OBJECTIVE:To prepare compound astragali capsules and to establish its quality control standards.METH?ODS:The qualitation identification of the principal agents like American ginseng and asiatic cornelian cherry fruit were de?termined by TLC;the principal agent-astragalosideⅠin the astragali were identified by HPLC-ELSD.RESULTS:The condition for TLC qualitation was feasible and the spots were clear;good linear relationship was achieved when the detection concentration of astragalosideⅠwas within the range of2.8?g～8.4?g(r=0.9999);the average recovery was99.93%,RSD=1.17%.CONCLUSION:The preparing technique of this preparation was simple and the quality was stable,the quan?titation control method is simple,accurate and with high precision.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the preparation technology of phloroglucinol phospholipids complex and study its physicochemical properties.METHODS: The preparation technology for phloroglucinol phospholipids complex was optimized taking the molar ratio of phloroglucinol to phospholipids(A),reaction temperature(B) and reaction time(C) as factors and complex ratio of phloroglucinol and phospholipid as index.The dissolubility and oil/water partition coefficient of the complex in different solvents were determined and compared with crude drug,and the new complex's physicochemical properties were validated by UV and IR(infrared spectra).RESULTS: The optimized preparation conditions for phloroglucinol phospholipids complex were obtained as follows: A was 1∶2;B was 60 ℃ and C was 2 h.The complex ratio remained at above 98%.Compared with phloroglucinol crude drug,the phloroglucinol phospholipids complex in water or chloroform showed increase in both dissolubility and oil/water partition coefficient.UV and IR confirmed that no new complex had been formed from phloroglucinol and phospholipids.CONCLUSION: The optimized technology greatly enhanced the dissolubility and lipotropy of the phloroglucinol phospholipids complex.

Paget's disease of the breast is an uncommon disorder that accounts for 1% to 3% of all mammary tumors. The incidence of underlying carcinoma associated with Paget's disease has been reported in 82% to 100% of cases. The finding of underlying carcinoma reaches almost 100% when a palpable lump is also present. In this rare case, we described a patient presenting with Paget's disease but no palpable lump. However, we found 11 independent regions which were all invasive ductal carcinoma after the operation. Considering this patient, we should pay more attention to a multifocal and multicentric breast carcinoma associated with Paget's disease. Furthermore, we believe the mammography examination and a modified radical mastectomy are the most appropriate treatments for this population in clinical practice.

Owing to the developments in cell biology and other related disciplines, basic oncological research has progressed. There has been a gradual increase in the quantity and quality of research applications for oncology. This paper provided an overview of the applications and fundings (General Program, Youth Program and Regional Program) for clinical oncology of the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2019, analyzed the research directions of the General Program from different perspectives and discussed representative research directions including non- coding RNA, immunotherapy, microenvironment, metabolism, as well as frontiers such as lymphangiogenesis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis, lysosome and mitochondrion in the field of clinical oncology.

Objective:To investigate the epidemic trend and risk change of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated with malignant tumors after combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).Methods:The types of malignant tumors in patients with AIDS at different stages of cART were analyzed among anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive population in Hubei Province screened in National AIDS/HIV prevention and control information system from 1st January, 2004 to 31st December, 2018. The standardized incidence ratios(SIR) of malignant tumors in AIDS patients was analyzed based on the incidence of malignant tumors in the general population in Hubei Province or China in 2013. The changes in risks for development of malignant tumors in AIDS patients at different cART stages from 2004 to 2013 and 2014 to 2018 were compared.Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.Results:Three hundred and twenty-three out of 22 994 AIDS patients were diagnosed with malignant tumors. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL) and cervical cancer were most common types in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining cancers (ADC), while liver cancers and lung cancers were the most common types in non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining cancers (NADC). The overall risk of malignancy in AIDS patients was similar to that in the general population (SIR=1.06, χ2=0.62, P=0.426). However, the risks of Kaposi sarcoma, NHL, Hodgkin lymphoma, cervical cancer, and head and face cancers (excepting nasopharyngeal cancer) in AIDS patients were significantly higher than those in the general population (SIR=834.09, 9.65, 13.33, 5.22 and 2.94, respectively, χ2=11 747.27, 625.54, 56.65, 184.21 and 13.66, respectively, all P<0.01). The risks of lung cancer, colorectal anal cancer, stomach cancer and breast cancer in AIDS patients were significantly lower than those in the general population (SIR=0.33, 0.36, 0.43 and 0.45, respectively, χ2=33.43, 12.84, 9.01 and 7.21, respectively, all P<0.05). The SIR of cervical cancer, liver cancer and colorectal anal cancer from 2014 to 2018 were 4.06, 0.43 and 0.10, respectively, which were significantly lower than those from 2004 to 2013 (7.42, 1.96 and 0.84, respectively). The differences were all statistically significant ( χ2=5.39, 19.52 and 10.86, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:At present, there are no significant differences of the incidences of malignant tumors between AIDS patients and general population, but the tumor types are different. The most common malignant tumors in this region are NHL and cervical cancer, which should be noted that HIV screening among patients with such tumors is conducive to comprehensive treatment to improve the efficacy.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term nucleos (t) ide analogue treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods Two hundred and two initially treated patients with CHB admitted in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital during March 2013 and August 2016 were enrolled in the study.Patients were divided into six groups according to the different antiviral therapy:adefovir group (ADV,n =43),entecavir group (ETV,n =44),lamivudine group (LAM,n =25),telbivudine group (LDT,n =23),LDT + ADV group (n =22),and LAM + ADV group (n =45).HBV DNA negative conversion rate,HBeAg serological conversion rate and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline and at 48th,96th,144th wk of treatment were measured.Chi-square test and repeated measure of ANOVA were used to analyze the data.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to detect the relevant risk factors of renal dysfunction in CHB patients.Results After treatment for 144 wks,the HBV DNA negative conversion rates in ETV and LDT group were higher than that in ADV group (both P ＜ 0.01),the levels of eGFR in ADV,ETV,LAM and LAM + ADV group were declined with time,while the eGFR levels in LDT and LDT + ADV group were increased with time (Ftime =3.939,Fgroup =3.983,P ＜0.01 or ＜0.05).After treatment for 96 wks and 144 wks,the levels of eGFR were higher in LDT and LDT + ADV group than those in other groups,respectively (all P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥40 (x2 =16.145,OR =4.452,95 ％ CI 2.149-9.223,P ＜ 0.05),mild abnormality of eGFR at baseline (x2 =16.449,OR =4.336,95％ CI 2.144-8.891,P ＜ 0.05),and ADV treatment (x2 =5.837,OR =5.280,95％ CI 1.369-20.365,P ＜ 0.05) were independent risk factors of renal dysfunction in CHB patients.Conclusion LDT long-term monotherapy or combination with ADV may improve renal function for patients with CHB,which provides a reference for long-term treatment of CHB patients with nucleos(t) ide analogues.

Paget's disease of the breast is an uncommon disorder that accounts for 1% to 3% of all mammary tumors. The incidence of underlying carcinoma associated with Paget's disease has been re-ported in 82% to 100% of cases. The finding of underlying carcinoma reaches almost 100% when a palpable lump is also present. In this rare case, we described a patient presenting with Paget's disease but no palpable lump. However, we found 11 independent regions which were all invasive ductal carci-noma after the operation. Considering this patient, we should pay more attention to a multifocal and multicentric breast carcinoma associated with Paget's disease. Furthermore, we believe the mammog-raphy examination and a modified radical mastectomy are the most appropriate treatments for this population in clinical practice.

Objective Clinical study on the treatment of bilateral lumbar spinal stenosis with percutane-ous fixation combined with unilateral open-ended spinal canal decompression. Methods 126 patients with bilater-al lumbar spinal stenosis admitted to our hospital were randomly divided into two groups.The observation group was treated by percutaneous nail combined with unilateral laminar fenestration,and the control group was treated by open reduction combined with bilateral hemi laminectomy and spinal canal decompression.The two groups of pa-tients with general surgical complications after treatment,index,lumbago and leg pain VAS score and ODI score were compared.Results The operation time of the observation group,the amount of bleeding,the time of hospital-ization and the cost of hospitalization were less than those of the control group.There were no complications such as incision infection after operation in the two groups.The two groups were statistically significant postoperative pain and leg pain VAS score and ODI score compared with preoperative difference.The two groups had statistical signifi-cance between low back and leg pain VAS score and ODI score after 6 and 12 months and last follow-up phase dif-ference.But the two groups after 3 months of lumbago and leg pain VAS score and ODI score had no significant dif-ference.Conclusions Percutaneous minimally invasive nail combined with unilateral laminar fenestration and de-compression for bilateral lumbar spinal stenosis has the advantages of less trauma,less bleeding,shorter hospitaliza-tion time and quicker recovery.It is worthy of clinical promotion.

The data of patients with HIV/AIDS from Hubei Province during 2004 to 2018 were obtained from the National AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System. A total of 22 980 HIV-positive or AIDS patients were followed up for 113 164 person-years and 323 malignant tumors were diagnosed. Non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma (NHL), cervical cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) accounted for 70.0% (226/323) of all malignant tumors in this population. The average crude incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in HIV-infected patients were 285.43/100 000(269.11/100 000 in males and 325.87/100 000 in females), and 169.67/100 000(184.78/100 000 in males and 132.19/100 000 in females), respectively. The result indicates that the overall cancer incidence and mortality in HIV/AIDS population under widely implementation of combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) are similar to those in the general population of the region. But the incidence and mortality of AIDS-related tumors such as KS, NHL, HD and cervical cancer are higher than those in general population, and attention should be given to screening of these malignancies in HIV/AIDS population.

Objective:To analyze the clinical data of 203 discharged patients with corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19), and to investigate the predictors for the severe cases.Methods:Confirmed COVID-19 cases hospitalized at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 1 to February 1, 2020 were consecutively enrolled, who were divided into severe group and non-severe group.The clinical data of enrolled patients were collected and the clinical manifestations, laboratory results, imaging, treatments and prognosis of patients in the two groups were analyzed. Mann-Whitney U rank sum test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:A total of 203 discharged patients with COVID-19 were enrolled. The common clinical manifestations included fever (89.2%, 181/203), dry cough (60.1%, 122/203), chest distress (35.5%, 72/203), shortness of breath(29.1%, 59/203)and myalgia or arthralgia (26.6%, 54/203). The time from disease onset to hospital admission was 5.8 days (1.0 to 20.0 days). Among 203 enrolled patients, 107(52.7%) were divided into severe group and 96(47.3%) were non-severe group. The age in severe group was 60 years (23 to 91 years), which was significantly older than non-severe group (47 years (20 to 86 years)), the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-6.12, P<0.01). There were 63.6%(68/107) patients in severe group with at least one underlying disease, which was significantly more than non-severe group (20.8% (20/96)), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=37.60, P<0.01). The proportions of patients with increased white blood cells, decreased lymphocytes and albumin, elevated alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, lactic acid dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, fasting blood glucose, D-dimer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and procalcitonin in severe group were all higher. On admission, 172 patients (84.7%) had bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass opacity in the lungs on chest imaging study, 20(9.9%) presented pleural effusion. Fifty-five cases (27.1%) showed progressions of lung lesions on computed tomography (CT) rescan at an average interval of five days. Among 203 patients, 123(60.6%) were given oxygen therapy upon admission, 107(52.7%) were given short-term glucocorticoid therapy, and 131(64.5%) received antiviral therapy; and 26(12.8%) died. The hospital stay was 11.0 days (1.0 to 45.0 days). Conclusions:Fever is the most common symptoms in COVID-19 patients.Elderly and patients with underlying diseases are risk factors for progression to severe cases. The elderly patients should be strengthened early monitoring, paid attention to the control of underlying diseases, and reduce the occurrence of critical diseases.