Objective To explore the imaging differential diagnosis of vascular malformations and intermediary character hemangiomas.Methods The roentgenographic,CT and MRI findings of vascular malformations and intermediary character hemangiomas in 58 cases were analysed retrospectively.Results In 42 cases with vascular malformations,the lesions were irregular with definite margins,and 5 cases showed the bone compressed adjacent to the lesions.31 patients studied with MRI ,3 cases appeared as hyperintensity(equal to fat) and 28 cases appeared as mixed hyperintensity(higher than that of fat) on T2WI,20 cases showed circular markedly vessel-like hyperintensity on T2WI .In 16 cases with intermediary character hemangiomas,7 cases showed circular soft tissue masses,the masses were lobulated in 8 cases and "crab nail" in 1 case,5 cases showed edema of around the tumors and occupying effect on CT and MRI,3 cases showed bone corroded adjacent to the lesions,2 cases showed bony destruction.Of the 11 patients studied with MRI,the lesions showed hyperintensity on T2WI.Conclusion The imaging findings of vascular malformations and intermediary character hemangiomas are different.

BACKGROUND: Stellate ganglion block has the ability to improve the imbalance of the autonomic nervous system in perimenopausal syndrome. Lumbosacral plexus is an automatic nervous block, and exerts similar effects with stellate ganglion block. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of lumbosacral plexus block on the serum level of hormones and histology of the ovary in rabbits, thus providing a new treatment strategy for perimenopausal syndrome. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled animal experiment, which was finished at the Animal Center of Guiyang Medical Unversity, China. The healthy rabbits were randomly divided into experimental and control groups, and underwent lumbosacral plexus block by injecting 0.5 mg of vitamin B12, 100 mg of lidocaine and 10 mL of normal saline into the psoas compartment, and the same volume of normal saline, respectively. The effect of lumbosacral plexus block on the serum levels of hormones (estradiol, gonadotropin releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) at rabbit proestrus, estrus and metaestrus were observed, respectively. The pathological changes of the ovary in a complete estrus cycle were observed. The relationship between the treatment time of lumbosacral plexus block and the levels of hormones was investigated after 1, 3 and 6 complete estrus cycles. The experimental followed the national guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, and Consensus author guidelines on animal ethics and welfare by the International Association for Veterinary Editors (IAVE), and prepared in accordance with the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments Guidelines (ARRIVE Guidelines). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Lumbosacral plexus block can increase the serum level of estrogen, reduce the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary axis function. Presumably, it may be used as a treatment method or adjuvant therapy of perimenopausal syndrome. Future experiments are needed to explore the effect of lumbosacral plexus block on the serum levels of hormones in a rabbit after oophorectomy to determine whether it exhibits the same effect on ovarian failure.

AIM:To investigate the ability of a metal complex ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (ATTM) to re-lease H2 S and its cytoprotective effect on an oxidative injury model .METHODS:Released H2 S was absorbed in a reaction flask from ATTM dissolved in the cell medium .Staining with dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate or rhodamine 123 fol-lowed by photofluorography was conducted for the observation of reactive oxygen species ( ROS) and mitochondrial mem-brane potential (ΔΨm) levels, respectively.Cell viability and release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from the cells were measured with commercial kits.RESULTS:Similar to another H2S donor GYY4137, ATTM had an ability to release H2S in the cell medium in a dose-dependent manner .Treatment of human skin HaCaT cells with ATTM at concentrations of 25~400 μmol/L didn’ t significantly alter cell viability .Exposure of the cells to ultraviolet rays or a ROS donor H 2 O2 in-creased the intracellular ROS levels .Treatment with 400 μmol/L H2 O2 significantly reduced the viability of HaCaT cells (P<0.01).However, before the treatment with H2O2, pretreatment with ATTM at 100 and 200 μmol/L markedly pre-vented the H2O2-induced cell injury (P<0.01).In addition, the treatment with H2O2 triggeredΔΨm loss (P<0.01) and LDH release from the cells (P<0.01).Prior to suffering from H2O2 injury, the preconditioning with 200 μmol/L ATTM significantly improved ΔΨm levels ( P<0.05 ) and attenuated LDH release from the cells ( P<0.01 ) .CONCLUSION:ATTM is capable of releasing H 2 S and protecting human skin cells against oxidative injury .

The classification and the regulatory requirement among U.S., E.U., Japan and China were summarized and compared for the immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization products. The results indicate that: the regulatory classifications of the related products are higher in Japan and China, than U.S.and E.U.; the classification and regulatory requirement are adjusted more flexibly in the centralized system. The difference was discussed and accordingly some suggestions and implications were given for the China's regulation.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic treatment for gastric stromal tumors with maximum diameter of 3 to 5 cm. Methods From April 2010 to April 2016, a retrospective analysis was performed on the data of patients with gastric stromal tumors undergoing endoscopic (29 cases)or laparoscopic(26 cases)resection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Baseline data, perioperative data and follow-up data were collected and analyzed. Results There was significant difference on tumor location between the two groups(χ2=12.173, P=0.007). Tumors mainly located at gastric fundus in the endoscopic group(65.5%,19/29),while at gastric body in the laparoscopic group(61.5%, 16/26). Compared with the laparoscopic group, patients in the endoscopic group had shorter operation time[45(35, 60)min VS 70(60, 85)min, U = 686.000, P<0.05], lesser intraoperative blood loss[15(10,15)mL VS 20(10, 20)mL, U=513.000, P=0.017], and earlier recovery time of gastrointestinal function[12(6, 24)h VS 20(18, 24)h, U=585.500, P<0.001]. Compared with the laparoscopic group, the patients in the endoscopic group had a higher complication rate[55.2%(16/29)VS 11.5%(3/26), χ2=11.543, P<0.001]and a lower intact tumor removal rate [89.7%(26/29)VS 100.0%(26/26),χ2=23.989,P<0.001]. The other perioperative parameters such as the incidence of intraoperative major bleeding, postoperative peritonitis, postoperative fasting time, hospitalization time and total hospitalization expenses showed no statistical different(all P>0.05). The postoperative follow-up time was 30.0(17.5,50.0)and 38.5(26.0,49.8)months in the endoscopic and laparoscopic group,respectively. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two group[3.4%(1/29)VS 7.7%(2/26),χ2=0.009,P=0.922]. Conclusion Endoscopic resection may be an alternative therapeutic approach for large gastric stromal tumors with shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss,and earlier recovery time of gastrointestinal function.

Objective:To investigate the expression and prognostic value of the Oct4 protein in colon cancer.Methods:Immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the expression of Oct4 protein in 89 left side colon cancer(LCC)tissues and 77 right-side colon cancer(RCC) tissues.The relationship among Oct4 expression,clinicopathological parameters,and the prognostic value of Oct4 in colon cancer was analyzed.Results:The positive rate of Oct4 protein in LCC was 68.54%,and that in RCC was 71.43%.There was no significant difference between the two values.In addition,Oct4 expression in RCC was positively correlated with histological grade,lymph node metastasis,and Dukes staging.By contrast,Oct4 expression in LCC was only positively correlated with histological grade and Dukes staging.In survival analysis, the 5-year survival rate of LCC was significantly higher than that in RCC(P<0.01).In patients with LCC,no obvious correlation was found between positive and negative Oct4 expression levels in OS.In patients with RCC,Oct4 overexpression indicated poor prognosis(P<0.05). Also,in Cox survival analysis,Oct4 overexpression indicated poor prognosis in RCC but not in LCC.Conclusion:These results indicated that Oct4 plays different roles in LCC and RCC.These roles can be used as theoretical basis for exploring new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of herbal cake-separated moxibustion using the classical formula Xiaoyaosan in alleviating neuroimmune inflammatory responses in chronic fatigue syndrome （CFS） rats， based on the regulation of the toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）/myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88）/nuclear transcription factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway. MethodsFifty SPF-grade SD rats aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into five groups： Normal group， model group， sham herbal cake moxibustion group， Chinese medicine intragastric administration group， and herbal cake-separated moxibustion group， with 10 rats in each group. Except for the normal group， all other groups underwent a 21-day modeling process， followed by behavioral testing. The herbal cake-separated moxibustion and sham herbal cake moxibustion groups received interventions at the Shenque （CV8）， Guanyuan （CV4）， Zusanli （ST36）， and Qimen （LR14） acupoints. The Chinese medicine intragastric administration group was treated with a Xiaoyaosan suspension via gavage. Behavioral tests were conducted after 10 days of continuous intervention. Serum levels of interleukin （IL）-1β， IL-6， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， as well as hippocampal levels of IL-1β， IL-6， TNF-α， and NF-κB， were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Morphological changes in the hippocampus were observed using hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect mRNA expression levels of TLR4， MyD88， and NF-κB in the hippocampus. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the relative expression levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， and p65 proteins in the hippocampus. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group showed a significant decrease in upright times during the open field test （P<0.01）， as well as significant reductions in total movement distance， resting time， and center region duration （P<0.01）. In the tail suspension test， immobility time increased （P<0.01）， and struggle times decreased （P<0.01）. Serum and hippocampal levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α， as well as hippocampal NF-κB levels and TLR4， MyD88， and NF-κB mRNA expression， were significantly elevated （P<0.01）. After treatment， compared with the model group， the total movement distance and upright times in the open field test were significantly increased in all treatment groups （P<0.01）， while resting time and center region duration were notably prolonged （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Immobility time in the tail suspension test was significantly shortened （P<0.01）， and struggle times significantly increased （P<0.05）. Serum and hippocampal levels of IL-1β， IL-6， TNF-α， hippocampal NF-κB levels， and TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA expression were significantly reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the sham herbal cake moxibustion group， the herbal cake-separated moxibustion group showed a significant extension in center region duration during the open field test （P<0.05） and a significant increase in upright times （P<0.01）. In the tail suspension test， immobility time was reduced （P<0.01）， and struggle times increased （P<0.01）. Serum TNF-α levels in the Chinese medicine intragastric administration group were significantly reduced （P<0.01）， while serum IL-6 levels， as well as hippocampal levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， NF-κB， and TLR4， MyD88， and NF-κB mRNA expression， were significantly decreased in both the Chinese medicine intragastric administration group and the herbal cake-separated moxibustion group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the Chinese medicine intragastric administration group， the herbal cake-separated moxibustion group exhibited significantly increased upright times in the open field test （P<0.01）. In the tail suspension test， immobility time was reduced （P<0.01）， and struggle times increased （P<0.01）. Serum IL-1β， hippocampal TNF-α levels， and TLR4， MyD88， and NF-κB mRNA expression were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionHerbal cake-separated moxibustion effectively improves fatigue and memory function in CFS rats， regulates neuroimmune inflammatory responses， and its mechanism may be related to the modulation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage commonly presents in traumatic brain injury patients, and it may lead to complications such as meningitis, ventriculitis, brain abscess, subdural hematoma or tension pneumocephalus. When misdiagnosed or inappropriately treated, traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage may result in severe complications and may be life-threatening. Some traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage has concealed manifestations and is prone to misdiagnosis. Due to different sites and mechanisms of trauma and degree of cerebrospinal fluid leak, treatments for traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage varies greatly. Hence, the Craniocerebral Trauma Professional Group of Neurosurgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Neurological Injury Professional Group of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate the " Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage in adults ( version 2023)" based on existing clinical evidence and experience. The consensus consisted of 16 recommendations, covering the leakage diagnosis, localization, treatments, and intracranial infection prevention, so as to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage and improve the overall prognosis of the patients.