No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Female ; Meconium*

No abstract available.
Blood Donors* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnant Women*

No abstract available.
DNA Topoisomerases* ; DNA*

No abstract available.
Catheters* ; Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital* ; Fetal Therapies* ; Lung*

BACKGROUND: The causes of hemolytic disease of the newborn are discrepancies of ABO group, Rh(D) or other RBC antigens. The discrepancies of Rh subgroups except Rh(D) and K typing can be seen rarely. The clinical symptoms of those types are mild and most clinicians have no interest in them. However, there exist some serious cases that need exchange transfusion. For that, we detected Rh subgroup phenotyping and Kell typing in blood obtained from cord and pregnant women and the frequency of discrepancy. METHODS: We examined the cord and mother's blood collected from 317 pregnant women from May to November, 1997. Rh(D) typing was done using slide method with anti-D (Dade, USA), and other Rh subgroup phenotyping using column agglutination test on MicroTyping system with Rh-K gel card (DiaMed, Switzerland). Irregular antibody screening was done in the cases of discrepancy. RESLUTS: The most frequent phenotype of Rh subgroup was CDe (41.3%) and then CcDEe (39.3%), but the K typing showed 0%. 90 cases of 317 pair-samples (28.4%) showed discrepancies between pregnant women and their neonates. The most frequent type of Rh discrepancy was c+E (50%) and then C or E (11.1%). 62 cord samples which obtained from neonates of Kyungpook and Chonnam provinces showed discrepancies, were all negative in the irregular antibody screening test. CONCLUSIONS: Rh subgroup phenotyping and irregular antibody screening in cord blood by column agglutination test is thought to be helpful in early diagnosis and treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn, as a sufficient amount of cord blood can be collected easily rather than neonatal blood.
Agglutination Tests ; Blood Group Antigens* ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Jeollanam-do ; Mass Screening ; Phenotype ; Pregnant Women*

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with pseudophakic negative dysphotopsia after cataract surgery and to analyze the risk factors of pseudophakic negative dysphotopsia as well as the postoperative effects on patient's satisfaction. METHODS: This study included 1,020 eyes of 690 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and posterior chamber lens insertion between January 2010 and March 2012. Retrospective chart review was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of negative dysphotopsia according to the site of clear corneal incision during cataract surgery and the type of implanted intraocular lens (IOL). The clinical outcome of Neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser anterior capsulotomy in negative dysphotopsia patients was evaluated. Using a telephone survey, patients were asked to subjectively answer 18 questions regarding satisfaction after cataract surgery, the severity of visual symptoms and the effect of negative dysphotopsia in their daily life. RESULTS: Negative dysphotopsia developed in patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery and successful implantation of IOL in the bag. The patients' vision was corrected up to 20/20 (0.00 log MAR) and HVF P60-4 showed no abnormality in their visual field. There were significantly more patients with the SN60WF IOL who reported negative dysphotopsia but no other factors associated with the prevalence of negative dysphotopsia. During the telephone survey, patients complained of difficulties in their daily life related to the negative dysphotopsia symptoms and reported decreased satisfaction after cataract surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Although negative dysphotopsia can decrease the patient's satisfaction after cataract surgery, the genesis of negative dysphotopsia and an objective method to test for negative dysphotopsia is necessary. Therefore, a prospective large study should be conducted to evaluate the cause and treatment of negative dysphotopsia.
Cataract ; Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Phacoemulsification ; Prevalence ; Pseudophakia ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Telephone ; Visual Fields

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with pseudophakic negative dysphotopsia after cataract surgery and to analyze the risk factors of pseudophakic negative dysphotopsia as well as the postoperative effects on patient's satisfaction. METHODS: This study included 1,020 eyes of 690 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and posterior chamber lens insertion between January 2010 and March 2012. Retrospective chart review was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of negative dysphotopsia according to the site of clear corneal incision during cataract surgery and the type of implanted intraocular lens (IOL). The clinical outcome of Neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser anterior capsulotomy in negative dysphotopsia patients was evaluated. Using a telephone survey, patients were asked to subjectively answer 18 questions regarding satisfaction after cataract surgery, the severity of visual symptoms and the effect of negative dysphotopsia in their daily life. RESULTS: Negative dysphotopsia developed in patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery and successful implantation of IOL in the bag. The patients' vision was corrected up to 20/20 (0.00 log MAR) and HVF P60-4 showed no abnormality in their visual field. There were significantly more patients with the SN60WF IOL who reported negative dysphotopsia but no other factors associated with the prevalence of negative dysphotopsia. During the telephone survey, patients complained of difficulties in their daily life related to the negative dysphotopsia symptoms and reported decreased satisfaction after cataract surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Although negative dysphotopsia can decrease the patient's satisfaction after cataract surgery, the genesis of negative dysphotopsia and an objective method to test for negative dysphotopsia is necessary. Therefore, a prospective large study should be conducted to evaluate the cause and treatment of negative dysphotopsia.
Cataract ; Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Phacoemulsification ; Prevalence ; Pseudophakia ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Telephone ; Visual Fields

BACKGROUND: Retention of gestational weight can be a significant contributor to obesity related complications. Few studies have assessed the impact of behavioral factors in Korea. This study was performed to identify the impact of factors on weight change at 1 year postpartum. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent twice by mail to 635 women who delivered singleton infant without complications in Seoul Asan Hospital from January 2002 to March 2002 and 97 available responses were received. Parity, pre-pregnancy weight, fullterm weight and postpartum behaviors were collected from routine medical records and questionnaire. RESULTS: Mean age was 30.5 years and mean pre-pregnancy BMI was 20.9 kg/m2. Mean total weight gain during pregnancy was 13.6+/-4.3 kg/m2 weight change at 1 year postpartum was 1.9+/-3.8 kg. Nearly 17.5% of women experienced a major weight gain of 4.5 kg at 1 year postpartum. Women who had higher pre-pregnancy BMI (> or =23 kg/m2) were at high risk for major weight gained at 1 year postpartum (OR: 4.14). Women who gained 13.6 kg or more during pregnancy and with lower income were at high risk for major weight gain at 1year postpartum (OR: 5.28, 4.13 respectively). CONCLUSION: Pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain and household monthly income are significantly associated with weight change at 1year postpartum. These findings support the need of the guidelines for preventing major weight retention associated with pregnancy.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Obesity ; Parity ; Postal Service ; Postpartum Period* ; Pregnancy ; Seoul ; Weight Gain*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of continuous drug delivery system using microinfusion pump by animal study METHODS: Schirmer test was performed after connecting the microinfusion pump at the superior fornix of rabbit eye. The pump was settled to instill artificial tears. We also evaluated the efficacy of continuous 0.1% fluorometholone infusion after alkali burn induced by 1N NaOH. RESULTS: Average change in Schirmer tear test value was 12.0mm/5min. The recovery after alkali burn was improved in the eye of continuous infusion of steroid eye drops. CONCLUSIONS: Microinfusion pump was thought to be useful as a continuous eye drops delivery system. It would be applicable to infuse artificial tears continuously in severe dry eye patients and to infuse antibiotic eye drops in infectous eye disease patients.
Alkalies ; Animals ; Burns ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Eye Diseases ; Fluorometholone ; Humans ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Tears

PURPOSE: To assess long-term clinical outcomes and factors influencing refractive change after implantation of hydrophilic (Akreos AO) and hydrophobic (Acrysof IQ) acrylic intraocular lens. METHODS: After phacoemulsification, intraocular lens was inserted in the bag (Akreos AO for 84 eyes and Acrysof IQ for 19 eyes). Uncorrected visual acuities (UCVA), refraction in both spherical equivalent (SE) and astigmatism were compared longitudinally in more than 2 years follow-up. Factors associated with SE change > or =0.5 diopter (D) after Akreos AO implantation were analyzed with logistic regression. RESULTS: Although Akreos AO showed hyperopic change mainly within 6 months, UCVA and astigmatism change were not statistically significant during follow up (+0.15 +/- 0.43 D, p = 0.027). UCVA, SE, astigmatism were not changed after Acrysof IQ implantation and not significantly different between two groups during follow up. Preoperative anterior chamber depth was a sole factor associated with SE change > or =0.5 D after Akreos AO implantation (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Possible hyperopic shift after Akreos AO implantation should be considered in setting target diopter, especially in eye with shallow anterior chamber.
Anterior Chamber ; Astigmatism ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hyperopia ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Logistic Models ; Phacoemulsification ; Visual Acuity