AIM: To establish an HPLC method for determining sophocarpine,sophoridine and oxymatrine in Sophora flavescens Ait,so as to investigate their contents in different years and different parts. METHODS: An Elite Hypersil NH2 column(250 mm ? 4. 6 mm,5 ?m) was used with the mobile phase being acetonitrile-absolute alcohol-3% phosphoric acid solution(82 ∶ 10 ∶ 8),flow rate being 1 mL/min,determinating wavelength being 220 nm,the column temperature being 26 ℃,The injection volume was 5 ?L. RESULTS: The calibration curves of sophocarpine,sophoridine and oxymatrine were in good linearity over the ranges of 0. 004 99 - 0. 149 7 ?g(r = 0. 999 9),0. 025 08 - 0. 752 25 ?g(r = 0. 999 9),0. 075 38 - 2. 261 25 ?g(r = 0. 999 9); and the average recovery of sophocarpine,sophoridine and oxymatrine was 99. 91% ,99. 26% ,100. 27% with RSD of 1. 11% , 0. 82% ,2. 18% respectively. CONCLUSION: The HPLC method shows a good separation,reproducibility and accuracy,there are obvious differences in the contents of three alkaloids in different years and different parts of Sophora flavescens Ait. The results provide important data for quality evaluation and utilization of Sophora flavescens materials.

Objective To optimize the process conditions of the oil extraction ofseabuckthorn oil and to evaluate its antioxidant activity by anti-free radical action.Methods The extraction time and particle size of sea-buckseed oil were optimized by using the response surface software design-expert.Its antio xidant activity was studied through its anti-dpph free radical reaction.Results The best process of seabuckthorn seed oil was extracting time 3 h,material liquid than 1:8,extraction temperature 80 C,about 30 mesh size,the yield is highest at 11.13％.The optimum reaction time was 8 min in control,and with the increase of concentration,seabuckthorn oil antioxidant activity increased,when the addition amount of 4.00 ml sample,clearance rate as high as 77.62％.Conclusions This method is simple and reliable,the extraction rate is high,and the test results show that the oil has obvious anti-oxidative effect,which can be used as whitening and wrinkling products to delay the aging of human body.

Objective:To examine the validity and reliability of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist(PSC)in suspended students in China(based on parent reports).Methods:A total of 184 parents were included in this study,PSC was used to assess students aged 10-19 who were suspended from primary and secondary school due to psy-chological problems.Results:After removing the fourth entry of the original scale("too active,non-active"),the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three-factor model fit well(x2/df=1.57,RMSEA=0.06,CFI=0.93,TLI=0.91,SRMR=0.07).The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the scale overall and the three dimensions of internalization,externalization and attention problem were 0.85,0.80,0.76 and 0.69,respectively.Conclusion:After removing the fourth entry,PSC has good construct validity and reliability evaluating psychological problems of suspended primary and secondary school students.

Objective Network pharmacology was used to explore the mechanism of action of Yixin Jianpi prescription in the treatment of coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure.Methods With the help of traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology(TCMSP),traditional Chinese medicine integrated database(TCMID)and other databases combined with literature data to screen the active ingredient targets of Yixin Jianpi prescription,the human gene database(GeneCards),online mendelian inheritance in man(OMIM)and other databases were used to search for disease targets.The STRING platform combines Cytoscape software to construct a"component-target-disease"network diagram and protein interaction network.Gene ontology(GO)functionality and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis using the DAVID database.The key components are taken and the target is molecularly docked with AutoDuck tools.Results 265 potential targets of Yixin Jianpi Prescription were obtained,and 106 of them were common targets of"homotherapy for heteropathy";The key active ingredients were quercetin,kaempferol,β-sitosterol,etc.and the core targets were SRC,AKT1,MAPK1,TP53,etc.Biological processes involve positive regulation of gene expression,negative regulation of apoptosis,signal transduction,etc.involving lipid and atherosclerosis,fluid shear stress,atherosclerosis and inflammatory response.Molecular docking verified the stable docking of key components quercetin and kaempferol with SRC,AKT1 and MAPK1 targets.Conclusion The study reveals the multi-component,multi-target,and multi-pathway mechanism of"homotherapy for heteropathy"of coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure by Yixin Jianpi prescription,and provides a basis for exploring its new clinical applications.

Hereditary ocular fundus disease is an important cause of irreversible damage to patients' visual acuity.It has attracted much attention due to its poor prognosis and lack of effective clinical interventions.With the discovery of a large number of hereditary ocular fundus genes and the development of gene editing technology and stem cell technology,gene and stem cell therapy emerged as the new hope for curing such diseases.Gene therapy is more directed at early hereditary ocular fundus diseases,using wild-type gene fragments to replace mutant genes to maintain existing retinal cell viability.Stem cell therapy is more targeted at advanced hereditary ocular fundus diseases,replacing and filling the disabled retinal cell with healthy stem cells.Although gene and stem cell therapy still face many problems such as gene off-target,differentiation efficiency,cell migration and long-term efficacy,the results obtained in preclinical and clinical trials should not be underestimated.With the emergence of various new technologies and new materials,it is bound to further assist gene and stem cell therapy,bringing unlimited opportunities and possibilities for the clinical cure of hereditary ocular fundus diseases.

Iron is an essential element for living organisms that plays critical roles in the process of bacterial growth and metabolism. However, it remains to be elucidated whether piuB encoding iron-uptake factor is involved in iron uptake and pathogenicity of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag). To investigate the function of piuB, we firstly generated a piuB deletion mutant (ΔpiuB) by homologous recombination. Compared with the wild-type, the piuB mutant exhibited significantly reduced growth and virulence in host soybean. The mutant displayed markedly increased siderophore secretory volume, and its sensitivity to Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Mn²⁺ was significantly enhanced. Additionally, the H₂O₂ resistance, exopolysaccharide yield, biofilm formation, and cell mobility of ΔpiuB were significantly diminished compared to that of the wild-type. The addition of exogenous Fe³⁺ cannot effectively restore the above characteristics of ΔpiuB. However, expressing piuB in trans rescued the properties lost by ΔpiuB to the levels in the wild-type. Taken together, our results demonstrated that PiuB is a potential factor for Xag to assimilate Fe³⁺, and is necessary for Xag to be pathogenic in host soybean.
Iron ; Glycine max ; Virulence ; Xanthomonas axonopodis/genetics* ; Hydrogen Peroxide

BACKGROUNDN-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) are excellent biomarkers for detecting heart failure and subclinical myocardial injury. However, it remains unclear whether subclinical myocardial injury is associated with NT-proBNP elevation in a community based population.

METHODSIn a community based study, levels of hs-cTnT and of NT-proBNP were determined in 1 497 participants older than 45 years. The lower detection limit of the hs-cTnT assay used in the present study was 0.003 ng/ml. The association of hs-cTnT levels and NT-proBNP levels was analyzed.

RESULTSWhen the subjects with undetectable (<0.003 ng/ml), intermediate (0.003-0.014 ng/ml), and elevated (≥0.014 ng/ml) levels of hs-cTnT were compared (r = 0.175, P < 0.001), a strong association between the hs-cTnT levels and NT-proBNP levels was observed (β = -0.206, P < 0.001; β = -0.118, P < 0.001, respectively). In multivariable analyses, older age and hs-cTnT were positively and independently associated with NT-proBNP levels (β = 0.341, P < 0.001; β = 0.143, P < 0.001, respectively), and male gender and the levels of eGFR were inversely and independently associated with NT-proBNP levels. When the subjects with normal or elevated NT-proBNP were analyzed separately, the hs-cTnT level was not an independent predictor for the NT-proBNP level in the normal NT-proBNP group, whereas the hs-cTnT level was the only independent predictor for NT-proBNP level in the elevated NT-proBNP group (β = 0.399, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSIn this community based population, NT-proBNP elevation was common. In addition to female gender and older age, subclinical myocardial injury indicated by the hs-cTnT level was another important factor in NT-proBNP elevation.

Biomarkers ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; blood ; Peptide Fragments ; blood ; Troponin T ; blood