to determine whether there were differences between two different ablation modes.Results:Before and after ablation, the SWE-mean of lesions was (30.09±11.67) kPavs (52.11±17.56) kPa,SWE-min was (10.46±8.22) kPavs (20.57±11.42) kPa, SWE-max was (51.50±20.84) kPavs (88.54±27.75) kPa, SWE-SD was (10.63±4.30) kPavs (16.89±7.72) kPa; There were statistically signiifcant differences (P<0.05). Before and after ablation, the SWE-mean of surrounding liver parenchyma was (8.84±2.82) kPavs (8.91±2.78) kPa, SWE-min was (4.77±1.95) kPavs (4.69±1.90) kPa, SWE-max was (13.82±3.79) kPavs (14.34±3.97) kPa, SWE-SD was (3.24±1.32) kPavs (3.37±1.29) kPa; There were no statistically signiifcant differences (P>0.05). After ablation, the SWE-mean of RFA and MWA was (45.55±10.91) kPavs (60.59±20.99) kPa, SWE-min was (18.95±8.86) kPavs (25.93±10.93) kPa, SWE-max was (76.58±15.51) kPavs (104.01±32.59) kPa, SWE-SD was (13.82±3.52) kPavs (20.85±9.77) kPa; There were statistically signiifcant differences (P<0.05).Conclusion:SWE can quantitively analyze the stiffness of lesions. The ablation zone became stiffer after RFA or MWA, and the ablation zone of MWA was stiffer than that of RFA. Two kinds of ablation methods did not signiifcantly affect the stiffness of liver parenchyma around the lesion. SWE could potentially be used to monitor thermal ablation of liver cancer.

Objective To observe the efficacy of Mimics finite element analysis software in the gasserian ganglion radiofrequency treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Methods 180 cases with primary trigeminal neuralgia and VAS score ≥8 were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 90 each): CT group (group C) and Mimics group (group M). The preoperative skull CT image of the foramen of cranial base could be analyzed in group C. The preoperative cranial CT image could be reconstructed and analyzed by Mimics finite element analysis software in group M. The puncturing success rate, complications rate and the outcomes between two groups were recorded. Results The puncturing success rates were 100% in group M and 92% in group C (P < 0.05). 6 cases with hematoma and 1 case, which were stabbed into the oral cavity were found in group C. No puncture complication was found in group G. There was no statistically significant between the two groups (P < 0.05). The VAS score was 1.6 ± 0.3 in group C and 1.3 ± 0.4 in group G, there was no statistical significance (P > 0.05) between them. Conclusions The Mimics finite element analysis software could improve the success rate of basicranial foramen ovale puncture and reduce the occurrence rate of puncture complications. Therefore , it could be safely applied to the treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia by gasserian ganglion radio frequency.

Objective To understand the distribution,variance and dynamics of Oncomelania snails in the water system of the Bianmin River after the river bank being protected with concrete.Methods The snails in the water system of the Bianmin River were investigated with the systemic sampling method and environmental spot-checking method in spring from 2002 to 2005.The indexes including area with snails,area with infected snails,rate of frames with snails,density of living snails and infection rate of snails in different environments were collected,analyzed and compared year by year.Results From 2002 to 2005,in the main river of the water system of the Bianmin River,irrigation areas and the adjacent marshlands of the Yangtze River,the areas with snails were 20.94-31.88,39.30-48.08 hm2 and 275.13-292.31 hm2,respectively;the rates of frames with snails were 9.96%-21.88%,29.61%-58.54% and 62.14%-85.97%,respectively;the mean densities of snails were 0.97-1.86,0.92-3.96 snails/0.1 m2 and 7.72-11.15 snails/0.1 m2.In 2005,in the main river,irrigation areas and the adjacent marshlands,the rates of frames with snails were 21.88%,39.33% and 83.81%,respectively;the densities of living snails were 1.30,3.96 snails/0.1 m2 and 11.15 snails/0.1 m2.During the last four years,the rates of frames with snails increased quickly in the main river of the water system of the Bianmin River;the densities of snails increased by 4 times in the irrigation areas;the indexes mentioned above were stable in the adjacent marshlands of the Yangtze River.However,the rate of frames with snails in the marshlands was 2-3 times higher than that in the irrigation areas and the mean density of snails in the marshlands was 3-8 times higher than that in the irrigation areas.Conclusions The main factor causing the increase of snails is that the river beach has not been cleaned yet in the water system of the Bianmin River,and so the key of schistosomiasis control is that first,the river beach should be cleaned completely,and at the same time,strengthening the snail control in the irrigation areas and the snail surveillance and snail control with molluscicides in the outfalls of the rivers of the water system of the Bianmin River to the Yangtze River.

Objective To evaluate the mid-term effectiveness of the medium-and-long-term programme of the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province. Methods The programme was carried out in Jiangsu Province and the comprehensive measures relied mainly on snail control, detection and chemotherapy of schistosomiasis for residents and livestock. The mid-term effectiveness of the programme was observed and evaluated longitudinally. Results The coverage rate of snail control areas and the ratio of chemotherapy of schistosomiasis for residents and livestock rose year after year. The snail areas, the infected snail areas and the infection rate of schistosome for residents and livestock reduced year after year. There were negative correlations between the coverage rates of snail control and the infected snail areas, the number of settings with infected snails, the infection rate of schistosome for residents, the infection rate of schistosome for livestock and the morbidity of acute schistosomiasis, respectively (rInfected snail areas=-0.897,P=0.039;rNo. of settings with infected snail=-0.937,P=0.019;rInfection rate for residents=-0.913,P=0.031;rInfection rate for livestock=-0.991,P=0.001;rMorbidity of acute schistosomiasis=-0.894,P=0.041). There were negative correlations between the ratio of chemotherapy of schistosomiasis for residents and the infected snail areas, and between the ratio of chemotherapy of schistosomiasis for livestock and the infected snail areas (rRatio of chemotherapy for residents =-0.965,P=0.008;rRatio of chemotherapy for livestock=-0.921,P=0.027). There were negative correlations between the funds of schistosomiasis control and the infection rate of schistosome for residents livestock, respectively (rInfection rate for residents=-0.897,P=0.039;rInfection rate for livestock=-0.971,P=0.006). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that there were the linearity relationships between the infection rate of schistosome for residents and the coverage rates of snail control, and between the infection rate of schistosome for livestock and the coverage rates of snail control, and between the morbidity of acute schistosomiasis and the coverage rates of snail control. Conclusions The effect of the comprehensive strategy of schistosomiasis control which relies mainly on snail control, detection and chemotherapy of schistosomiasis for residents and livestock are remarkable. The snail control and chemotherapy are effective and immediate. The increased funds would be essential guarantee for control and elimination of schistosomiasis.