The antifungal susceptibility testing is playing important roles which include: understanding the susceptibility of the fungus to the antifungal agents and monitoring the resistance during therapy.Our purpose in this editorial is to tell the readers the proper application of MIC detection;to emphasize the clinical relevance of the in vitro susceptibility,and especially,to introduce the recent clinical study data which give the detailed explanation on the clinical relevance of MIC.

The introduction of lipid-formula Amphotericin B,Voriconazole,and Echinocandins,including Caspofungin and Micafungin,reflect the trend that the antifungal drugs are being developed along to a direction with high effect,broad spectrum,and low toxicity.These drugs undoubtedly provide novel useful approaches to the treatment of invasive fungal infections.Compared to the traditional antifungal drug,such as amphotericin B and Fluconazole,these drugs have the character of good effect and low adverse effect,which will be very important to prophylaxis and treatment for systemic fungal infections.The information concerning for these issues is being reviewed in this paper.

Objective: To explore the effect of valsartan on inflammatory cytokines in patients with hypertension combining paroxysmal atrial ifbrillation (PAF).
Methods:A total of 60 patients with hypertension combining PAF converted to sinus rhythm were studied and the patients were divided into 2 groups. Control group, the patients received felodipine and Valsartan group. n=30 in each group, all patients were treated for 6 months. In addition, there was a Normal group including 30 healthy subjects. The levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and left atrial diastolic diameter (LADd), the sinus rhythm maintenance rate were examined and compared before and after treatment among different groups.
Results: Compared with Normal group, the levels of hs-CRP, IL-6 and LADd were obviously higher in patients at both Control group and Valsartan group, all P<0.01. With 6 months of treatment, the levels of hs-CRP, IL-6 and LADd were decreased in both groups of patients than they were before, all P<0.01;compared with Control group, such effects were more obvious in Valsartan group, all P<0.01. The sinus rhythm maintenance rate in Valsartan group was signiifcantly higher than that in Control group, P<0.05.
Conclusion: Valsartan may inhibit inflammatory response and improve atrial structure remodeling, therefore better maintain the converted sinus rhythm in patients with hypertension combining PAF. The anti-inlfammatory effect of valsartan might be independent from its anti-hypertension effect.

AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy of adjunctive intravitreous injection with Lucentis for the treatment of neovascular glaucoma ( NVG) .
METHODS:The retrospective case series study included 25 eyes of 25 patients who underwentintravitreous injection with Lucentis. Patients firstly received an intravitreous injection with Lucentis (0. 5mg/0. 05mL), after the regression of neovascularization of the iris, patients accepted different surgical treatments according to different etiopathogenesis condition. Iris, chamber angle neovascularization condition, intraocular pressure, and visual acuity were observed postoperatively. The follow-up duration was 3mo.
RESULTS:After 3-7d of intravitreous Lucentis injecting, iris and chamber angle neovascularization was totally faded in 20 cases (20 eyes) and was not completely faded in 5 cases ( 5 eyes ) . Additional treatments were compound trabeculectomy ( 14 cases, 14 eyes ) , vitrectomy ( 4 cases, 4 eyes ) . The patients' mean intraocular pressure was 43. 42 ± 10. 99mmHg before treatment, which decreased rapidly when they came out of the hospital (14. 26±7. 64mmHg, P<0. 05) and stabilized during the follow-up 3mo (18. 76±5. 96mmHg, P<0. 05). Follow-up at 3mo, visual acuity improved or remained in 20 cases ( 20 eyes ) and decreased in 5 cases ( 5 eyes ) . The complete success, qualified success and failure were 21 eyes, 3 eyes and 1 eye, respectively.
CONCLUSION:Intravitreous injection with Lucentis can be used as an assisted treatment of NVG. According to different etiopathogenesis condition, it is an effective treatment to combine with other treatment methods for NVG.

UrotensinⅡis the earliest active peptide detected from the teleost fish spinal cord, which is correlated with various risk factors of cerebrovascular diseases.This article reviews the latest advances in reasearch on urotensinⅡin cerebrovascular diseases,so as to provide assistance for urotensinⅡin the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To study the prevalence and trend of obesity among primary and middle school students in Beijing from 1985 to 2005.Methods Morphological data of students aged 7-18 from the National Physical Fitness and Health Surveillances of Chinese School Students in Beijing in 1985,1995,2000 and 2005 was analyzed with methods of cross-sectional study.The prevalence of obesity was calculated,and its secular trends was characterized.Results The prevalence of obesity among students aged 7-18 in Beijing were 0.65%,3.40%,5.23% and 8.53% respectively in the four surveillance programs with obvious rising trend which had an increase.In 2005,it was indicated that the obesity prevalence of subgroups were significantly different from each other.It was higher for males(11.11%)than females(5.98%),also for students aged 10-12(11.63%).In rural schools(6.60%)it was much 10wer than in urban(10.38%),but the areas with high SES was deemed to have a 10wer prevalence.Conclusion In the last two decades,among primary and middle school students in Beijing,obesity had changed its characteristics from sporadic to epidemic with the features of both developed and developing countries.

Objective To analyze the expression of telomerase and apoptosis related protein,and ex- plore the possible mechanism of breast cancer development.Methods Immunohistochemistry method(SP)was used to detect the expression of hTERT,p53 and bcl-2 in the tissues of 48 cases of human breast cancer and 42 cases of benign lesion in breast.Results The positive rates of expression of hTERT,p53 and bcl-2 in breast cancer were 87.50%,56.25%,54.17%,respectively;Compared with the groups of adjacent non- cancerous and benign lesions,there was a significant difference in three types of tissue(P

Adolescent ; Adult ; Diverticulum ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

In the 40 years of last centry American scientists put forward a concep of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapeutic technique and had done some technical and clinical studies. Since 90 years the HIFU surgery technique treating tumors anew rised abruptly in the world. China firstly put out a comprehensive HIFU tumor treating sistem and successfully treated many solid tumors such as breast cancer, bone tumor, liver cancer etc.. Now the treating sistem has already exported to England, Italy,Spain, Japan, Colea etc. and treated tens thousands tumor patients. In the field of noninvasive ultrasound treating tumor technique China has continually kept the leading position in the world.

Objective To understand well this disease,8 children with familial periodic paralysis(FPP) were reported and the(rela)-ted literatures were reviewed.Methods The hereditary characters,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examination and managements were summarized retrospectively in 8 cases of FPP patients hospitalized from January 1996 to December 2005,and etiopathogenis and diagnosis were also analyzed.Results Six cases of FPP were diagnosed as hypokalemic periodic paralysis,and all occured as an autosomal dominant condition.During paralytic episodes,the patients showed obviously low serum potassium levels [1.9-2.8 mmol/L,(2.4?0.38) mmol/L)] and hypokalemic electrocardiogram findings,such as U-wave.The level of blood glucose was lower than normal range.Other 2 cases with normal serum potassium ion level at attack were diagnosed as normokalemic periodic paralysis with autosomal dominant pattern.One of the two cases,the level of blood glucose was lower.Thyroid functions,renal functions and electromyograms were all normal in 8 cases.Conclusions FPP is a group of relatively uncommon inherited disorders known as the skeletal muscle channelophathies.It can be diagnosed by hereditary characters,clinical manifestataions,auxiliary examinations.