Objective To evaluate the variation of left atrial ejection force index (LAEFI) and its determinants in patients with primary hypertension. Methods Using two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography, LAEFI was measured in 28 normal subjects (control group) and 54 patients with primary hypertension (hypertensive group). Taking the mean + 2SD of LAEFI of the control group as the upper cut-off value, the hypertensive group was divided into two subgroups: group I of LAEFI within the normal range and group II above that. Related clinical variables and echo parameters were compared between the two groups, and stepwise regression was made to determine the influencing factors of LAEFI variation in hypertensive group. Results (1) LAEFI of hypertensive group was larger than that of control group. (2) Multivariate regression demonstrated that LAPVI, AGE and LVMI entered the regression equation.Conclusions (1) LAEFI increased in patients with hypertension, indicating that left atrial systolic function is strengthened for compensation. (2) LAPVI, AGE and LVMI are the most important determinants of LAEFI variation in patients with hypertension.

Objective To evaluate the variation of aortic distensibility and its relation with left ventricular concentric remodeling in patients with primary hypertension.Methods Using two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography,aortic distensibility (AD) and relative wall thickness (RWT),a parameter of left ventricular concentric remodeling were measured in 23 normal subjects (control group) and 32 patients with primary hypertension (hypertensive group).Taking the mean- 1.645 s of control group as the normal cut off value of AD,the hypertensive group was divided into two subgroups: group I with AD value lower than normal and group II within the normal range.Related clinical variables and echo parameters were compared between the two groups and stepwise regression was made to determine the relationship between AD and RWT.Results AD of hypertensive group was lower than that of control group; Univariate analysis showed that AD was significantly related to RWT,age and systolic blood pressure in hypertensive group; Multivariate regression demonstrated that RWT,age and systolic blood pressure entered the regression equation.Conclusions Aortic distensibility decreased in patients with hypertension and its reduction showed close relations with concentric remodeling of left ventricle,aging and increased systolic blood pressure.

Objective To explore the value of integrate d backscatter technique (IBS) in quantitative evaluation of myocardial viability and left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods In 18 healthy subjects (control group) and 36 patients with first onset AMI, IBS images were obtained at apical long axis, 2- and 4-chamber views within one week, at 1 and 3 months after percutaneous intracoronary stenting. The dynamic changes of IBS and its cyclic variation (CVIB) at middle segments of six different walls of left ventricle were compared with normal control, and the relations of these changes with the remodeling and the function of left ventricle were analyzed. Results Based on the existence of LVRM, the patients were divided into two groups: group A without LVRM and group B with LVRM. In group A, IBS of both infarct and non-infarct segments were not significantly different from control group within one week while CVIB of infarct segments decreased significantly than that of control group. CVIB improved gradually with the recovery of LV function whereas IBS showed no change. In group B, IBS of infarct segments increased significantly than that of control group and CVIB of both infarct and non-infarct segments decreased significantly. IBS of both infarct and non-infarct segments increased gradually while only CVIB of non-infarct segments recovered. Meanwhile, ventricular aneurysm appeared and LV enlarged gradually with LV function not improved. Conclusions The dynamic changes of IBS are different in patients with AMI from normal subjects and it may be clinically useful to evaluate myocardial viability quantitatively and predict LVRM and the recovery of LV function.

ObjectiveTo explore the wall structural ch anges of the carotid with integrated backscatter and their effects on wall distensibility in patients with primary hypertension. MethodsForty-three patients with primary hypertension and 25 normal subjects were enrolled in the study. The corrected integrated backscatter (CIBS) and its cyclic variability (CVIB), the thickness of intima-media (IMT) and the carotid distensibility (CD) were compared between hypertensive group and normal control group. ResultsCIBS and IMT were increased while CD was decreased more significantly in hypertensive patients than in normal subjects. Demonstrated a negative correlation with CD but a positire correlation with IMT in hypertensive patients. ConclusionsThe wall structural changes of the carotid are closely correlated with the functional disorder in patients with primary hypertension.

Objective:To explore the clinical pathological characteristics and initial 131I curative responses of familial differentiated thyroid cancer (FDTC) and sporadic differentiated thyroid cancer (SDTC). Methods:A total of 66 FDTC patients (19 males, 47 females, age (39.8±11.7) years) and 1 701 SDTC patients (442 males, 1 259 females, age (40.9±11.3) years) who underwent 131I therapy in Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between January 2010 and August 2018 were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical pathological characteristics, preablative stimulated thyroglobulin (ps-Tg), preablative stimulated thyroglobulin antibody (ps-TgAb) and response to initial therapy (excellent response, indeterminate response, biochemical incomplete response, structural incomplete response) of two groups were analyzed and compared. The clinical pathological parameters included age, gender, pathological type, tumour maximum diameter, bilateral, multifoci, nodules goiter, thyroiditis, thyroid membrane invasion, lymph node metastasis (LNM), invasion of the surrounding soft tissues, distant metastasis, TNM staging and American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification (low-risk, intermediate-risk, high-risk). χ2 test or Fisher exact test and independent-sample t test were used to compare the data between two groups. Results:Comparing with SDTC group, FDTC group showed higher proportion of bilateral foci (45.5%(30/66) vs 31.2%(530/1 701); χ2=5.999, P=0.010), thyroid membrane invasion (43.9%(29/66) vs 26.6%(452/1 701); χ2=9.672, P=0.002) and distant metastasis (15.2%(10/66) vs 6.2%(105/1 701); χ2=8.418, P=0.004). There was a statistical difference in risk stratification between two groups (high-risk: 18.2%(12/66) vs 9.2%(156/1 701); intermediate-risk: 68.2%(45/66) vs 72.7%(1 237/1 701); low-risk: 13.6%(9/66) vs 18.1%(308/1 701); χ2=6.898, P=0.030). But the tumor maximum diameter of FDTC group was smaller than that of SDTC group ((1.24±0.74) vs (1.50±0.92) cm; t=-2.275, P=0.020). There were no significant differences in other clinical pathological parameters between FDTC group and SDTC group ( t=-0.804, χ2 values: 0.101-5.359, all P>0.05). There were no significant differences between two groups in the postoperation ps-Tg, ps-TgAb levels and the response to initial therapy after 131I treatment ( χ2 values: 0.059-1.915, all P>0.05). Conclusions:The FDTC group displays distinct characteristics as increased aggressiveness at diagnosis. But after accurately treatment, there is no significant difference in the response to therapy between two groups.

Objective To explore the correlation between Galectin-3 ,c-Met , HBME-1 ,CK19 and lymph node metastasis of thyroid carcinoma ,and study the value of ultrasound combined with the markers in estimating prognosis . Methods From December 2015 to September 2016 ,46 patients with thyroid nodules (8 were benign and 38 were malignant) who undergone surgery in our hospital were screened out . Preoperative analysis of ultrasonic manifestations of cervical lymph nodes and the evaluation of lymph node had been done before surgery .Immunohistochemical test of Galectin-3 ,c-Met ,HBME-1 and CK19 by Maxvision one step method for postoperative paraffin wax block were performed . Pathology was the gold standard for the final determination of metastatic lymph nodes . Results Chi-square and prospective chi-square test results showed that ultrasound assessment of metastatic lymph nodes compared with the final pathological results were statistically significant ( P ＜ 0 .001) . The expressions of Galectin-3 and c-Met were statistically significant compared with the lymph node metastasis confirmed by pathology ( Galectin-3 :P ＝0 .005 ;c-Met : P ＜0 .001) . The expressions of HBME-1 and CK19 were not statistically significant ( HBME-1 : P ＝0 .162 ,CK19 : P ＝0 .154) . ROC curve results showed that the comparison of Galectin-3 and c-Met and ultrasound cut-off value had the highest diagnostic value ,the sensitivity was 92 .3% and the specificity was 80 .0% . Conclusions The expressions of Galectin-3 and c-Met are associated with lymph node metastasis of thyroid carcinoma ,but HBME-1 and CK19 are not . Ultrasound combined with the expression of the markers for lymph node metastasis is valuable in guiding the prognosis of patients .

Objective:To discuss the research status and hotspots of Kaixin Powder.Methods:Literature about Kaixin Powder was retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed and Web of Science databases from the establishment of the databases to January 10, 2023. CiteSpace 6.2.R2 and VOSviewer 1.6.16 software were used to visualize and analyze data on the types of literature included, source journals, publication volume, authors, institutions, keywords, etc.Results:Totally 235 articles were included, mainly Chinese journal article. There were 87 source journals involved, among the Chinese and English journals, China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica and J Ethnopharmacol published the most articles. The overall annual number of articles published in the Kaixin Powder showed an upward trend. It involved 505 authors, forming research teams with Liu Ping, Jiang Yanyan and others as the core; The authors of the included literature came from 99 research institutions, and the cooperation between institutions was mainly based on units with the same or similar geographical area, TCM universities and their affiliated hospitals. The data results of keyword co-occurrence clustering network, keyword co-occurrence time network and keyword emergence analysis showed that the composition of the main active components (ginsenosides, poria acid, fine octyl ethers, ketones and oligosaccharide esters), detection methods (high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass chromatography), pharmacological effects (anti-Alzheimer's disease, antidepressant), mechanism of action and clinical application of the combination were the current research hotspots and trends in development. Conclusion:The research of Kaixin Powder mostly focuses on the mechanism of action and clinical research of Alzheimer's disease, depression and other diseases, among which the research on the main active components in Kaixin Powder is a hot topic in recent years, while the development trend of pharmacological mechanism of action and clinical application is better, and the correlation between active components and efficacy may become a new hot direction in the research of Kaixin Powder.

Objective:To investigate the myocardial protective effect of extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) combined with sulfur hexafluoride microbubble post-conditioning on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) in rats, and to provide theoretical support for clinical treatment of MI/RI.Methods:A total of 32 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham operation group (Sham group), MI/RI group (IR group), CSWT group (IR+ SW group), and CSWT combined with sulfur hexafluoride microbubble treatment group (IR+ SW+ MB group), with 8 rats in each group. Therapeutic intervention was performed in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group on the 1st, 3rd and 5th day after modeling. The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) of the rats were measured by echocardiography before and after treatment. On the 7th day, myocardial fibrosis was assessed by Masson staining, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining. The myocardial apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, BAX, Cleaved-Caspase-3 and Cleaved-Caspase-9 in the infarct boundary area were detected by Western blot. The differences of the above indexes among different groups were compared.Results:①There was no significant change in heart rhythm and heart rate among the groups before and after treatment, and there was no significant difference in heart rate ( P>0.05). ②The echocardiographic results after treatment showed that, compared with IR group, LVEDD and LVESD in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group decreased in turn, while LVEF and LVFS increased in turn with significant differences between each two groups (all P<0.05). ③Compared with IR group, the degrees of myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group were alleviated in turn, and the relief in IR+ SW+ MB group was the most obvious. Quantitative analysis showed that compared with IR group, the proportions of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group decreased in turn, and there were significant differences between each two groups (all P<0.05). ④The results of Western blot detection showed that compared with IR group, the levels of Bcl-2 in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group increased in turn, while the levels of BAX and the activation level of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 protein decreased in turn. These differences were all statistically significant between each two groups (all P<0.05) except for the activation level of Caspase-3 protein between IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:CSWT combined with sulfur hexafluoride microbubble therapy can improve left ventricular remodeling and left ventricular systolic function by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis.