Desensitization, Immunologic ; trends ; Humans

Anaphylaxis ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Nose

Animals ; Herbicides ; poisoning ; Humans ; Paraquat ; poisoning

OBJECTIVETo observe analgesic effect of electroacupuncture ( EA) on rats with chronic inflammatory pain and its regulatory mechanism on ispilateral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn (SDH) Mas-related G protein-coupled C receptor (MrgprC).

METHODSTotally 40 healthy male SD rats were divided into 4 groups according to random number table, i.e., the normal (N) group, the model (M) group, the acupuncture (Acu) group, the EA group, 10 rats in each group. The model of chronic inflammatory pain was established by subcutaneous injecting 0. 1 mL complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into right hind paw. Paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) were measured before modeling, at day 1, 3, 5, 7, and after CFA injection, respectively. Expression levels of MrgprC in ispilateral DRG and SDH were detected by Western blot. The content of bovine adrenal medulla 22 (BAM22) in SDH was detected by immunohistochemical assay.

RESULTSCompared with N group at each time point, PWTs significantly decreased in M group (P <0. 01). Compared with M group, PWTs significantly increased at day 5 of EA and after EA in EA group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with Acu group at each time point, post-EA PWTs significantly increased in the EA group (P < 0.05). Compared with N group, expression of MrgprC in ispilateral DRG and ratio of BAM22 positive cells in ispilateral SDH increased in M group (P < 0.01). Compared with M group, expression of MrgprC in ispilateral DRG and ratio of BAM22 positive cells in ispilateral SDH increased in the EA group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEA had favorable analgesic effect on chronic inflammatory pain induced by CFA, and its mechanism might be possibly associated with up-regulating MrgprC expression in ispilateral DRG and BAM22 content in ispilateral SDH.

Analgesia ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Enkephalins ; metabolism ; Freund's Adjuvant ; Ganglia, Spinal ; drug effects ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Male ; Pain Management ; methods ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; Posterior Horn Cells ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To evaluate the value of 64-slice spiral CT angiography based on pre- contrasted raw data in diagnosing pulmonary arteriovenous fistula.Methods 64-slice spiral CT plain scan and enhanced scan was performed in 16 patients with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula,pulmonary angiography based on pre-contrast and post-contrast raw data was performed respectively,including maximum intensity projection(MIP),shaded-surface display(SSD),and volume rendering(VR).According to the results of angiocardiography and surgical findings,comparson of the three methods was made in the display of PAVF in pre-contrast and post-contrast phase images.Results 8 of the 16 PAVF cases were single lesion,8 cases were multi-lesions.30 PAVF lesions were found in all the patients.MIP,SSD and VR based on pre-contrast raw data displayed PAVF lesions in 20,14,and 22,respectively.The combination of the 3 methods based on pre-contrast raw data could show 26 PAVF lesions.MIP,SSD,and VR based on post-contrast raw data displayed PAVF lesions in 24,18,and 30,respectively.The combination of the 3 methods based on post- contrast raw data could show 30 PAVF lesions.Conclusion 64-slice spiral CT angiography based on pre- contrasted raw data can clearly show the position,number,and shape of PAVF lesions,which is of great value in diagnosing PAVF.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationships between the severity of childhood allergic rhinitis (AR) and the peripheral blood eosinophil count, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), total IgE (tIgE), and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) levels.

METHODSA total of 138 children with AR aged 3 to 17 (9.96 ± 3.78, x() ± s) years old were enrolled in the study. All children had persistent AR sensitized to house dust mites with a clinical history of 3 months to 12 (4.21 ± 2.72) years. The disease severity was evaluated using 10 cm-visual analogue scale (VAS), and the serum levels of ECP, tIgE and sIgE were determined using an ImmunoCAP system. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS11.0 software.

RESULTSAmong 138 children with AR, the VAS scores for global severity of rhinitis and nasal obstruction symptom were 5.32 ± 2.16 and 4.78 ± 2.45, respectively. Blood eosinophil count was 0.39 [0.24; 0.63] (M[P(25); P(75)]) ×10(9)/ml. Serum levels of ECP and total IgE were 10.60 [3.26; 30.80] µg/L and (2.50 ± 0.53) log kU/L, respectively. Serum levels of allergen-sIgE against Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae were 58.20[24.75; > 100] kUA/L and 54.95 [24.55; > 100] kUA/L, respectively. The VAS scores of nasal obstruction symptom, but not global severity of rhinitis, were positively related to the duration of AR (r = 0.215, P = 0.011) and the levels of serum ECP (r = 0.196, P = 0.022) in bivariate correlation analysis. There was also a significant correlation between the serum ECP level and the blood eosinophil count (r = 0.295, P = 0.000). No relationships of blood eosinophil count, and serum tIgE and sIgE levels with global severity of rhinitis as well as nasal obstruction symptom were found (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThese results suggested that the severity of nasal obstruction was positively correlated with the duration of rhinitis and the levels of serum ECP in childhood persistent AR due to house dust mites, indicating the disease severity might be related to chronic inflammatory process.

Adolescent ; Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eosinophil Cationic Protein ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Male ; Pyroglyphidae ; immunology ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; blood ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with standardized house dust mite (HDM) extract for persistent allergic rhinitis (PER).

METHODSNinety-eight patients with moderate to severe PER caused by HDM and who completed SCIT (Alutard SQ, ALK-Abell¨®) or SLIT (Chanllergen-Df drops, Wolwo Pharma) regimen for two years were enrolled in this open-label controlled study. The patients were divided into two groups: SCIT group consisted of 40 patients aged 7 to 57 years old [(19.0 ± 2.7) years, x(-) ± s], and SLIT group consisted of 58 patients aged 6 to 50 years old [(17.7 ± 3.2) years]. The nasal symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction and pruritus) were evaluated using a four-point rating scale (from 0 = absent to 3 = severe) as well as 10 cm-visual analogue scale (VAS). Efficacy of SCIT and SLIT was assessed as the mean change from baseline in nasal symptom scores after 2-year course of immunotherapy, and the results were compared. SAS software version 9.1.3 was applied for statistical analysis.

RESULTSBoth SCIT and SLIT significantly reduced the individual symptom score of sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction and pruritus, and the total nasal symptom scores (including 4-point scale and VAS) after 2-year treatment when compared with the baseline (Z value were -3.14, -3.76, -3.09, -3.48, -4.13; -3.63, -3.21, -2.48, -3.56, -3.98, respectively, all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in decreased mean score of the individual and total nasal symptoms (4-point scale) between SCIT and SLIT groups (Z value were -0.97, -0.67, -0.36, -0.04, -0.67, respectively, all P > 0.05). However, a significant reduction of VAS score of nasal obstruction was found in SCIT group after 2-year treatment, compared with SLIT group (t = -2.21, P = 0.032). There was no significant difference in decreased VAS score of three other nasal symptoms as well as global rhinitis severity between two immunotherapy groups (t value were -0.57, -1.93, -1.73, -0.99, respectively, all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBoth SCIT and SLIT demonstrated clinical improvement in moderate to severe PER patients sensitized to HDM after two years treatment. It is suggested that SCIT may relieve nasal obstruction significantly; however, the overall clinical efficacy is consistent with SCIT and SLIT.

Administration, Sublingual ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Allergens ; immunology ; Animals ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pyroglyphidae ; immunology ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents from Faeces bombycis.

METHODIsolation and purification were carried out on silic gel, Sephadex LH-20 and RP-18 column chromatography. The chemical structures of the constituents were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data.

RESULTFifteen compounds were identified as 3S, 5R-dihydroxy-6R, 7-megstigmadien-9-one (1), 3S, 5R-dihydroxy-6S, 7-megstigmadien-9-one (2), (6R, 9R)-3-oxo-alpha-ionol-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), (6R, 9S)-3-oxo-alpha-ionol-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), blumenol C glucoside (5), byzantionoside B (6), alangionoside L (7), lutein (8), pipecolic acid (9), betaine (10), alanine (11), glutamic acid (12), phenylalanine (13), leucine (14), isoleucine (15).

CONCLUSIONAll the compounds were separated from Faeces bombycis for the first time.

Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diptera ; chemistry ; Feces ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Molecular Structure

This study analyzed the current situation and problems of two-way referral between wound healing department of general hospitals and community health service centers through stipulated interview with physicians in general hospitals and community health service centers, and patients visiting these organizations from March 2011 to April. It was found that the current two-way referral process for wound repair were facing a series of problems, including hospitals-transfer difficulty, incomplete two-way referral policy and undefined practice protocol, information-sharing obstacle between general hospitals and community health service centers. The critical countermeasures for overcoming these obstacles in two-way referral of wound ailments shall include construction of further linkage mechanism among all levels of hospitals, establishment of the drug-obtaining mechanism, establishment of an explicit two-way referral process of wound repair, and establishment of a database of diagnosis and treatment information of patients that can be accessed by doctors of different levels of hospitals, etc.
Community Health Planning ; Community-Institutional Relations ; Hospitals, Special ; Humans ; Referral and Consultation ; Wound Healing

[ Objective ] To observe the effect of kaolin and propranolol on paraquat ( PQ ) concentration in the lungs of poisoned mice. [ Methods] A group of 144 ICR mice were randomly divided into 3 groups:PQ, treatment, and control.Then 100 mg/kg PQ were intragastrically administrated ( ig) in PQ group and treatment group, while only the same volume normal saline was given in control group.And then 48 g/kg kaolin combined with 3.2 mg/kg propranolol were administered in treatment group immediately after poisoning while only the same volume of normal saline was given in the other two groups. Pathological examination was done and PQ concentration in lungs of the mice detected 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h after poisoning. [ Results] In the lungs of the mice in PQ group occurred alveolar capillary expansion, endothelial cell swelling, small or large sheet-shaped inflammation cell infiltration and mainly neutrophils while in treatment group the above lesions were apparently alleviated.In PQ and treatment groups, PQ concentration in lungs of both groups rose significantly 0.5 h after poisoning and up to peak at 4 h.But PQ concentration in lungs decreased significantly in treatment group from 4 h to 24 h after poisoning ( P<0.05) , as compared with that in PQ group. [ Conclusion] PQ concentration in lungs of the poisoned mice was decreased and the injury alleviated when they were treated with kaolin combined with propranolol.It is held that further research is worth doing in clinical practice.