Objective To investigate the relationship between impulsive behaviors and the errorrelated negativity (ERN) component of event-related potentials of error processing in heroin addicts.Methods Using the paradigms for psychological experiment,the Iowa gambling task (IGT) was performed both in heroin addiction group (HA group,20 cases) and healthy control group (HC group,20 cases),and the inspection of electroencephalography was underwent in all subjects concurrently.Following the collection of data,the amplitude and latency of ERN were compared between the two groups,and then the relationship between the amplitude of ERN and the scores of Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) was analyzed separately.Results Decision-making course had no effect on the net score remarkably in HA group (F =1.21,P ＞0.05).Compared with HC group(64.3 ±8.4,73.8 ± 16.4),BIS score as well as the numbers of high frequency loss cards were significantly higher in HA group(75.2 ±7.6,105.5 ±22.2; t =-5.39,-9.24 ; P ＜ 0.05),while both the two groups had visible waveforms of ERN,and the amplitude was markedly lower in HA group(HA:(4.23 ±0.87) μV,HC:(6.11 ± 1.09) μV; t =5.96,P ＜0.05),but no statistical difference was found in latency of these two groups(HC:(102.1 ±28.2) ms,HA:(107.8 ±24.2) ms;t =-0.62,P =0.54),and the amplitude of the two groups was negatively associated with BIS score respectively in both two groups (HC:r =-0.66,HA:r =-0.78 ; both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The reduced capability of error processing maybe partly contribute to both addiction and relapse to heroin addict,and the ERN event-related potential could be regarded as an indicator of impulsive behaviors and the capability error processing.

Objective To analyze and compare the clinical efficacy of CalliSpheres drug-eluting micro-spheres and blank microspheres in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer by bronchial arterial chemoembolization.Methods Fifty patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who had failed or relapsed after radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeting and immunotherapy were collected and treated with super-selective bronchial artery chemoembolization.A retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the tumor response rate and survival between CalliSpheres drug-eluting and blank microspheres.Results The PR,ORR and DCR in the drug-eluted microsphere group were higher than those in the blank microsphere group,and there was a statistical difference in DCR between the two groups 1 month after surgery(χ2 = 4.08,P = 0.04).PD in the drug-eluted microsphere group was lower than that in the blank microsphere group.The CEA,CYF and SCC in the drug-eluted microsphere group after surgery were lower than those in the blank microsphere group,and the CEA,CYF and SCC in the two groups after surgery were lower than those before surgery,and there were statistical differences in CEA and CYF 1 month after surgery between the two groups.The PFS and OS in drug-eluted microsphere group were higher than those in blank microsphere group.Conclusion CalliSpheres drug-eluting microspheres could improve the effective rate of tumor treatment and prolong the survival time more effectively than the blank micro-spheres via arterial chemoembolization,providing reliable clinical practice basis for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective:To analyze the changes in the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever cases in Shanghai City before and after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to provide a reference for scientific prevention and control of scarlet fever.Methods:The information of scarlet fever reported cases in Shanghai City from January 2016 to June 2021 in the information system of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control was collected, and the differences in time trend, regional distribution, age and gender distribution of cases before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 in Shanghai City were analyzed by descriptive epidemiologic method.Results:The incidence rate of scarlet fever reported in 2016-2019 was (0.22-4.02)/100 000 in each month, with a median of 1.13/100 000. During January 2020 (the outbreak began in Shanghai City) and June 2021, the incidence rate of scarlet fever was (0.01-1.64)/100 000, with a median of 0.14/100 000, which was 12.39% of that before the outbreak of COVID-19. During February and June 2020, the monthly reported incidence rate of scarlet fever was (0.18-0.58)/100 000, showing an upward trend compared with the same period in 2020 ((0.01-0.05)/100 000). From 2016 to 2019, the annual reported incidence rate of each district was (0.55-65.48)/100 000, with a median of 9.57/100 000; while in 2020, the annual reported incidence rate of each district was (0.29-9.85)/100 000, with a median of 2.18/100 000, which was 22.78% of that before the outbreak of COVID-19. The incidence of scarlet fever dropped significantly. The incidence rate in Minhang District was still the highest. The cases were mainly four to eight years old, and there was no substantial difference of the proportions before and after COVID-19 pandemic, with the incidence rate of six years old group the highest. The proportion of male was more than female in reported case, while the male ratio in reported cases was not significantly different before and after COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusions:The incidence rate of scarlet fever in Shanghai City has dropped sharply after COVID-19 pandemic. The main epidemiological characteristics of the regional and population distribution of cases remain unchanged.