Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is mainly secondary to a variety of acquired brain injuries, with the highest incidence of traumatic brain injury. Multiple symptoms such as paroxysmal tachycardia, shortness of breath, hypertension, hyperthermia and dystonia can occur simultaneously and repeatedly. The pathophysiological mechanism of PSH is complex. At present, drug treatment is mainly used to control symptoms; however, the combined use of multiple drugs will bring different degrees of toxic and side effects to multiple organs such as liver, kidney and lung while inhibiting sympathetic excitement. This paper mainly reviews the recent advance in non-drug treatment of PSH after craniocerebral injury from 4 aspects: nutritional support, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, avoidance of adverse stimulation and family support to standardize the PSH comprehensive management, and reduce episodes in order to improve prognosis and provide reference for clinical treatment.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of indocyanine green (ICG) navigation in the surgical resection of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE).Methods:Seven women undergoing surgery for AWE in First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (from July 1, 2021 to October 1, 2021) were collected. After exposure of the focus, ICG were used intravenously (0.25 mg/kg) as fluorescent dye for the intraoperative evaluation of AWE vascularization. Resection of the AWE was guided by direct visualization of the focus under standard laparoscopy with a near-infrared (NIR) camera head. Surgical margin around the AWE (3, 6, 9 and 12 point) and the margin under the focus were obtained for postoperative pathological examination of endometriosis. Time from injection to fluorescence visualization, the proportion of fluorescence visualization, time of fully resection of AWE, side effects related to the use of ICG, perioperative complications as well as the pathological result of the surgical margins were recorded.Results:ICG fluorescence of the AWE were seen in 5 patients (5/7). The mean time from injection to fluorescence visualization was (46.7±9.8) s. The mean time of fully resection of AWE was (16.4±7.0) minutes. There were no side effects related to the use of ICG. The rate of class-A wound healing was 7/7. All of the surgical margins were confirmed endometriosis-negative by postoperative pathological examination.Conclusion:ICG fluorescence visualization could conduct accurate resection of AWE, which is clinically safe and effective.