Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Verrucous ; diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Scalp ; Skin Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Tooth development is a complex physiological process, which goes through bud stage, cap stage, bell stage and root development stage. The aim of this review article is to report the clinical manifestations of root malformations and the mechanisms of root dysplasias of human teeth. The effects of epithelial root sheath on the development of tooth roots were also elaborated.

AIM: To retrospectively analyze the clinical change of retinal vein occlusion inpatients of the Second People's Hospital of Foshan in the nearby five years.

METHODS: The data of inpatients in the Second People's Hospital of Foshan were collected by the term “retinal vein occlusion”from 2013-01-01 to 2017-12-31. Retrospective analysis of the details for the disease.

RESULTS: Totally 351 patients with retinal vein occlusion were admitted and treated for 473 times in five years. Elder with systemic disease(hypertension, diabetes and renal inadequacy)was more common. The hospital days were significantly statistical difference among five years with the shortest days in 2017. The prevalence of RVO was growing year by year, especially for BRVO, with statistical difference between 2017 and the other four years(P<0.005). Treatments for RVO were mainly including retinal laser, intravitreal injection or both combined. There was significantly statistical difference about the rate of intravitreal injection among five years(P<0.05)with the lowest one in 2013.“1+PRN” therapeutic regimen was more tolerable for patients than “3+PRN”.

CONCLUSION: BRVO is growing more sharply than CRVO in the nearby five years. Retinal laser combined with“1+PRN”intravitreal injection is the main therapeutic regimen for RVO in our hospital.

New-onset refractory status epilepticus(NORSE) is a clinical syndrome, not a specific diagnosis of diseases in patients with new onset of refractive status epilepticus without active epilepsy or other preexisting relevant neurological disorders and is not associated with a clearly acute or active structrue, toxic or metabolic cause.Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome(FIRES) is a subcategory of NORSE, applicable for all ages, occurring in a prior febrile infection starting between 24 hours and 2 weeks before onset of refractory status epilepticus(RSE) with fever or not.Proposed consensus definitions are also applicable for infantile hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia and epilepsy syndrome, RSE, super-RSE, prolonged RSE and prolonged super-RSE.These consensus definitions will promote much more effective communication and multicenter research, and ultimately improve recognition and treatment of these conditions.

AIM: To explore the clinical effect of leizhumab combined with 577nm multi-point scanning matrix laser photocoagulation in the treatment of diabetic macular edema(DME).

METHODS:Totally 127 eyes of 94 patients(January 2017-June 2018)with DME were selected. According to the different treatment methods, RA group was divided into two groups. RA group was only treated with razumab group: the patients in this group were treated with razumab injection; RL group: razumab combined with 577nm multi-point scanning matrix laser group: the patients in this group were treated with razumab combined with 577nm multi-point scanning matrix laser photocoagulation. To observe the treatment effect of RA group and RL group 1mo after three times of leizhumab injection; to check the visual improvement of RA group and RL group before treatment and 1mo, 3mo and 6mo after three times of leizhumab injection; to detect the macular fovea thickness(CMT)of RA group and RL group by optical coherence tomography(OCT); to detect the retinal neogenesis by FFA Vascular leakage area and postoperative complications.

RESULTS: The effective rate(100%)of the patients in the combined group was higher than that in the single group(97%), but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Before treatment, the BCVA of the two groups of patients were 0.57±0.20 and 0.56±0.18(P>0.05). After completing three injections of ranibizumab, the BCVA of the single group of patients at 1, 3, and 6mo were 0.39±0.05, 0.23±0.06,0.18±0.05, the BCVA of the combined group were 0.28±0.08,0.18±0.07, 0.12±0.06, the BCVA of the combined group was better than the control group(P<0.001). Before treatment, the CMT of the two groups of patients were 389±42.54 and 386±38.25, respectively(P>0.05).After completing three injections of ranibizumab, the CMT of the single group at 1, 3,and 6mo were 333.84±38.18, 297.12±27.10, 278.15±26.24μm, the CMT of the combined group were 315.04±39.07, 274.35±28.63, 253.65±25.91μm, the improvement of the CMT of the combined group was better than that of the single group(P<0.001). Before treatment, the leakage area of retinal neovascularization in the two groups was 22.31±3.26 and 21.98±3.18mm2(P>0.05). After the injection of ranibizumab was completed 3 and 6mo, the single group leaked The areas were 18.34±2.19, 7.81±1.28mm2, and the leakage area of the combined group were 14.92±1.98, 5.39±1.42mm2, respectively(P<0.001). Complications occurred in 3 eyes of a single group of patients and complications in 4 eyes of a combined group(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Leizhumab and 577nm multi-point scanning matrix laser photocoagulation are effective and safe in the treatment of DME patients, but the long-term effect of leizhumab combined with 577nm multi-point scanning matrix laser group is better than that of single line intravitreal injection of leizhumab.

Objection: To investigate the effect of miR-32-5p on the radiosensitivity, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells and the underlying mechanism. Methods: Human colorectal cancer SW480 cells and normal colonic epithelial NCM460 cells were cultured. The colorectal cancer cells were divided into the non-transfected and transfected groups (transfected with anti-miR-NC, anti-miR-32-5p, pcDNA, pcDNA-TOB1, anti-miR-32-5p+ si-NC and anti-miR-32-5p+ si-TOB1, respectively). The expression of miR-32-5p and TOB1 at the mRNA and protein levels was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The radiosensitivity of the transfected cells was determined by colony formation assay. The migration and invasion ability of the transfected cells were detected by Transwell assay. Whether miR-32-5p targeted TOB1 was validated by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blot. Results: Compared with human colonic epithelial cells, the expression of miR-32-5p was significantly up-regulated, whereas the expression of TOB1 mRNA and protein was remarkably down-regulated in the colon cancer cells (all P<0.05). Compared with the anti-miR-NC, the quantity of cell migration and invasion was significantly decreased (both P<0.05) and the radiosensitivity ratio was 1.801 in the anti-miR-32-5p group. Compared with the pcDNA group, the quantity of cell migration and invasion was significantly decreased (both P<0.05) and the radiosensitivity ratio was 1.764 in the pcDNA-TOB1 group. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blot confirmed that miR-32-5p negatively regulated the expression of TOB1 protein. Compared with the anti-miR-32-5p+ si-NC group, the quantity of cell migration and invasion was significantly increased (both P<0.05) and the radiosensitivity ratio was 0.591 in the anti-miR-32-5p+ si-TOB1 group. Conclusions Inhibition of miR-32-5p expression can significantly enhance the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells and suppress cell migration and invasion. The underlying mechanism might be related to the targeted up-regulation of TOB1 expression.