DREEM inventory developed by Dundee University in England was used to measure medical education environment of Medical University of China. It was found that the total perception of educational environment and the perception of teachers and learning of female students were higher than those of male students, but female students' confidence was lower than male students'. In this article the authors will express their own opinions on these problems and propose appropriate countermeasures.

Disability insurance is one of main component of isurance. This paper made comparison of disability standard of insurance among some countries and regions and drawn serveal chracteristics. With the review of Chinese Disability Standard for Insurance (1998 version),implications and strategies had been proposed for further revision.

The management of frailty in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been receiving increasing attention.Frailty in elderly patients with CKD has a high incidence and is used for risk prediction of adverse outcomes,including death,hospitalization,falls,dialysis and so on.A range of pathophysiological changes caused by CKD,aging and multimorbidity work together to promote the development of frailty.Treatment for CKD patients with frailty includes mainly nutritional support,exercise,drug therapy and comprehensive intervention.This article reviews recent research progress concerning frailty in elderly CKD patients.

AIM:To compare the efficacy of three types of eye care (artificial tear, moist chamber and polyethylene covers) for preventing exposure keratopathy in intensive care patients.METHODS: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients were randomly divided to three treatment groups, including artificial tear group(29 cases), moist chamber group (27 cases) and polyethylene covers group (28 cases). Patients in artificial tear group received two drops of carboxymethylcellulose dropped to each eye every 2 hours. The moist chamber and polyethylene covers groups were changed every 12 hours or as needed if they became unclean or torn. Corneal fluorescein stain was performed daily.RESULTS:No one in the polyethylene covers group and one case(4%) in the moist chamber group had exposure keratopathy compared to 8 cases (28%) in the artificial tear group. There were statistical significance differences between both artificial tear group and moist chamber group (P=0.02), artificial tear group and polyethylene covers group (P=0.003). Everyday time of eye care in the artificial tear group, the moist chamber group and the polyethylene covers group was respectively 26.69±2.39, 35.33±2.63 and 7.48±0.87 minutes. Everyday time of eye care in the polyethylene covers group was statistically more time-saving than that in the artificial tear group (P<0.01) and the moist chamber group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Polyethylene covers are more effective and time-saving in reducing the incidence of corneal damage in intensive care patients.

Recent reports have indicated that Statins could remarkably improve the prognosis of patients suffered from coronary artery disease.And this effect is not only due to Statin's lipid-regulating function,but also correlated to its non-lipid-regulating action.Atorvastatin is the latest kind of statins.In this article,we specified the non-lipid-regulating effect of Atorvastatin in the prevention and therapy to coronary artery disease.Furthermore,we summarized its corresponding clinical evaluation or security.

Objective To study the effect of cellular glutathione (GSH) in relieving the cytotoxicity induced by arsenic on HaCaT. Methods The HaCaT cells were pre-treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and L-buthionine-[S'R]-sulfoximine (BSO) for 24 h, then treated with sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) by adding it into the medium for 24 h. Alarmarblue assay was used to detect the proliferation of the cells. Results The reduction rate of Alarmarblue increased when the HaCaT cells were treated with 0.001-10.000 ?mol/L of NaAsO2 alone (P

The crowd were divided to 3 groups according to glucose tolerance:normal glucose tolerance,impaired glucose regulation,and new type 2 diabetes,the data was analyzed.The result showed that as the severity of abnormal glucose metabolism,the serum GGT gradually advanced,early insulin secretion index descended,The levels of resistance index,fasting and postprandial blood sugar,and glycosylated hemoglobin all raised.The serum GGT and early insulin secretion index was inversely correlated.The higher GGT level was an independent risk factors of abnormal glucose metabolism.

[Objective]To investagate the anatomic features in the approach to the brachial plexus in neck in order to make the exposure of brachial plexus more convenience and safer.[Method]Neck of six embalmed adult cadavers were made serial sectional specimens,which was observed to identify the border,composition and anatomic relation of fat layer between the superficial and deep layer of cervical fascia in the posterior triangle of neck with the brachial plexus.[Result]There was no branches of superficial cervical plexus in the fat layer between the superficial layer and deep layer of cervical fascia below the middle neck,in which there was no important structures except omohyoid muscle and transverse cervical artery.The deep layer of cervical fascia was dense and was directly superficial to the brachial plexus.[Conclusion]Exposure of brachial plexus in the neck would be more safe and convenience upon the understanding of anatomic relatiowship between cervical fascia and brachial plexus.

The purified oil of Anguilla japonica (139. 6-1116. 8 mg/kg) was administrated ig for 20 days in mice. Positive cell number of macrophage with Fc receptor, phago-cytic percentage and index were increased significantly. T lymphocyte transformation and activity of NK cell were enhanced merkedly. The amount of antibody forming cells was risen dramatically.

Objective:To construct NBS1 microRNA expressing eukaryotic recombinants,and identify biological activity of recombinants in Hela cell after transfection.Methods:According to sequence of NBS1mRNA,the NBS1 pre-microRNA was designed and synthesized,then cloned into the GFP reporter pcDNA6.2-GW/EmGFP-miR vector and transfected into Hela cell line.To detect integrity of inset fragment through colony PCR and sequencing analysis.The biological activity of recombinants through identify interference efficiency of NBS1 microRNA recombinants by way of Real-Time PCR and Western blot were determined.Results:Sequences of inset fragment in four microRNA expressing recombinants were correct.NBS1 mRNA and protein expression of four microRNA recombinants were decrease,which is the lowest in the NBS1mi-2 group.Conclusion:Four NBS1-targeting microRNA expressing recombinants all have biological activity in Hela cell line,and NBS1mi-2 recombinant has the most interference efficiency.The microRNA expressing plasmid which were successfully constructed and lay foundation for the studies on the tumor gene therapy of microrna targeting NBS1.