Objective To explore the clinical effect of lateral-rectus approach for treatment of acetabular fracture combined with ipsilateral pelvic fracture. Methods From January 2010 to February 2014, 24 patients with acetabular fracture combined with ipsilateral pelvic fracture were surgically managed through the lateral-rectus approach. Eighteen cases of merely anterior acetabular and pelvic fractures were treated with the lateral-rectus approach only, in the supine position. Six cases involving the posterior acetabular wall and posterior column were treated with the lateral-rectus approach combined lateral-rectus and posterior Kocher-Langenbeck approaches, in the floating position. The titanium reconstruction plates and cannulated screws were applied in these cases. Results The operation time was 70- 185 min and the intraoperative blood loss was 420-1 100 ml. Postoperative X-ray and CT exams showed excellent and good reduction. According to the postoperative Matta radiological evaluation, reduction of acetabular fracture was rated as anatomic in 13 cases, with satisfactory reduction in 8 cases and unsatisfactory in 3 cases. Injury to the sciatic nerve occurred in one case, and fat liquefaction at the abdominal incision in one case. All the patients were followed up for 13-30 months and the fractures healed after 10-16 weeks. According to the modified Merle d'Aubigne and Postel scoring system, 16 cases were excellent, 6 cases were good and 2 cases were fair 6 months after operation. Conclusions Surgical management of acetabular fractures through the lateral-rectus approach can provide adequate exposure and treatment for not only the acetabular fractures involving the anterior column and the quadrilateral surface, but also ipsilateral fractures involving the pubic superior ramus, iliac ala and sacroiliac joint, leading to fine outcomes.

Objective:To establish a DNA typing method for HLA-I antigens with medium resolution method by DNA chip technique.Methods:The chip was made with specific medium distinguish-typing probes designed according to gene frequency of HLA-I alleles from Northern Chinese. Unsymmetrical PCR was used to amplify HLA-I exon2,3,and then the PCR products labeled and hybridized with probes on the chip.Typing of HLA-I was certified by scanning the hybridizing signals of through a set of computer software.Results:HLA-I alleles were successfully typed in 30 clinical samples .This medium-distinguishing probes were able to discern 57 HLA-I alleles accurately.Conclusion:DNA typing of HLA-I by chip has been proven to be a high-resolution and high-specific method. It is able to check out the new alleles that can not be distinguished by other methods with the same resolution., and it is more intuitional and more suitable for clinical application .

In recent years,with the increasement of intracranial pressure detection accuracy,the use of intracranial pressure detection in clinic become more common.Various of technologies are used in clinic that can be divided into invasive methods,such as epidural catheter,subarachnoid bolt,intraventricular catheter,fiberoptic catheter and micro-sensors transducer,and non-invasive methods,such as evoked otoacoustic emissions,transocular method,transcranial doppler,imaging method and magnetic induction method.This paper reviews the physiological basis of intracranial pressure detection and common intracranial pressure detection techniques,especially on noninvasive intracranial pressure detection methods.Advantages and disadvantages of different intracranial pressure detection methods are listed,and an outlook of the development of non-invasive intracranial pressure detection technology are made.

Objective To discuss the value of medium resolution typing method for HLA-B antigens of Northern Chinese by DNA chip technique.Methods The chip was made with specific medium distinguish typing probes designed according to gene frequency of HLA-B alleles from Northern Chinese.Unsymmetrical PCR was used to amplify HLA-B exon 2 and 3, then labeled PCR products and hybridize with probes on the chip.Certified the typing of HLA-B by analysed and scanned the signals of hybridize through a set of computer software.Results HLA-B alleles were successfully typed in 30 clinical samples. This medium distinguish probes were able to discern 42 HLA-B alleles from the scope of HLA-B 7~83. Using it we can distinguish B14,73 and 82 three new alleles contrast to PCR-SSP methods.Conclusions DNA typing of HLA-B by chip was proven to be a high-resolution and high-specificity method. It is able to check out the multitudinous samples in one DNA chip and it is more suitable for clinical application.

In recent years,the research of non-contact biomedical monitoring has continuous development and progress.This review gives an overview of the research status of heart,lung and brain non-contact monitoring methods.The correlation techniques of capacitance electrocardiogram,magnetic induction,radar non-contact monitoring of heart and lung,and non-contact monitoring of brain are analyzed comprehensively.Capacitance electrocardiogram monitors the heart and lung activities useing effect of change in capacitance between the electrodes.Magnetic induction monitors the heart and lung activities useing the Maxwell principle,while radar monitoring the heart and lung activities uses the Doppler effects.Non-contact monitoring of brain adopts the magnetic induction tomography imaging technology.Then elaborate related research at home and abroad,and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these monitoring methods on the basis of the analysis of monitoring principles.Finally foreground that may dominate this area of new equipment for heart,lung and brain non-contact monitoring in the future is expected.

The real-time monitoring of cerebral hemorrhage can reduce its disability and fatality rates greatly. On the basis of magnetic induction phase shift, we in this study used filter and amplifier hardware module, NI-PXI data-acquisition system and LabVIEW software to set up an experiment system. We used Band-pass sample method and correlation phase demodulation algorithm in the system. In order to test and evaluate the performance of the system, we carried out saline simulation experiments of brain hemorrhage. We also carried out rabbit cerebral hemorrhage experiments. The results of both saline simulation and animal experiments suggested that our monitoring system had a high phase detection precision, and it needed only about 0.030 4s to finish a single phase shift measurement, and the change of phase shift was directly proportional to the volume of saline or blood. The experimental results were consistent with theory. As a result, this system has the ability of real-time monitoring the progression of cerebral hemorrhage precisely, with many distinguished features, such as low cost, high phase detection precision, high sensitivity of response so that it has showed a good application prospect.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; Computer Systems ; Magnetics ; Rabbits ; Software

Objective To develop a gas dynamic exposure device with a simple structure.Methods The device was composed of a water tank, an gas chest, an exposure kit and an gas-out bottle. The chest body was made of organic glass pane, drainage method was used to distribute the gas properly, and airflow was regulated with the gravity and valve.Results The device was proved to have simple structure and high effects.Conclusion The device has low cost, simple structure and properly distributed gas, and can be reused for exposure test.

Objective To evaluate the measurement uncertainty of the detecting procedure of amino acids and carnitines by the Waters ACQUITY TQD tandem mass spectrometer and PerkinElmer NeoBaseTM non‐derivatized MSMS kit ,and to discuss the meaning of evaluation .Methods According to the method provided by the Medical Laboratories‐Evaluation and Expression of Measurement Uncertainty ,the internal quality control was detected by using two different batch codes of kit for 20 d ,once before and after the routine sample detection on each working day ,the detector were randomly changed ,and then the measurement uncer‐tainty introduced by measurement reproducibility was calculated;the amino acid external assessment quality control data in 20 times of neonatal hereditary metabolic disease tandem mass spectrometry screening provided by the National Center for Clinical Laborato‐ry in 2014 and 2015 ,and the same and 16 times of carnitines external assessment quality control data were performed the statistics , and then the measurement uncertainty introduced by bias was calculated .Next the relative standard uncertainty and the relative ex‐panded uncertainty according to the measurement uncertainty introduced by bias and measurement reproducibility were calculated . The allowed total error indicators of amino acid and carnitines external quality assessment in the neonatal hereditary metabolic dis‐ease tandem mass spectrometry screening by the National Center for Clinical Laboratory were used as the target expanded uncer‐tainty .Results The relative expanded uncertainties of citrulline ,methionine ,phenylalanine ,propionyl carnitine ,octanoyl carnitine , dodecanoyl carnitine ,palmitoyl carnitine and octadecanoyl carnitine were 19 .1% -26 .1% (k=2) ,which were smaller than the tar‐get uncertainty .The relative expanded uncertainties of leucine ,tyrosine ,valine ,free carnitine were 31 .0% -43 .3% (k=2) ,which were greater than the target uncertainty .The uncertainty of isovaleryl carnitine needed to be estimated separately .Conclusion As‐sessing the measurement uncertainty of the detecting procedure of amino acids and carnitines by the non‐derivatized tandem mass spectrometer method can not only provide an opportunity for continuously improving the detection quality ,but also can help the ex‐perimental technique staffs to interpret the test data correctly and the clinician to use the detection reports correctly .

This study was aimed to improve the sensitivity of magnetic induction phase shift detection system for cerebral hemorrhage. In the study, a cerebral hemorrhage model with 13 rabbits was established by injection of autologous blood and the cerebral hemorrhage was detected by utilizing magnetic induction phase shift spectroscopy (MIPSS) detection method under the feature band. Sixty five groups of phase shift spectroscopy data were obtained. According to the characteristics of cerebral hemorrhage phase shift spectroscopy under the feature hand, an effective method, B-F distribution, to diagnose the severity of cerebral hemorrhage was designed. The results showed that using MIPSS detection method under feature band, the phase shift obviously growed with increase of injection volume of autologous blood, and the phase shift induced by a 3-mL injection reached -7.750 3 degrees ± 1.420 4 degrees. B-F distribution could effectively diagnose the severity of cerebral hemorrhage. It can be concluded that the sensitivity of the cerebral hemorrhage magnetic induction detection system is improved by one order of magnitude with the MIPSS detection method under the feature band.
Animals ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; Magnetic Phenomena ; Magnetics ; Rabbits ; Spectrum Analysis ; methods

Objective To investigate the incidence and surgical fixation-related factors of posterior malleolus fracture in the treatment of ankle fractures.Methods A retrospective study was conducted of the 703 inpatients with ankle fracture at Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from June 1,2017 to May 31,2018.Of them,464 suffered posterior malleolus fracture.The incidence and surgical fixation rate of posterior malleolar fracture were calculated.Of the patients with posterior malleolus fracture,the gender,age,injury energy,Lauge-Hanse classification,Bartonícek classification,talar backward subluxation,fragment area ratio (FAR) of posterior malleolus fracture on X-ray film and CT cross section,fragmental dislocation,and Die-punch fragment were analyzed to screen out the risk factors related to surgical internal fixation for posterior malleolus fracture.Results In this study,the incidence of posterior malleolus fracture was 66.00％ (464/703) and the surgical fixation rate 43.97％ (204/464).The gender,age,injury energy,Lauge-Hanse classification,direction of talar subluxation and displacement of Die-punch fragments were not the risk factors related to the surgical internal fixation for posterior malleolus fracture (P ＞ 0.05) while the Bartonícek classification,talar backward subluxation,FAR of posterior malleolus fracture on X-ray film and CT cross section,lateral fragmental displacement and Die-punch fragment were the risk factors related to the surgical internal fixation for posterior malleolus fracture (P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis indicated that the talar backward subluxation (OR =5.580,95％ CI:1.623 ～ 19.181,P =0.006) and the FAR ≥ 15％ on CT cross section (OR =9.103,95％ CI:3.342 ～ 24.800,P =0.000) were independent risk factors for surgical internal fixation of posterior malleolus fracture.Conclusions The incidence and surgical fixation rate of posterior malleolar fracture are very high.The talar backward subluxation and the fragment area ratio ≥ 15％ on CT cross-section are independent risk factors for surgical internal fixation of posterior malleolus fracture.