PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the intervention model development of health promotion for women workers working in the traditional marketplace, using community capacity building framework. METHODS: Need assessment of the target population, work-related environment investigation, social network group building, and setting health management in the marketplace were performed. Then the interventions including cardiovascular health, musculoskeletal health, and psychological health were conducted. The results were evaluated using NCEP-ATP III(National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III), OWAS, and CES-D. RESULTS: It was found that the intervention program for the vulnerable group in marketplace was appropriate, promoting the improvement of metabolic syndrome and the reduction of pain complaints. Therefore, the intervention framework for health promotion of women workers in the marketplace was developed. Work-related environment assessment also was included in the framework development. Several community capacity building strategies, including developing community resources and promoting partnership, making small social network group, and promoting program participation. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that occupational health nurses and professionals consider the appropriateness of intervention framework development after identifying the needs of women workers' work-related environmental problems.
Adult ; Capacity Building ; Cholesterol ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Education ; Female ; Health Promotion* ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Health Services Research* ; Humans ; Occupational Health

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of an 8 week, self-managed, app-based and poster-based stretching program on musculoskeletal symptoms, flexibility, stretching frequency, self-efficacy, social support, and musculoskeletal disorder knowledge in small manufacturing business workers. Methods: This was a cluster randomized, two-group pretest-posttest design. Workers were assigned to either an app-based (n=20) or a posterbased (n=25) stretching intervention. Both groups received an educational class. The app group also received mobile phone text messages and an app with stretching videos, stretching alarms, stretching records, and information on musculoskeletal disorders. The poster group received workplace stretching posters. Data were collected from April to September 2018 and analyzed with the χ2 test, paired t-test, and independent t-test. Results: There was only a significant difference in social support. Significant increase in flexibility and musculoskeletal symptoms were noted for both groups, but social support and musculoskeletal disorder knowledge were significantly changed only in the poster group. More than half of the workers practiced stretching at least 3 times a week. Conclusion The 8 week, self-managed, workplace stretching program was effective to increase flexibility and stretching frequency to at least 3 times a week. However, effective interventions for musculoskeletal symptoms could not be identified.

Purpose: This study investigated the occupational status and job stress of visiting nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Participants were 151 visiting nurses working in the public health services in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The study was conducted using a structured online questionnaire. Results: The average age of the visiting nurses was 49.5 years. A occupational period was 38.4% of the participants had worked for a period of 6-10 years and 34.5% of them had worked for a period of 11 years or more. In terms of employment type, 74.8% had permanent contracts and 13.9% had fixed terms. 93.4% of nurses were working on COVID-19-related work; and 57.6% of them were working more than 50% of their work. Each visiting nurse provided health services for a total of 436.4 cases on average and the per day count was 14.3 cases. The service was provided through home visits or phone consultations. The results of the job stress were relationship conflict (60.92±20.72), job demand (59.05±14.10), job autonomy (57.83±14.63), job instability (45.25±27.37), organizational system (44.97±17.21), workplace culture (42.71±18.00), and inadequate compensation (35.29±18.14). There was a significant difference in job stress according to the proportion of COVID-19 work was ‘workplace culture’ (p=.023), Job autonomy (p=.053) and Inappropriate compensation(p=.054). Conclusion In order to provide a stable working environment for visiting nurses and effective public visiting health services during unexpected circumstances, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to promote progressive policies and systemic improvements.

No abstract available.
Actinomycosis

Purpose: This study was conducted with a focus group interview that drew out experiences, limitations, and difficulties in the workplace according to the employment conditions of visiting nurses in the public health centers. Methods: A total of 12 visiting nurses are those working in the public sector in Seoul and Gyeonggi province who were willing to participate in the interview. Analysis categories and coding were divided into three categories: compensation system, occupational status, and opinions to improve their treatment. Using the content analysis method, the current working status and compensation system of visiting nurses were described. Results: The main themes derived from the significant statements of visiting nurses were ‘Ten years of frozen salary system’, ‘Full-time workers of their own league’, ‘Excluded from performance benefits’, ‘Every visiting nurses are virtually precarious’, ‘Experience of exclusion and discrimination’, and ‘Reasons and barriers to be a full-time worker’. All of the visiting nurses working in the community insisted on having equal treatment for work of equal value. Visiting nurses in the public health sector wanted to be set to the same payment system and the fair allowance system as well. It is necessary to continuously seek solutions to the problems left in insisting on the civil service of visiting nurses. Conclusion Visiting nurses who were working in a precarious job position felt job insecurity, and experienced discrimination, alienation, and exclusion. Legal and institutional reform is needed to improve the treatment of visiting nurses.

Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune disease wherein autoantibodies and immune complexes cause non-suppurative inflammation in skin and muscle. Although the skin lesions of this disease are well known, the clinical and pathological features of subcutaneous fat lesions remain uncharacterized. Since Weber (1924) reported the development of panniculitis in a patient with dermatomyositis, 23 subsequent cases have been reported. Here, we present the case of a woman who had been diagnosed with dermatomyositis 7 years previously, and presented with diffuse, painful, indurated nodules on her face and upper limbs. A skin biopsy allowed us to diagnose these nodules as panniculitis. The patient was initially treated with high doses of prednisolone and methotrexate. She responded inadequately to these medications, so azathioprine was added to the regimen. The skin lesions subsequently improved and the patient has remained disease-free for 1 year. Here, we present the clinical profile of this patient and review the relevant literature.
Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Autoantibodies ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Azathioprine ; Biopsy ; Dermatomyositis ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Methotrexate ; Muscles ; Panniculitis ; Prednisolone ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Upper Extremity

Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) is a benign lymphoproliferative disease that can affect the lung. Because of its rarity, little is known about the etiology and natural history of NLH. Most cases are usually asymptomatic and found incidentally on imaging studies. Imaging finding of NLH has shown most commonly as a solitary lesion, although multifocal pulmonary nodules may be seen. Surgical resection has proved curative in the cases previously described. We report a rare case of NLH in a 55 year-old man who presented with bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules on chest radiography. Open biopsy was performed from the upper and lower lobe of the left lung. The lesions were pathologically diagnosed as pulmonary NLH. Multifocal residual nodules in both lungs remain stable without spontaneous regression during the 3 years of follow-up.
Biopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hyperplasia* ; Lung* ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules ; Natural History ; Pseudolymphoma ; Radiography ; Thorax

Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) is a benign lymphoproliferative disease that can affect the lung. Because of its rarity, little is known about the etiology and natural history of NLH. Most cases are usually asymptomatic and found incidentally on imaging studies. Imaging finding of NLH has shown most commonly as a solitary lesion, although multifocal pulmonary nodules may be seen. Surgical resection has proved curative in the cases previously described. We report a rare case of NLH in a 55 year-old man who presented with bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules on chest radiography. Open biopsy was performed from the upper and lower lobe of the left lung. The lesions were pathologically diagnosed as pulmonary NLH. Multifocal residual nodules in both lungs remain stable without spontaneous regression during the 3 years of follow-up.
Biopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hyperplasia ; Lung ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules ; Natural History ; Pseudolymphoma ; Radiography ; Thorax

Uninephrectomy (uNx) in young rats causes salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH). Alterations of sodium handling in residual nephrons may play a role in the pathogenesis. Therefore, we evaluated the adaptive alterations of renal sodium transporters according to salt intake in uNx-SSH rats. uNx or sham operations were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats, and normal-salt diet was fed for 4 weeks. Four experimental groups were used: sham-operated rats raised on a high-salt diet for 2 weeks (CHH) or on a low-salt diet for 1 week after 1 week's high-salt diet (CHL) and uNx rats fed on the same diet (NHH, NHL) as the sham-operated rats were fed. Expression of major renal sodium transporters were determined by semiquantitative immunoblotting. Systolic blood pressure was increased in NHH and NHL groups, compared with CHH and CHL, respectively. Protein abundances of Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC2) and Na+/Cl- cotransporter (NCC) in the CHH group were lower than the CHL group. Expression of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)-gamma increased in the CHH group. In contrast, expressions of NKCC2 and NCC in the NHH group didn't show any significant alterations, compared to the NHL group. Expressions of ENaC-alpha and ENaC-beta in the NHH group were higher than the CHH group. Adaptive alterations of NKCC2 and NCC to changes of salt intake were different in the uNx group, and changes in ENaC-alpha and ENaC-beta were also different. These altered regulations of sodium transporters may be involved in the pathogenesis of SSH in the uNx rat model.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Diet ; Diet, Sodium-Restricted ; Epithelial Sodium Channels ; Handling (Psychology) ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Immunoblotting ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Nephrons ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Salicylamides ; Social Control, Formal ; Sodium ; Sodium Chloride Symporters ; Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters

BACKGROUND: The pathophysiologic mechanisms of radiation-induced lung injury should be elucidated to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy and to manage patients exposed to serious radiation by accident. It has been suggested that pro-inflammatory cytokines play an important role in radiation-induced effect on the lung. This study was aimed to investigate changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, MIP-2, IL-1beta and HMGB1, a newly recognized inflammatory mediator. METHODS: The chests of BALB/c mice were selectively irradiated with single fraction of 20 Gy and then sacrificed at indicated times. Pathologic changes in the lung were examined after H&E staining. The expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines was evaluated by ELISA kits in lung homogenate and in serum. RESULTS: Radiation induced inflammatory changes and mild fibrosis in lung. Biphasic increase of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta was found in lung homogenate at 4 hours and at 3 weeks after radiation. The elevation in the second phase tended to be more intense. However, there was no similar change in serum. MIP-2 level was slightly increased in lung homogenate at 4 hours, but not at 3 weeks. HMGB1 was increased at 3 weeks in serum while there was no significant change in lung homogenate. CONCLUSION: Radiation induced a biphasic increase in TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. The effective control of second phase cytokine elevation should contribute to preventing severe lung fibrosis caused by radiation.
Animals ; Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fibrosis ; HMGB1 Protein ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Injury ; Mice ; Thorax ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha