In this study, authors observed and compared the clearances of different molecule weight substances between different dialysis membranes and different hemopurification methods. The results showed that the clearances of BUN by hemodialysis (HD) with cuprophan membrane, hemodiafiltration (HDF) with polysulfone and high flux dialysis (HFD) with polysulfone were all satisfactory. TACurea were all below 50 mg. Hemodialysis with cuprophan could clean out some middle molecule substances (MMS), but not ?2-microglobulin (?2m). Hemodiafiltration with polysulfone had the best clearances of MMS and ?2m. Hemofiltration (HF) with polysulfone had fair clearances of MMS and ?2m, but the clearances of BUN and Cr by HF were not so good. The clearances of MMS and ?2m by high flux dialysis were lower than those of HDF and HF. The clearances of MMS and ?2m by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) at a single time were lower than those of HF, HDF and HFD, but the general clearances of MMS and ?2m by CAPD per week were two to four times higher than those by hemodialysis with cuprophan. CAPD is a choice method for those hospitals where HF or HDF can not be performed.

Objective To construct and to identify eukaryotic expression vector expressing Islet-brain 1(IB1) gene.Methods Total RNA was extracted from human insulinoma.IB1 gene was amplified by PCR from human IB1cDNA library.The eukaryotic expression vector encoding IB1 was constructed by inserting the IB1 cDNA into EcoR I/Kpn I sites of the pEGFP-N1 vector with the green fluorescent.The construct was transfected into RINm5F cell line,screened by G418.The phase contrast fluorescence microscope,flow cytometer,and Western blot were used to identify the recombinant plasmid and transfeced cell line.Results The RT-PCR products for IB1(AA1-280)generated from human insulinoma was 840 bp.Sequence analysis proved the same sequence as published in Gen-Bank.Two bands showed that pEGFP-N1 vector encoding IB1 digested by EcoR I or Kpn I.Western blot showed IB1 gene was expressed in RINm5F cells.Conclusion The recombinant prokaryotic expression plasmid pEGFP-N1-IB1 has been successfully constructed.

We have designed and carried out problem based learning (PBL) pedagogy since 2004. According to clinical eases, students learnt the pathophysiology of heart failure knowledge by themselves. Each group recommen-ded one student to make an oral presentation and wrote a review about heart failure. Preparing clinical cases and group discussions are very important. At the same time we should pay attention to the change in role of the teacher in PBL and cooperation with other disciplines.

Objective To evaluate the effect of nicotine pretreatment on cardiac function following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-250 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =20 each):sham operation group (group S),group I/R and nicotine pretreatment group (group N).The rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 20％ urethane 1 g/kg,tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated.Myocardial ischemia was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion.The left anterior descending branch of coronary artery was only exposed,but not occluded in group S.Nicotine 400 μg/kg was injected intravenously via the right jugular vein at 30 min before myocardial ischemia in group N.The equal volume of normal saline was injected instead in groups S and I/R.Before ischemia,at 30 min of ischemia and at 30 and 120 min of reperfusion,10 rats from each group were chosen for record of left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP),left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVDP),± dp/dtmax,HR and mean arterial pressure (MAP).Blood samples were collected from the right carotid artery of the left 10 rats in each group at 60 min of reperfusion to measure plasma CK-MB activity and cTnI and TNF-α concentrations.Results Compared with group S,MAP and LVSP at T2,3 and HR,LVDP and ± dp/dtmax at T1-3 were significantly decreased,and the plasma CK-MB activity and cTnI and TNF-α concentrations were increased in group I/R,and LVDP at T1,2 and HR and ± dp/dtmax at T1-3 were significantly decreased,and the plasma CK-MB activity and cTnI and TNF-α concentrations were increased in group N (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,MAP,HR,LVSP,LVDP and ± dp/dtmax were significantly increased at T3,and the plasma CK-MB activity and cTnI and TNF-α concentrations were decreased in group N (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Nicotine pretreatment can reduce myocardial I/R injury through activating cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway,thus improving cardiac function in rats.

Objective To explore the application of 3D printing technology in individual pelvic structure of female and its value in obstetrics and gynecology based on the CT datasets of the pelvic structure and digital three-dimensional reconstruction. Methods CTA image dataset of a patient from gynecology department was obtained for constructing three-dimensional models of each organ using the digital three-dimensional reconstruction technology , then the digital 3D model with the same size as the model displayed was printed with Z510 3D printer. Results 3D models of patient′s lumbosacral vertebrae, aorta artery, common iliac artery, internal and external iliac artery , postcava , common iliac vein , internal and external iliac vein , pelvis ureter , uterus and uterine artery were printed out in the same size replica of the virtual reality model. Conclusion 3D printed model has all the features of 3D vision and can be touched and felt by people , which can provide new insights for medical education, clinical and medical research.

Objective To explore the prognostic value and immune infiltration landscape of anoikis-related long noncoding RNAs (arlncRNAs) in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods RNA-seq and clinical data of lung adenocarcinoma were downloaded from the TCGA database, and anoikis-related genes were obtained from the GeneCards and Harmonizome databases. Coexpression, differential, and WGCNA analyses were performed to screen differentially expressed arlncRNAs closely related to the occurrence of lung adenocarcinoma. A prognostic risk model was then constructed based on the arlncRNAs, and its predictive efficacy was further validated. Finally, consensus clustering was used to identify the molecular subtypes associated with anoikis in lung adenocarcinoma. Results Seven prognostic arlncRNAs were identified, and the prognostic risk models established based on them had AUC values of ROC curves greater than 0.7. Survival and immune infiltration analyses revealed that low-risk patients had high overall survival and immune infiltration, implying that they experienced good immune treatment effects. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that the high-risk patients were more sensitive to commonly used chemotherapeutic agents than the low-risk patients. According to the expression of model genes, subtypes C1 and C2 were identified through consensus clustering, and C1 showed a good prognosis. Conclusion The prognostic risk model based on the seven arlncRNAs can effectively predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. The results of immune-related and drug sensitivity analyses provide a reference for the precise individualized treatment of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the relationship between Wnt5a gene and E-cadherin or vimentin gene in breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Methods RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of Wnt5a, E-cadherin and vimentin in breast cancer MCF-7 cells and the normal human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A, respectively, and their correlation was analyzed. Results The mRNA expression levels of Wnt5a and E-cadherin in cell line MCF-7 were significantly lower than those in cell line MCF-10A [(16.93± 2.97)%vs. (27.47±2.76) %, (12.97±1.35) % vs. (20.43±2.60) %, both P<0.05]. The mRNA expression level of vimentin in cell line MCF-7 was significantly higher than that in cell line MCF-10A [(16.53±0.85)%(6.33± 2.08) %, P<0.05 ]. In cell line MCF-7, the expression of Wnt5a was positively related to E-cadherin (г=0.997, P<0.05), but it was negatively related to vimentin (г=-0.998, P<0.05). Conclusions The expression of Wnt5a in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 is significantly lower than that in cell line MCF-10A, which indicates that Wnt5a is a cancer suppressor gene in breast cancer. The expression of Wnt5a in cell line MCF-7 is positively related with E-cadherin, and it is negatively related with vimentin. Wnt5a may cause invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cell through the breast epithelial mesenchymal transitions.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Monascus purpureus metabolite.

METHODThe compounds were isolated by column chromatography methods, and their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods.

RESULTEight compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether fraction of ethanolic extract and elucidated as stigmast-4-en-3-one (1), 3-oxo-24-methylenecycloarane (2), stigmasterol (3), 7beta-hydroxystigmasterol (4), 3beta-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one (5), 3beta-hydroxystigmast-5,22-dien-7-one (6), 5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3beta-ol (7), sitosterol (8).

CONCLUSIONAll of the compounds were isolated from this genu for the first time except compound 3 and 7.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Monascus ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Steroids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the expression of B lymphocyte induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1) in peripheral blood CD4 + T cells, CD19 + B cells and labial glands of patients with primary Sj?gren′s syndrome (pSS) and the correlation of Blimp-1 with clinical features. Methods:Expression of PRDM1 at mRNA level in CD4 + T cells, CD19 + B cells and labial gland tissues were detected by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to observe the distribution of Blimp-1. Correlation of PRDM1 expression at mRNA level with clinical indicators was analyzed. Results:PRDM1 expression at mRNA level in CD4 + T and CD19 + B cells were significantly higher in pSS group than in healthy control (HC) group ( P<0.01). Based on European League Against Rheumatism Sj?gren′s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), the patients were classified into two groups: active group (ESSDAI≥5) and inactive group (ESSDAI<5). PRDM1 expression at mRNA level in CD4 + T and CD19 + B cells were also higher in the active group than in inactive group ( P<0.05). Blimp-1 protein accumulated around the acinus and duct of labial gland and in the germinal center in pSS patients. PRDM1 expression at mRNA level in labial gland tissues of pSS patients was positively correlated with lymphocyte infiltration ( r=0.781, P<0.001). Conclusions:pSS displayed high expression of Blimp-1. Blimp-1 might affect pSS disease activity and have clinical significance in pSS treatment.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an unique B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with aggressive biological behavior, high malignancy, fast progress, bad reaction to the normal treatment, short remission after the standard treatment, which is still considered as the an incurable lymphoma type. The 59th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting covered progress of the new target exploration of MCL, the drug resistance study and the optimization of clinical trails. The paper discusses the progress of MCL treatment according to the meeting literatures.