Objective:To evaluate the value of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT-based radiomics models in differentiation between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods:Data from 50 patients with prostate cancer (age: (70.0±8.8) years) and 25 patients with BPH (age: (66.9±9.4) years) who underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT imaging and prostate biopsy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from May 2020 to September 2022 were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into the training set ( n=53) and test set ( n=22) in the ratio of 7∶3 by using random seed number. The ROIs were delineated based on PET and CT images, and radiomics features were extracted respectively. Feature selection was performed using the minimum redundancy and maximum relevance (mRMR) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. PET and PET/CT radiomics models were generated using logistic regression. ROC curve analysis was employed for model evaluation. In addition, comparisons of the 2 radiomics models with parameters including the ratio of free prostate specific antigen (fPSA)/total prostate specific antigen (tPSA), PET metabolic parameters, as well as prostate cancer molecular imaging standardize evaluation (PROMISE) were conducted (Delong test). Results:A total of 7 features were included in the PET radiomics model, and 3 CT-based features and 4 PET-based features were included in the PET/CT radiomics model. The AUCs of PET and PET/CT radiomics models in the training set and test set were 0.941, 0.914 and 0.965, 0.914, respectively, which were higher than those of fPSA/tPSA (0.719 and 0.710), SUV max(0.748 and 0.800), peak of SUV (SUV peak, 0.722 and 0.771), metabolic tumor volume (MTV, 0.640 and 0.595), total lesion uptake (TLU, 0.525 and 0.476) and PROMISE (0.644 and 0.667)[ z values for the training set: from -6.26 to -3.13, all P<0.01; z values for the test set: from -3.16 to -1.08, P>0.05 (fPSA/tPSA, SUV max, SUV peak) or P<0.05 (MTV, TLU, PROMISE)]. The differential diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of PET and PET/CT radiomics models in the test set were 86.36%(19/22), 13/15, 6/7 and 90.91%(20/22), 15/15, 5/7, respectively. Conclusion:Compared with the clinical and PET parameters, PSMA PET/CT-based radiomics model can further improve the efficiency of differential diagnosis between prostate cancer and BPH.

Objective To optimize the wine steamed Radix Rehmanniae processing technology.Methods The single factor experiment method was used to investigate the wine steamed Rehmannia glutinosa.Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS)was used to determine the content of active ingredients such as stachyose tetrahydrate,manninotriose,melibiose,fructose,echinacoside,rhmannioside C,rhmannioside D,verbascoside,verbascoside,melittoside,monomelittoside,D(+)-raffinose pentahydrate,8-epicarnolic acid,catalpol,dihydrocatalpol,ajugol and so on.Through analytic hierarchy process and criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation(AHP-CRITIC),the content of the above chemical components and the color and sweetness values of rehmannia decoction pieces were used as evaluation indexes,and the amount of wine,steaming time and stuffiness time of steamed Rehmannia were investigated by a single-factor test method.The Box-Behnken response surface method was used to carry out the experimental design,and the divine Rehmannia processing process optimized.Results The optimal processing technology of wine steamed Radix Rehmanniae was as followed:20.6 g of alcohol per 100 g of herbs,1.5 h of stuffiness,and 6.5 h of steaming time.Conclusion The process of wine steamed rehmannia determined in this experiment is feasible,which can provide a reference for the research of processed rehmannia and provide certain guiding significance for the processed variety in industrial production.