Alkaloids ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Coptis ; Research

Alkaloids ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Coptis ; Research

【Objective】 To explore the clinical effect of blood transfusion in children with anemia of different severity. 【Methods】 135 premature infants admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected as research subjects. They were divided into study group(n=99) and the control group(n=36) according to the presence or absence of anemia. The children in the study group were treated with red blood cell transfusion, and the vital signs, Hb, Hct and tissue oxygen saturation of the two groups were compared. 【Results】 After treatment, HR of severe anemicgroup was (118.4±9.2) times/min, which was significantly lower than that of control group as (127.1±12.4) times/min and mildanemic group as (125.7±11.5) times/min; RR of severe anemic group was (25.0±4.7) times/min, which was significantly lower than that of control group as (30.4±5.9) times/min and mild anemic group as(28.5±5.6) times/min.And the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, Hb in severe anemicgroup and moderate anemic group were (140.3±6.5) g/L and (147.4±7.2) g/L, respectively, and Hct in severe anemic group and moderate anemic group were (0.43±0.02) L/L and (0.46±0.02) L/L respectively, which were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, cerebral oxygen saturation and intestinal tissue oxygen saturation of severe anemic group were (79.2±4.0)%and (80.0±4.3)%, which were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Blood transfusion treatment can significantly improve Hb and Hct levels, as well astissue oxygen saturationof premature infants.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effect of modified Wuhutang in the treatment of children with acute asthma. MethodA total of 130 children with acute asthma were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group， with 65 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with modified Wuhutang and the control group was treated with procaterol hydrochloride for one week. The scores of primary symptoms （wheezing， cough， shortness of breath， and chest tightness） and secondary symptoms （mental status， runny nose， dry mouth， tongue texture， tongue coating， stool， etc.）， lung functions， immunoglobulin E （IgE） expression， eosinophil （EOS） count， and serum inflammatory factors， including interleukin （IL）-5， IL-6， IL-8， and IL-1β in two groups before and after treatment were compared. ResultThe data of 126 children were statistically analyzed. As revealed by the results， compared with the conditions before treatment， the scores of primary symptoms and secondary symptoms， serum levels of IL， IgE expression， and EOS count were both reduced in two groups （P<0.05）， lung functions were increased in the two groups（P<0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the observation group showed decreased scores of cough and secondary symptoms （P<0.05）， and insignificant decrease in IL-1β （P<0.05）. The improvement in lung functions， IgE expression， and EOS count in observation group was equivalent to that in control group. ConclusionModified Wuhutang for treatment of acute asthma in children （phlegm-heat obstructing lung syndrome） can significantly relieve the clinical symptoms， improve lung functions， and reduce IgE， IL-5， IL-6， IL-8， IL-1β expression levels and EOS count， and its overall clinical efficacy is superior or equivalent to that of tprocaterol hydrochloride.

The incidence of type 1 diabetes(T1DM)has increased significantly worldwide and has become a major public health problem.At present, it is believed that the occurrence of T1DM is related to various factors such as genetic susceptibility, immunity and environment, but the specific cause and exact mechanism are still not fully explained.In recent years, with the understanding and research of gut micro-ecology, abnormalities in the composition or functionality of gut microbiota lead to a variety of diseases, for instance, gastrointestinal diseases, obesity, cardiovascular disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 2 diabetes and so on.Yet there are evidences indicating that an imbalance of gut microbiota is associated with the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus, and in the T1DM children, the ecology of gut microbiota is different from healthy children.However, there are few studies on the gut microbiota in children with diabetes.This article will review the progress of gut microbiota of children with type 1 diabetes.

IntroductionThe p53 gene is frequently mutated in various forms of human cancers. The p53 signaling pathway isactivated by endogenous and exogenous stress signals and induces growth arrest, cellular senescenceand apoptosis. A common polymorphism occurs at codon 72 of the p53 has been demonstrated that itmight be associated with bladder cancer risk. However, results of researches related to this topic werecontroversial and more investigations and samples size needed.GoalTo evaluate TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism in Mongolian patients with bladder cancer.Materials and MethodWe evaluated TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism in DNA samples from 82 patients with bladder cancerand 82 age and gender matched healthy subjects using polymerase chain reaction-based restrictionfragment length polymorphism. All enrolments of this study were Mongolians. The association betweeneach genotype of TP53 Arg72Pro and bladder cancer risk was examined by the odds ratio and 95%confi dence interval, using logistic regression analysis. The early age onset of bladder cancer patientswas also evaluated among different genotypes of TP53 Arg72Pro.ResultsThe proportion of the polymorphism of TP53 Arg72Pro were RR 53.7% (n=44); PR 34.1% (n=28); andPP 12.2% (n=10) in the bladder cancer patients, whereas RR 52.4% (n=43); PR 28% (n=23); and PP19.6% (n=16) in healthy controls. The PR genotype increased the risk of bladder cancer (OR1.189;95% CI 0.42-0.75; p=0.997) in Mongolian people, whereas PP genotype protected from the cancer(OR=0.610; 95% CI 0.22-0.44, p=0.998) compared to the RR, respectively, however signifi cance isweak. Moreover, there was no association between each genotype of TP53 Arg72Pro (RR=52; PR=54;PP=58) and early onset of bladder cancer in the Mongolian population.Conclusion: Our result indicates that the PR genotype tends to increase the risk of bladder canceramong Mongolians. RR genotype of TP53 Arg72Pro is more prevalent among Mongolians.

Humans ; Diverticulum, Colon ; Fecal Impaction ; Hydrodynamics

Objective: The clinical characteristics of dural arteriovenous fistula with pulsatile tinnitus were analyzed to deepen the understanding of the disease. Methods: The clinical data of five patients complained of pulsatile tinnitus and diagnosed dural arteriovenous fistula in Henan People's Hospital from May 2013 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including 3 males and 2 females, aged 27-65 years. Results: The main clinical symptoms of the five patients were continuous pulsatile tinnitus, accompanied/not accompanied by headache, memory decline, etc., with a course of three months to 20 years. They were diagnosed as dural arteriovenous fistula by digital subtraction angiography, and three cases of tinnitus disappeared and two cases of tinnitus were relieved after embolization. Conclusions The dural arteriovenous fistula is a rare and complicated disease. When the patient complain of the pulsatile tinnitus, the related etiology should be considered and managed properly.

Objective: To study the effects of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA) with Dexmedetomidine, Ropivacaine by local incision infiltration and combined analgesia on inflammatory factors and rapid rehabilitation in infants aged 3-6 months after radical resection of megacolon. Methods: From June 2016 to March 2018, 90 infants aged 3-6 months underwent radical resection of megacolon in Henan Provincial Children′s Hospital as the subjects.According to the postoperative analgesia mode applied to the children, they were divided into Dexmedetomidine group, Ropivacaine group and combined group (Dexmedetomidine PCIA combined with local infiltration of Ropivacaine), 30 cases in each group.The serum levels of interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-10 were measured and recorded 2 hours before operation and 24 hours after operation, and the analgesic scores of 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after operation were recorded.The rapid recovery index of each group, standard and the number of complications were compared. Results: Compared with 2 hours before operation, the serum levels of IL-6 in the Dexmedetomidine group, Ropivacaine group and combined group [(24.61±1.44) ng/L vs.(13.84±0.65) ng/L, (26.39±1.29) ng/L vs.(13.85±0.67) ng/L, (20.58±2.06) ng/L vs.(13.87±0.63) ng/L], IL-10[(27.63±1.52) ng/L vs.(15.79±1.48) ng/L, (28.29±2.34) ng/L vs.(15.41±1.37) ng/L, (23.21±2.71) ng/L vs.(15.47±1.52) ng/L] were significantly higher (all P<0.05), while the levels of IL-6, IL-10 in combined group were lower than those in Dexmedetomidine group and Ropivacaine group (t_a=9.172, 9.835; t_b=10.221, 11.034, all P<0.05). At 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h after operation.The analgesic scores in combined group were(1.89±0.23) scores, (1.87±0.15) scores, (1.95±0.17) scores, (2.08±0.18) scores, those of dexmedetomidine group were(2.06±0.24) scores, (2.08±0.18) scores, (2.76±0.29) scores, (2.55±0.31) scores, those of Ropivacaine group were(2.10±0.26) scores, (2.15±0.26) scores, (2.32±0.19) scores, (3.00±0.28) scores, and the analgesic scores in combined group were significantly lower than those in Dexmedetomidine group and Ropivacaine group(t_a=8.526, 9.364, 10.287, 9.521; t_b=8.729, 9.514, 11.037, 9.184, all P<0.05). In comparison with the first exhaust time, anal extubation time, hospitalization days, hospitalization expenses and antibiotic use time in the three groups, it was found that combined group was significantly better than Dexmedetomidine group and Ropivacaine group(t_a=8.315, 8.294, 7.883, 9.261, 10.487; t_b=8.582, 8.329, 7.916, 9.348, 10.862, all P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the combined group, Dexmedetomidine group, and Ropivacaine group were not significantly different in 3 groups(χ²=0.577, P=0.749). Conclusions The continuous anesthesia of Dexmedetomidine combined with local infiltration of Ropivacaine incision can alleviate the postoperative inflammatory reaction and promote the rapid recovery of children.

Objective: To study the relation between the upper first molar root tips and the maxillary sinus floor in patients with different vertical facial patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to explore the reference data for safe clinical orthodontic treatments. Methods: Three-dimensional images were reconstructed from CBCT data. The CBCT data from 120 adolescents and adults were divided into three groups (low-angle group, average-angle group, high-angle group) based on vertical facial type. For each subject, the distance from the maxillary sinus floor to the upper first molar root tips was measured, and the types of contacts were classified. ANOVA and LSD t tests were used for statistical comparisons and performed using SPSS 19.0. Results: Of the 120 samples, only 27% of the upper first molar root tips lost their contacts with the maxillary sinus floor, and the other 73% of the root tips contacted the sinus to different extents. Significant differences in the distances from the maxillary sinus floor to the upper first molar root tips were found for different vertical facial types (P < 0.05). The high-angle group had the lowest sinus floor, relative to the root tips, of the three adult groups (P < 0.05). In the adult group with a low angle, the measured value for the palatal root tips was the lowest and was significantly different from those in the other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Seventy-three percent of the upper first molar root tips contacted the maxillary sinus floor. The maxillary sinus floor tended to be lower relative to the first molar root tips in patients with a high-angle facial pattern than in others. The roots protruded into the sinus to a greater extent.