Character Repertoires are supported by DICOM to encode Characters in different languages, in which UTF-8 and GB18030 are for Chinese characters. Each of them can replace Acquiesced Character Repertoire in Attribute Specific Character Set so that Chinese characters can be encoded in data elements. Utility programs compatible with DICOM are also required to support UTF-8 or GB 18030 for unerring representation and encoding.

Objective To determine the safety location of the bony tunnel in reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligaments on the basis of digital characterization of the anatomy of the clavicle and coracoid process.Methods Unilateral shoulder spiral CT scan was conducted in 30 patients without injury to the clavicle or coracoid process.They were 15 men and 15 women,aged from 20 to 71 years old (average,49.3 years).Thirty 3D digital models of the clavicle and coracoid process were constructed using the CT scan data by Mimics13.0.Half of the models were of the left shoulder and half of the right.Anatomic measurements of the clavicle and coracoid process were carried out on these models.Virtual transclavicular-transcoracoid bony tunnels were established according to the anatomy of the conoid ligament.Parameters of these bony tunnels were measured before the safety location was calculated.Results The mean clavicular length was 147.70 ± 5.34 mm in males and 133.09 ± 6.61 mm in females; the distance between the lateral edge of the clavicle and the center of the conoid tuberosity (CCD) was 35.90 ± 3.16 mm in males and 30.48 ± 0.54 mm in females; the distance between the lateral edge of the clavicle and the center of the trapezoid tuberosity (CTD) was 22.68 ± 1.23 mm in males and 18.69 ± 1.65 mm in females,with significant differences between genders (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between male and female regarding the ratio of the CCD to the clavicular length,the ratio of CTD to the clavicular length,or the mean internal rotational angle of the coracoid process (P ＞ 0.05).According the attachments of the conoid ligament on the clavicle and coracoid,from the superior-posterior edge of the clavicle to the anterior midpoint of the coracoid basement,the bony tunnels were established.These tunnels nearly bisected the cross section of the clavicle and coracoid basement,35.23° ± 2.36° medially inclined to the sagittal section and 5.91° ± 2.14° posteriorly inclined to the coronal section of the body.Conclusions To ensure that the bony tunnel should pass through the center of the clavicle and coracoid,it should be drilled from the superior-posterior edge of the clavicle and located at the clavicular attachment of the conoid ligament,tilting about 35° medially and 6° posteriorly to aim at the anterior midpoint of the coracoid basement.

Objective To explore the effects of vitrectomy on neovascular glaucoma combined with vitreous hemorrhage. Methods Seven eyes of 7 patients with neovascular glaucoma combined with vitreous hemorrhage underwent vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification, panretinal photocoagulation, and trabeculectomy. The preoperative visual acuity ranged from light perception to 0.2, and the mean preoperative intraocular pressure was 54 mm Hg (38-64 mm Hg)(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa). The mean follow-up was 8 months (6-15 months). Results The postoperative visual acuity ranged from light perception to 0.4, and the mean postoperative intraocular pressure was 17 mm Hg (10-30 mm Hg) which was significantly lower than preoperative one ( P

Objective To investigate the influence of nursing intervention on perioperative psychological status and treatment compliance of patients undergoing breast augmentation. Methods 82 patients were investigated with self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-designed mental activity questionnaire on patients with breast augmentation. And they were divided into the intervention group(42 patients) and the control group(40 patients) randomly. The control group was given routine treatment and nursing. The intervention group received systematic nursing intervention such as psychological needs,confidentiality, the relevant specialist knowledge and explanation and prevention o complications besides routine treatment and nursing care. The perioperative psychological status and treatment efficacy were compared between the two groups. Results The worrying degree about operation - related problems was lower in the intervention group compared with that of the control group, but SAS and SDS score showed no significant difference one day before operation between the two groups. SAS and SDS score of the intervention group were improved before discharge compared with those before operation and were also better than those of the control group. Conclusions Patients undergoing breast augmentation surgery subject to a variety of perioperative psychological barriers, systematic nursing intervention can significantly improve the psychological state and treatment compliance, make them to acquire the unification of perfect body shape and psychology with best physical and mental status during perioperative stage.

Objective To investigate the amounts of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs)in peripheral blood of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).Methods Forty patients with PDR(PDR group),thirty patmnts with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)without DR(DM group),and twenty agematched normal subjects(control group)were enrolled in this study.Blood samples were treated bv repeated centrifugation and stained with monoclonal antibodies.At least 2 × 105 cells were analyzed bv flow cytometry.EPCs were identified by CD34 and CD133 antibody.The correlation between EPCs numbers and DR duration,glycosylated hemoglobin,serum lipids was analyzed.Results The number of EPCs in PDR,DM and control group were(49±12)、(35±11)、(90±25)cells/ml respectively,the difference was statistically significant(F=56.260,P=0.000).There was a positive correlation between EPCs numbers and DR duration(r=0.564,P＜0.05).However there was no correlation between EPCs numbers and glycosylated hemoglobin(r=-0.170,P>0.05)or triglyceride levels(r=0.261,P>0.05).Conclusions The number of EPCs in peripheral blood of PDR patients was decreased. EPCs might play an important role in the pathogenesis of PDR.

Objective To investigate the effects of atorvastutin on the levels of plasm imflammation markers (hs - CRP, MMP - 3, TNF - α) and intima - media thickness(ITM) of the common carotid artery in patient with hyperlipidemic and atherosclerosis. Methods Fifty patient with hyperlipidemic and atherosclerosis were treated with atorvastatin (10mg qd) for 12 weeks. The levels of TC, TG, LDL -C, HDL -C, hs -CRP, TNF -α and MMP -3 were detected with radioimmmuneassay and eolorimetric methods. Color Doppler echo-cardiography was used to measure intima -media thickness(ITM) of the common carotid artery after 6 weeks and 12 weeks. Results TC, TG, LDL -C, hs -CRP, TNF -α and MMP -3 were decreased significantly(P < 0.01)after 12 weeks. IMT was decreased signifi-cantly(P < 0.05) and HDL - C was increased significantly (P < 0.05) after 12 weeks. Conclusion Atorvastatin could be effective in re-ducing blood - fat and anti - inflammatory action , regulating blood vessel endothelium (BVE) function and reversing structural chan-ges in IMT of the common carotid artery.

Baculovirus has many advantages as vectors for gene transfer. We demonstrated that recombinant baculovirus vectors expressing p35 (Ac-CMV-p35) and eGFP (Ac-CMV-GFP) could be transduced into human kidney 293 cells efficiently. The level of transgene expression was viral dose dependent and high-level expression of the target gene could be achieved under the heterogonous promoter. MTT assay suggested that both Ac-CMV-p35 and Ac-CMV-GFP did not have cytotoxic effect on human embryo kidney 293 cells. Cell growth curve showed the Ac-CMV-p35 and Ac- CMV-GFP transduced and non-transduced cells had similar proliferation rate, so baculovirus-mediated p35expression had no adverse effect on cell proliferation. In addition, baculovirus-mediated p35 gene expression protected human embryo kidney 293 cells against apoptosis induced by various apoptosis inducers such as Actinomycin D, UV or serum-free media. These results suggested that the baculovirus vector mediated p35 gene expression was functional and it could be widely used in molecular research and even gene therapy.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common lethal urological cancer,the distant metastasis of which is the leading cause of death.Although targeted agents have remarkably improved the overall prognosis of RCC patients,nearly all the patients eventually acquire therapeutic resistance.With the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors,immunotherapy based on tumor microenvironment (TME) has shown a broad scope in clinical application.The deepening understanding of TME leads to the changes of therapeutic strategies for advanced RCC,and the combination of targeted therapy and immunotherapy is exhibiting a promising prospect.Herein,we reviewed the TME characteristics,candidate predictive biomarkers,and possible targets for future development of drugs against RCC.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell/therapy* ; Female ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Immunotherapy ; Kidney Neoplasms/therapy* ; Male ; Tumor Microenvironment

Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; CD5 Antigens ; metabolism ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Receptors, IgE ; metabolism ; Rituximab ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE:To improve the process efficiency of automatic dispensation machine before dispensing. METHODS:After building quality control circle(QCC)in the hospital inpatient,according to the steps of QCC,the key links and factors that affect process efficiency of automatic dispensation machine before dispensing were found out,corresponding countermeasures were developed based on causes,then it was evaluated by process time and other indexes in dispensing before and after the development of QCC. RESULTS:The 2 links(removing the drug packaging,manually counting and developing add-drug list)with the longest time before dispensing improved work efficiency by setting add-drug quantity and variety truly,timing checking dispensation medi-cine,timely counting dispensation medicine drug list,strengthening training and other methods,process time of automatic dispensa-tion machine before dispensing was shortened from 179.8 min(before)to 119.2 min(after)(shortened by 33.7%),target achieve-ment rate was 168.5%;and QCC staff showed positive growth in means, responsibility, team cohesion, and other aspects (increase rate were 15%-81%). CONCLUSIONS:QCC shows obvious effect on improving process efficiency of automatic dispen-sation machine before dispensing.