Radix Tetrastigmatis is a traditional medicinal herb in Zhejiang and Fujian provinces.It mainly contains flavonoids,organic acids,phenols,volatile oils,triterpenes and sterols,polysaccharides,etc.It has the effects of anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,anti-viral,hepatoprotective,and can prevent and treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.This article reviewed the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Radix Tetrastigmatis,and looked forward to its development prospects,so as to provide reference for its rational development and utilization.

Objective:To study the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in the third trimester in the Southwest of Shandong Province, analyze its impact on their cardiac electrical activity, and provide a basis for scientific supplementation of iodine during pregnancy.Methods:From January 2021 to June 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using cluster random sampling method. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 200 pregnant women in the third trimester were selected from 3 tertiary hospitals in three cities in the Southwest of Shandong Province, and were divided into the third trimester group ( n = 600), and 100 non-pregnant women were selected as the control group ( n = 300). The urinary iodine content was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry, and the pregnant women in the third trimester group were subdivided into iodine deficiency subgroup [G1 subgroup, median urinary iodine (MUIC) < 150 μg/L] based on the MUIC, iodine excess subgroup (G2 subgroup, MUIC≥500 μg/L) and moderate iodine subgroup (G3 subgroup, 150 μg/L≤MUIC < 500 μg/L). Chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure the serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT 4) and free triiodothyronine (FT 3). The cardiac electrical indexes were detected by a 12-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG) machine. Results:There was no statistically significant difference in urinary iodine levels between pregnant women in the third trimester group and non-pregnant women in the control group among the 3 tertiary hospitals in the Southwest of Shandong Province ( H = 3.63, 3.27, P > 0.05). In the third trimester group, the proportion of pregnant women in the G1, G2 and G3 subgroups was 27.67% (166/600), 6.83% (41/600) and 65.50% (393/600), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in urinary iodine levels between the subgroups and the control group ( H = 11.56, P < 0.001). The serum FT 3 and FT 4 levels in the G2 subgroup were lower than those in the G1 and G3 subgroups ( P < 0.001), but there was no statistically significant difference in serum TSH levels among the three subgroups ( P > 0.05). The normal rates of ECG in the G1, G2, G3 subgroups, and the control group were 38.55% (64/166), 41.46% (17/41), 92.37% (363/393), and 95.33% (286/300), respectively. The difference between the groups were statistically significant (χ 2 = 461.25, P < 0.001), the normal rate of ECG in the G1 and G2 subgroups was lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.001). Short P-R intervals and ST-T changes were the most common abnormal ECG in the third trimester group. Conclusions:The incidence of iodine deficiency, iodine excess, and other abnormal iodine nutritional status in pregnant women in the third trimester of the Southwest of Shandong Province is relatively high. Short P-R intervals, ST-T changes, and other arrhythmia caused by this are more common. It is necessary to strengthen monitoring of iodine nutritional status and ECG during pregnancy, and adjust intervention strategies such as iodine supplementation in a timely manner.

Objective:To study the treatment outcomes of transjugular intrahepatic portal shunt (TIPS) on refractory hepatic sinus obstruction syndrome (HSOS) caused by Gynura segetum.Methods:The clinical data of 15 patients with refractory HSOS caused by Gynura segetum treated at the Department of Vascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2017 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 7 males and 8 females, with ages ranging from 30 to 85 years, mean ± s. d. (61.2±14.1) years. Albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamyl transferase, and portal vein pressure were compared before and after TIPS. The liver function and renal function of these patients were followed up.Results:When compared with pre-operation, the albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and other indexes were significantly improved after TIPS (all P<0.05). The portal vein pressure of 15 patients significantly decreased from the preoperative volume of (41.7±3.5) cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa) to (28.3±4.4) cmH 2O ( t=10.41, P<0.001). The preoperative liver function was Child-Pugh grade A in 1 patient, grade B in 8 patients, grade C in 6 patients. The postoperative Child-Pugh grading was grade A in 14 patients and grade B in 1 patient. Ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, abdominal distention and spontaneous peritonitis all disappeared in these 15 patients. Postoperative hepatic encephalopathy developed in 2 patients and hepatic myelopathy in 1 patient. Conclusion:TIPS for treatment of HSOS caused by Gynura segetum resulted in a rapid recovery of liver function, rapid symptomatic relief, with a low incidence of hepatic encephalopathy/hepatic myelopathy.