15.0%.CONCLUSIONS The most common pathogens causing nosocomial infection are Gram-negative bacteria.The resistance rates are high.Antibiotics policy is urgently needed in order to delay the resistance onset development.

AIM: To investigate the plasma neurotensin(NT) concentration in patients with coronary heart disease: acute myocardial infarction(AMI),unstable angina(UA),stable angina pectoris(SAP), old myocardial infarction (OMI), and to study the relationship between the plasma NT level and the myocardial ischemia . METHODS: The plasma NT concentration of 30 patients with AMI,32 patients with UA,35 patients with SAP, 31 patients with OMI and 32 normal controls were determined by radioimmunoassay(RIA). RESULTS: The plasma NT level in patients with AMI(24 h),in patients with UA when angina attacked is significantly higher than that of healthy controls. The plasma NT level in patients with SAP, in patients with OMI is not significantly different from that of healthy controls. The NT level of patients with UA when angina attacked is significantly higher than that after 2 weeks treatment (P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status,the clinical features and the pathogens of invasive fungal infections in hospital in order to provide clinical treatment based on identification and susceptibility test.METHODS The fungus-cultured positive cases among the discharged patients from Jan 2004 to Nov 2006,were analyzed according to their definite diagnosis of invasive fungal infections under the items,such as the patients age,underlying disease,sample,strain,and species distribution.RESULTS The rates of invasive fungal infections were 4.26%.There were 2221 fungus strains belonged to 8 species in all samples;the patients age was 7-96 years with 2 kinds of various underlying diseases;the age of 2221 cases was 60 years old,mainly senile patients with various diseases accounted for 68.29%.Lower respiratory tract was the most frequent infection site.The main pathogens of invasive fungal infections were Candida spp(93.38%).Strains of Candida albicans were the most frequent organism isolated accounted for 66.19% of all the isolates.C.glabrata,C.krusei and C.tropicalis accounted for 9.19%,8.10% and 4.50%,respectively,the others accounted for only 6.32%.The main infected sites were lower respirtory tract,urinary tract and digestive tract.CONCLUSIONS Candida spp are still the main pathogens of invasive fungal infections.The epidemiological properties of invasive fungal infections is changed.The incidence of non-C.albicans and the Aspergillus strains that arouse invasive infections is increasing recently.

Objective:Based on the detection of CD4+IL17+Th17 and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in the peripheral blood of patients with human papilloma virus (HPV), the study analyzes the ratio of Th17 to Treg and compares the different expression of cytokine IL-17, IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-23 in the serum. Methods:From September 2014 to June 2016, 119 cases of untreated patients with cervical HPV in-fection were collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, which include 46 cases of cervical cancer (CC), 43 cases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)Ⅱ-Ⅲ, and 30 with chronic cervicitis (CCS). The detection of HPV types classified 80 patients as high-risk and 39 as low-risk. Flow cytometry examined Treg and Th17 cells, and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay was used to test related cytokines. Results:In the infection of high-risk cervical HPV, the rate of the CC group was 87%(40/46), which was higher than that of the CINⅡ-Ⅲgroup and the CCS group, which were 77%(33/43) and 23%(7/30), respectively. For the expression of Th17 and Treg cells in the peripheral blood and the related cytokine IL-17, IL-23, TGF-β, and IL-10 in the serum, the levels of CC group were also significantly higher than that of the other two groups, and the ratio of Th17 to Treg increased considerably with the se-verity of cervical lesions. The expression of Th17 and Treg cells in the peripheral blood of patients with high-risk cervical HPV were higher than that of patients with low-risk cervical HPV (P<0.05), which was the same for the expression of the related cytokine IL-17, IL-23, TGF-β, and IL-10 in the serum. The ratio of the Th17 to Treg of patients with high-risk cervical HPV increased remarkably (P<0.05). Conclusion:The expression of Treg and Th17 cells in high-risk patients exhibits an increasing trend, and the ratio of increased Th17 to Treg may directly participate in the process of HPV infection and immune evasion, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer.

Objective To establish a gestational diabetes rat model by feeding the rats with high-fat diet.Methods A total of 55 female SD rats were divided into four groups:NV group,NP group,FV group and FP group.Three months after normal feeding,the female rats in NP and FP group were put into the same cage with the male rats at the ratio of 2∶1 and were given high-fat diet or normal diet as usual.Before pregnancy and day 1,7,14,20 in pregnancy,fasting plasma glucose and body weight of rats were detected.The fasting serum insulin and serum c-peptide levels were monitored by enzyme immunoassay and insulin resistance index was calculated.At late pregnancy,glucose tolerance and the indicator of fat were tested.Liver and pancreas were dyed to be observed under microscope.FResultS Body weights of the rats raised with high-fat diet were significantly higher than those of control group and body weight during pregnancy significantly increased (P＜0.05).Fasting glucose,fasting insulin and serum C-peptide in FP group were signifieantly higher than those in NP group and insulin resistance was evident (P＜0.05).The area under curve of GTT in FP group was significantly larger (P＜0.05).The levels of serum lipids in FP group were higher than those in normal group.CorncluSiornS The gestational diabetes rat model induced by high-fat diet can be successfully established.The model presents major pathophysiological manifestations of GDM and can be used as a good model of GDM in relevant research.

Objective To analyse expression levels of protein kinase C θ (PKC θ ) and its association with Th1/Th2,Tc1/Tc2 cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and aplastic anemia (AA),and understand the pathogenesis of MDS and AA.Methods Fourteen patients with MDS-RA, fifteen patients with AA, and thirty health controls of PBMC were collected.mRNA expression levels of PKC θ were measured by RTQ-PCR,and the expression levels of Th1/Th2,Tc1/Tc2 cytokines were measured by the flow cytometry. Results The expression PKC θ mRNA (AA group:23.54±1.01,MDS group:23.76±1.58 ;health control group:27.12±1.12, P=0.004) and Th1and Tc1cytokines were statistically significant of among groups (all P＜0.05). Th2 and Tc2 cytokines were no statistical difference among groups (allP＞0.05). There were no statistical difference in the PBMC of PKC θ mRNA and Th1/Th2,Tc1/Tc2 cell cytokine (allP＞0.05) between MDS and AA.Conclusions The expression levels of PKCθmRNA and Th1,Tc1cells correlated cytokine in MDS and AA patients of PBMC are increases.

Objective To investigate the effect of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) transplanted by different Methods on cardiac function of rabbits with dilated cardiomyopathy.Methods 50 white ears rabbits were given doxorubicin by intraperitoneal injection to induce dilated cardiomyopathy, and randomly divided into the model group 1, model group 2 and control group. The ADMSCs isolated and cultured in vitro were transplanted into dilated cardiomyopathy rabbits of model group 1 through multi-points injection in myocardium, and were transplanted into rabbits of model group 2 through coronary artery transplant. Those in the control group were treated with IMEM medium of the same volume through multi-points injection in myocardium. Rabbits were fed for 4 week successively and then were killed to obtain heart sample, and the survival and differentiation of transplanted cells were observed through fluorescence microscope. Before transplantation and 4 weeks after transplantation, all rabbits received ultrasonic cardiogram test and haemodynamics test to determine cardiac function.Results After transplant through the two different Methods , ADMSCs could survive and differentiate in myocardial cells. 4 weeks after transplantation, the left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) reduced more significantly in the model group 2 compared with the model group 1 ( P<0.05～0.01), and LVSV, ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular systolic pressure, +dp/dtmax, -dp/dtmax increased more significantly ( P<0.05～0.01).Conclusion Transplanted ADMSCs can survive and differentiate in myocardial cells, and improve the heart function in rabbits with dilated cardiomyopathy. It is more conducive to the effectiveness of ADMSCs to improve the heart function through the method of coronary artery transplant.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of Multi-slice Spiral CT(MSCT) and coronary artery imaging in diagnosing coronary artery myocardial bridges (MBs). Methods Image data of 285 patients from July 2005 to July 2008 who accepted both the MSCT and coronary angiography CAG at our hospital were collected. Diagnostic performance of the two Methods were analysed and the diagnostic accuracy were compared. Results In 285 cases of patients with MSCT examinations, 82 coronary artery were diagnosed in 59 cases, the detection rate of which was 20.7%. In contrast, 16 cases were diagnosed by CAG and the detection rate was 5.6%. In the 82 coronary artery diagnosed by MSCT, 42 coronary artery were single vessel, the proportion was 71.19%. Others were two vessels or three vessels. There were 67 in left anterior descending artery (LAD),in which 52 were near the middle and 15 were distal. 26 MBs diagnosed by MSCT were included in the 28 MBs diagnosed by CAG. Put CAG as the gold standard of myocardial bridge detecting, then MSCT's sensitivity was 92.86%. Conclusion MSCT coronary artery imaging can accurately show the anatomical relationship between coronary artery and myocardial and it is one of the preferred method of diagnosing coronary artery.

Objective:To analyze the association between the types of response to head-up tilt test (HUTT) and levels of various vitamins in children and adolescents with orthostatic intolerance.Methods:Sixty-five cases of children and adolescents 35 males and 30 females aged 5-14 (10.5±2.0) years old who complained orthostatic intolerance symptoms, including syncope, dizziness, headache, and chest tightness, in Children′s Medical Center, the Se-cond Xiangya Hospital, Central South University between November 2018 and April 2019, were enrolled.By comprehensive history, physical examination, and necessary laboratory testing, heart, cerebrovascular and other system diseases were excluded.According to HUTT result, these patients were divided into 2 groups, namely negative HUTT group and positive HUTT group.The serum levels of vitamin A 1, B 1, B 2, B 6, B 9, B 12, C, and E were compared between the 2 groups.Continuous data were analyzed by conducting t-test and categorical data were analyzed by performing χ2 test. Results:(1) There were 32 cases (18 males and 14 females) in negative HUTT group and 33 cases (17 males and 16 females) in positive HUTT groups, with 28 cases of vaso vagal syncope and 5 cases of postural tachycardia syndrome.There were no significant differences in age, gender ratio, and body mass index between the negative HUTT group and positive HUTT group.(2) The serum level of vitamin B 1 of positive HUTT group was lower than that of negative HUTT group [(77.43±16.70) nmol/L vs.(88.56±18.98) nmol/L, t=-2.513, P<0.05], while the levels of vitamin A 1, B 2, B 6, B 9, B 12, C, and E had no significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Patients with positive responses to HUTT relatively lacked vitamin B 1, suggesting the role of vitamin B 1 in the pathophysiological process of neurally mediated syncope.

Objective To investigate the role of hemoglobin (Hb),red blood cell count (RBC) and hematocrit (HCT) during the first trimester in predicting the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the third trimester in nonanemic women in Kunming.Methods A prospective study was carried out.Routine blood tests were performed in 1189 nondiabetic singleton pregnant Chinese women at their initial prenatal healthcare before 14 gestational weeks in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 1,2008 to December 31,2009.They were divided into four groups by quartiles of Hb,RBC and HCT levels respectively.Differences of GDM incidence at the third trimester were compared among groups.Kollmogorov Smirnov test was used to detect normal distribution of Hb,RBC and HCT results.Differences between rates of groups were detected by Chi-square test.Independent risk factors of GDM were screened by Logistic regression analysis.Results The incidence of GDM at the third trimester increased as quartile categories of Hb,RBC and HCT ascended.The GDM incidence (13.1 ％,34/259) of ≥75th Hb group was higher than that of ＜ 25th group (5.9 ％,18/304,x2 =8.53,P＜ 0.0 1),25th ～ group (9.2 ％,30/326,x2=4.18,P＜0.05) and 50th～ group (9.3％,28/300,x2=3.96,P＜0.05).The GDM incidence (11.7 ％,34/290) of 50th～ RBC group (RBC≥4.44 × 1012/L) was higher than that of ＜25th group (6.3％,19/304,x2=5.30,P＜0.05),25th～ group (7.0％,21/298,x2 =3.93,P＜0.05); and the GDM incidence (12.1％,36/297) of ≥75th group was also higher than that of ＜25th group (6.3％,19/304,x2 =6.49,P＜0.05),25th～ group (7.0％,21/298,x2=3.85,P＜0.05).The GDM incidence of ＜25th HCT group (5.3％,16/303) was lower than that of 25th～ group (9.3％,29/311,x2=7.04,P＜0.01),50th～ group (10.8％,31/287,x2=3.93,P＜0.05) and ≥75th group (11.8％,34/288,x2=6.49,P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that Hb (OR=1.031,95％ CI:1.010-1.052),RBC (OR=2.286,95％CI:1.318-3.963) and HCT (OR=1.106,95％ CI:1.037-1.179) were independent risk factors of GDM (all P＜0.05).Conclusions High maternal Hb,RBC and HCT levels in the first trimester could be used in predicting GDM in pregnant women in Kunming area.