Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Cobalt 60 radiotherapy in patients with stage I and II non small cell lung cancer. Methods From March 1977 to December 1992, 63 patients with stage I and II non small cell lung cancer were treated. According to the 1997 UICC staging system, 7 patients had stage IA disease, 10 stage IB, 5 stage IIA, and 41 stage IIB. Forty nine patients were confirmed by histopathology, and 14 cases by cytopathology. Fifty eight patients had squamous cell carcinoma, 3 adenocarcinoma, and 2 mixed squamous cell and adenocarcinama. All patients were treated by Cobalt 60. Patients would receive 40 Gy plus a boost of 15～30 Gy. The total dose was D T55～70 Gy in 6～12 weeks. All patients were followed for more than five years. Results The overall 5 year survival for all patients was 17.5%. Fifty eight (92%) patients have died and 11 survived. For the 58 succumbed patients, 52 (90%) died of tumor, and 26 (45%) of them from local failure. Four patients (7%) died of other causes. Conclusion Radiotherapy is an effective treatment option for non small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUNDLung cancer has become the leading cause of the cancer death in China. Population-based lung cancer screening is still in controversy. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of annual chest radiography and sputum cytological screening conducted in high lung cancer risk population who were exposed to work related carcinogens.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the screening results of the lung cancer cases diagnosed from 1992 to 2001 in the miners of Yunnan tin mine.

RESULTSA total of 9317 miners had been screened annually from 1992 to 1999. A total of 46 779 chest radiography and 45 672 sputum cytological examinations had been conducted, and 793 cohort subjects had at least one positive result. The annual positive detection rate ranged from 1214.1/100 000 to 3482.7/100 000. By December 31, 2001, 433 lung cancer cases had been confirmed, 371 cases out of them had cytological/pathological evidence, and 55.0% were squamous cell carcinoma followed by adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. Stage I or II accounted for 24%. 62.1% of the cases had at least one positive screening result, while 165 cases were detected by chest radiography alone, 56 were detected by sputum cytology, and 48 were detected by both screening modalities. 64.2% of X-ray detected cases were squamous/adenous carcinomas and 75.0% of cytological detected cases were squamous carcinoma. 80.8% of early stage cases had at least one previous positive finding from screening.

CONCLUSIONSAnnual lung cancer screening with combination of chest radiography and sputum cytology play some extent role in early detection of lung cancer in high risk population. The results may provide some primary data for lung cancer screening in special population who are at high risk of lung cancer in China.

BACKGROUNDTo establish a cohort for the study of risk factors of lung cancer, and to support the study of early biomarkers and prevention of lung cancer.

METHODSDesigned a special population-based prospectively dynamic cohort among radon- and arsenic-exposed tin miners aged 40 or more years old with at least 10 years of occupational exposure in Yunnan Province, P.R.China. The mass screenings with sputum cytology and chest X-ray were conducted annually. The baseline information was collected for assessing demographic characteristics and risk factors. The multiple sputum specimens, chest radiographs and numerous biologic specimens have been collected and stored.

RESULTSFrom 1992-1999, 9143 miners have been enrolled and 460 new cases of lung cancer have been found. There had 47655 person-time chest radiographs and 46625 person-time sputum cytology among the cohort in 8 years. The relative risks of age-adjusted exposure to chronic bronchitis, silicosis, and tobacco were 1.73, 1.46, and 1.32 respectively.

CONCLUSIONSA cohort of unique occupationally-exposed tin miners with an extensive biologic specimen repository and data bank has been successfully established. Although occupational exposures are the predominant risk factors among the high risk miners, lung cancer risk is also associated with chronic obstructive lung disease (chronic bronchitis and silicosis) and a number of measures of exposure to tobacco smoke, including early age of first use, duration, and cumulative exposure.

Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Light ; Lysine ; analogs & derivatives ; genetics ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Transport ; RNA, Transfer ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14 ; metabolism

To investigate the therapeutic effect of pectoralis major muscle flap transplantation in thoracotomy patients with sternal infection. Methods From January 2014 to December 2017, the treatment group of 39 patients with thoracic bone infection after cardiac surgery was used pectoralis major muscle flap to close the wound, while 26 patients were treated by debridement and vacuum sealing drainagea at the same time as the control group. The hospitalization time, hospital costs, number of operations, satisfaction survey, and relapse rate were compared between the those. Results Compared with the control group, the treatment group has the benefit of shorter hospitalization time [(18. 1 ± 3. 8)days vs. (36. 7 ± 11. 4) days], less hospital costs [(19429 ±4088)yuan vs. (33495 ±10712)yuan], less number of operations [(1. 1 ±0. 3)times vs. (2. 4 ±0. 8)times], higher level of satisfaction(56. 4％ vs. 30. 8％), lower relapse rate(5. 1％ vs. 26. 9％), the differences are statistically significant(all P <0. 05). Conclusion Thoracic reconstruction with pectoralis major muscle flap is an effective treatment for sternal infection in postcardiac surgery.

Objective To clarify the role of BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations in cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Methods The data of 432 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma who underwent surgery from February 2017 to September 2017 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were analyzed retrospectively.The mutation of BRAFV600E and TERT promoter was detected by Sanger sequencing.The effect of BRAFV600E and TERT on cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma was analyzed by Chi-square test.Results The mutation rates of BRAFV600E and TERT promoter were 77.8％ (336/ 432) and 5.3％ (23/432) respectively in 432 papillary thyroid carcinoma patients.The probability of cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with BRAFV600E mutation was significantly higher than that in non-mutation patients (P ＜ 0.05).The probability of cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with TERT promoter mutation was significantly higher than that in non-mutated patients (P ＜ 0.05).Patients with both BRAFV600E and TERT promotermutation had a significantly higher incidence of cervical lymph node metastases than patients with the BRAFV600E mutation alone (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The mutations of BRAFV600E and TERT promoter are closely relevant to the occurrence of cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology and postoperative routine pathological molecular diagnosis can help clinicians to develop a more rational treatment strategy,and a more accurate assessment of the risk of relapse.

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Kunming urban area.Methods A multistage cluster randomized sampling method was used to collect 400 randomly selected patients (community managed hypertension and diabetes mellitus) in community service centers in the 4 main urban districts of Kunming,Yunnan province.The subjects were screened for CKD by questionnaires,physical examinations,and microalbuminuria tests.Results A total of 343 people were surveyed.The prevalence of albuminuria,proteinuria by routine urinalysis,decreased glomerular filtration rate,and CKD prevalence were respectively 37.3％,12.2％,5.0％ and 39.1％.A total of 134 patients with CKD (134/343) were screened.Logistic regression analysis showed male (OR=2.312,95％CI 1.325-4.037,P=0.003),hyperuricemia (OR=1.751,95％ CI 1.109-2.765,P=0.016) and obesity (OR=2.150,95％ CI 1.115-4.146,P=0.022) were related to CKD.Conclusions The prevalences of CKD and albuminuria are 39.1％ and 37.3％ in patients with chronic diseases (hypertension and diabetes) in the main urban community of Kunming,Yunnan.Hyperuricemia,male and obesity are independent risk factors for CKD.

Pancreatic lipase (PL), a crucial enzyme in the digestive system of mammals, has been proven as a therapeutic target to prevent and treat obesity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and characterize the PL inhibition activities of the major constituents from Fructus Psoraleae (FP), one of the most frequently used Chinese herbs with lipid-lowering activity. To this end, a total of eleven major constituents isolated from Fructus Psoraleae have been obtained and their inhibition potentials against PL have been assayed by a fluorescence-based assay. Among all tested compounds, isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A displayed strong inhibition on PL (IC < 10 μmol·L). Inhibition kinetic analyses demonstrated that isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A acted as mixed inhibitors against PL-mediated 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate (4-MUO) hydrolysis, with the K values of 1.61, 3.77 and 10.16 μmol·L, respectively. Furthermore, docking simulations indicated that two chalcones (isobavachalcone and bavachalcone) could interact with the key residues located in the catalytic cavity of PL via hydrogen binding and hydrophobic interactions. Collectively, these finding provided solid evidence to support that Fructus Psoraleae contained bioactive compounds with lipid-lowering effects via targeting PL, and also suggested that the chalcones in Fructus Psoraleae could be used as ideal leading compounds to develop novel PL inhibitors.