Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Granzymes ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Multivariate Analysis ; S100 Proteins ; analysis ; Serine Endopeptidases ; analysis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology

A series of five endodermal sinus tumors was studied for their cytoskeletal and other phenotypic markers. They included 2 ovarian, 2 testicular, and 1 inguinal tumors. The cytoskeletal expression was also studied by gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. Every tumor was diffusely and strongly immunostained for cytokeratin. By SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting, cytokeratins 8 & 18 were detected. Vimentin was focally coexpressed in 4 cases. The stroma was diffusely immunostained for vimentin. None of them expressed desmin, neurofilament, or glial filament protein. Desmoplakin was expressed only in one ovarian tumor. Alpha-fetoprotein and S-100 protein were also diffusely positive among the neoplastic cells; intracytoplasmic globules were especially strongly immunostained. These findings suggest that endodermal sinus tumors represent a group of pure malignant epithelial neoplasms, and may be regarded as primitive carcinomas.
Adult ; Child, Preschool ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/*analysis ; Desmoplakins ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor/*immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant ; Male ; S100 Proteins/*analysis ; alpha-Fetoproteins/*analysis

Amputation neuroma or traumatic neuroma is a tumor-like secondary hyperplasia that may develop after an accidental or surgical trauma. Amputation neuroma of the bile duct has occasionally been reported which occurred in the cystic duct stump late after the cholecystectomy. However, even if the amputation neuroma is suspected in a patient with late-onset jaundice after cholecystectomy, the differential diagnosis from a malignancy is difficult preoperatively. We experienced a case of the amputation neuroma of common bile duct (CBD) developed in a 70-year-old man who presented with a polypoid mass in CBD. He had undergone cholecystectomy 25 years ago and choledochojejunostomy 12 years ago, respectively. We have performed pylorus-preserving pancreatico-duodenectomy (PPPD) under the impression of CBD cancer. He had not been diagnosed of amputation neuroma until having undergone PPPD. We report a case of CBD neuroma mimicking CBD cancer, which was confirmed after PPPD.
Aged ; Common Bile Duct Neoplasms/*diagnosis/radiography ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Neuroma/*diagnosis/pathology/radiography ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; S100 Proteins/immunology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Schwannomas are rare tumors derived from the cells of Schwann which form the neural sheath. Some patients with gastrointestinal schwannoma have been previously reported in the literature. However, schwannomas of the colon are extremely rare. We herein describe a case of schwannoma of the colon. A 49-year-old woman was admitted with complaint of abdominal pain and investigations revealed the presence of a 4 cm sized mass in the ascending colon. Following right hemicolectomy, histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the colonic lesion to be a benign schwannoma. There was no evidence of specific complication or recurrence until now.
Colon, Ascending/*pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/ultrasonography ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma/*diagnosis/pathology/ultrasonography ; S100 Proteins/analysis/immunology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype, differential diagnosis and gene mutation status of the Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD).

METHODSClinical and pathologic findings of 3 ECD cases were examined by gross, microscopic, immunohistochemical methods and BRAF V600E mutation. Related literatures were reviewed.

RESULTSTwo male patients and one female patient presented clinically with multiple skin nodules, bone pain and bony lesions by imaging study. Microscopically, the lesions were composed of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, foamy histiocytes and scattered Touton-type giant cells embedded in reactive fibrous tissue. Lymphocytes, plasma cells, and multinucleated giant cells were also found. Immunohistochemically, all histiocytes were positive for CD68, none of which expressed CD1a, although 2 cases focally expressed weak S-100 stain. In 2 cases,BRAF V600E mutation was detected.

CONCLUSIONSECD is a rare disease of xanthogranulomatous histiocytosis.Its diagnosis relies on pathological and immunohistochemical findings, but correlation with clinical information, especially radiographic findings should be performed.No effective treatment of the disease is currently available.

Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Antigens, CD1 ; analysis ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Erdheim-Chester Disease ; genetics ; immunology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; S100 Proteins ; analysis ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of primary cervical malignant melanoma, and its prognosis.

METHODSThe clinical and pathological data of four patients with primary malignant melanoma of the cervix were analyzed retrospectively. Nerve tissue protein S-100 and monoclonal antibody to melanoma (HMB-45) were measured in all cases by immunohistochemical method. All four patients received radical hysterectomy. Three of them received chemotherapy preoperation or postoperation, and one of them received biotherapy with interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 at the same time. All the cases were followed up.

RESULTSThe average age of four patients was 45 years. Clinical symptoms presented with irregular vaginal bleeding, postcoital bleeding, or increase of vaginal discharge. Gynecologic examination showed polypus papilla cauliflower-shaped or nodulated black-brown or black-blue mass on the cervix. All the four cases were pathologically diagnosed with cervical malignant melanoma. S-100 and HMB-45 were positive in all patients. Two patients died at 6 and 41 months postoperation, respectively. The other two patients survived for 3.5 and 7 years postoperation, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSS-100 protein and HMB-45 play very important roles in the diagnosis of primary malignant melanoma of cervix. Radical hysterectomy, chemotherapy combined with dimethyl triazemo imidazole carboxamide and biological therapies may improve the prognosis of the primary malignant melanoma of cervix if the disease could be diagnosed in an early stage.

Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; metabolism ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Dacarbazine ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Interferon-gamma ; therapeutic use ; Melanoma ; immunology ; pathology ; therapy ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the possible immuno-regulating mechanism of action of Chinese drugs in different combinations (assembled depending different therapeutic principles) through observing the effects of Feiliuping ointment (FLP) and its disassembled prescriptions on dendritic cells (DC) in blood, spleen and tumor in mice with transplanted Lewis lung cancer (LLC).

METHODSPercentages of DC in blood, spleen and tumor of mice with transplanted LLC treated by FLP and its disassembled prescriptions were estimated, and the S-100 protein expression in tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSThe percentage of DC (per thousand) in tumor bearing mice was 0.43 +/- 0.26 in peripheral blood, and 0.32 +/- 0.16 in spleen, significantly lower than those in normal mice 4.68 +/- 0.90 and 3.68 +/- 1.58, P<0.01); and S-100 protein expression in tumor was weakened. After FLP treatment, the percentages of DC (per thousand) in tumor bearing mice were increased to 2.55 +/- 0.29 in peripheral blood and 2.70 +/- 0.63 in spleen (P<0.01), with the S-100 protein expression in tumor tissue up-regulated significantly (P<0.01). Study on different assembled prescriptions of FLP showed that the qi supplementing components of FLP displayed the optimal actions.

CONCLUSIONFLP, a Chinese herbal prescription made depending on Chinese medicine therapeutic principle of strengthening body resistance and consolidating constitution, has an obvious anti-tumor effect, to improve the immunological anti-tumor function of organism by promoting the amount and expression of DC might be the possible intrinsic mechanism.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung ; immunology ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Phytotherapy ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

The interactions between the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells determine the behavior of the primary tumors. Whether cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have a tumor progressive or a protective role likely depends on the type of tumor cells and the CAF subpopulation. In the present study, we analyzed the prognostic significance of CAF subpopulations in colorectal cancer (CRC). CAF phenotypes were analyzed in 302 CRC patients by using antibodies against podoplanin (PDPN), alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), and S100A4. The relationship between the CAF phenotypes and 11 clinicopathological parameters were evaluated and their prognostic significance was analyzed from the disease-free and overall survival times. We observed that at the tumor invasive front, PDPN CAFs were present in 40% of the cases, and S100A4 or alpha-SMA CAFs were detected in all the cases. PDPN/S100A4 and alpha-SMA/S100A4 dual-stained CAFs were observed in 10% and 40% of the cases, respectively. The PDPN+ CAFs were associated with 6 favorable clinicopathological parameters and prolonged disease-free survival time. The PDPN-/alpha-SMA(high) CAFs were associated with 6 aggressive clinicopathological parameters and tended to exhibit shorter disease-free survival time. On the other hand, the PDPN-/S100A4(high) CAFs were associated with 2 tumor progression parameters, but not with disease prognosis. The PDPN+ CAF phenotype is distinct from the alpha-SMA or S100A4 CAFs in that it is associated with less aggressive tumors and a favorable prognosis, whereas the PDPN-/alpha-SMA(high) or PDPN-/S100A4(high) CAFs are associated with tumor progression in CRC. These findings suggest that CAFs can be a useful prognostic biomarker or potential targets of anti-cancer therapy in CRC.
Actins/immunology/*metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies/immunology ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen/blood ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*diagnosis/mortality/pathology ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Phenotype ; Prognosis ; S100 Proteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Tumor Markers, Biological/metabolism

Actins ; metabolism ; Angiomyoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cranial Fossa, Middle ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Melanoma-Specific Antigens ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms ; immunology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the pathologic features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS).

METHODSThe clinical findings, morphologic features and immunophenotype of 3 cases of IDCS were investigated.

RESULTSGross examination showed that IDCS had a greyish-white to greyish-yellow cut surface. The site of occurrence included lung, spleen (with lymph node metastasis) and lymph node. Histologically, the tumor cells were arranged in nests, fascicles and whorls, with intimate admixture of many lymphocytes and plasma cells. They were oval to spindle in shape and contained pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, oval and sometimes grooved nuclei, small distinct nucleoli and ill-defined cell borders. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells expressed S-100 protein.

CONCLUSIONSIDCS is a rare type of histiocytic and dendritic cell malignancy with distinctive morphologic findings. It needs to be distinguished from follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, inflammatory pseudotumor, Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, malignant melanoma, undifferentiated carcinoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining for S-100 protein is helpful in confirming the diagnosis.

Adolescent ; Carcinoma ; pathology ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular ; pathology ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Interdigitating ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Dendritic Cells ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; analysis ; immunology ; Young Adult