Oviducts were removed from 12 reproductive women at specific times duringthe menstrual cycle.The surface structure of oviductal epithelium have mainlyexamined by scanning electron microscopy.At proliferative stage,the growing ciliaand microvilli were indeed detected.The typical pattern at midcycle was that thecilia and microvilli had well developed and reached their full length.At secretorystage,however,ciliation was much less extensive than that at midcycle.The surfacephenomenon of some cilia had lost from ciliated cells but some still retained.Nonciliated cells had more evident changes than ciliated cells.At early secretory stage,the cobblestone-like nonciliated cells bulged into the lumen.Then,the centerof these cells exhibited concave with some cytoplasmic buds which were probably asrepresentation of their apocrine secretory activity.At late secretory stage,manynonciliated cells showed cobblestone-like bulged into the lumen again.The epithe-lium also showed a tiny minority small cells with abundant and well developedmicrovilli like those at proliferative stage.The cyclic changes in the oviductalepithelium were very pronounced in the fimbriae and infundibulum,less distinct inthe ampulla and very slight in the isthmus.

Aim To develop the in vitro and in vivo models induced by shrimp tropomyosin( ST) and mono-clonal tropomyosin-specific murine IgE antibody ( anti-ST-IgE mAb) . Methods ST was purified from Metap-enaeusensis by an isoelectric precipitation method. The anti-ST-IgE mAb was obtained from hybridomas. After RBL-2 H3 cells were sensitized with anti-ST-IgE mAb and challenged with ST,β-hexosaminidase release was determined. Passive systemic anaphylaxis ( PSA ) was induced in mice and the rectal temperature was recor-ded after ST challenge within 30 min by a thermal probe. Results A significant increase ofβ-hexosamin-idase was observed in sensitized cells after ST chal-lenge. The average temperature drop after ST challenge was 1. 44℃ in PSA mice within 30 min. Conclusion The in vitro and in vivo models induced by ST and anti-ST-IgE mAb are established as an improvement of pres-ent models of type Ⅰ allergy.

Objective To compare and explore the efficacy of regional citrate anticoagulation therapy and regional heparin anticoagulation therapy in continuous renal replacement therapy ( CRRT) of acute kidney injury ( AKI) patients with risk of bleeding by an retrospective study. Methods A total of 96 AKI patients with risk of bleeding were collected retrospectively and treated with CRRT. All the patients were divided into two groups:regional citrate group ( n=50) and regional heparin group ( n=46) . APTT, level of Ca2+, pH value, levels of HCO-3 and Na+, time of blood filter using and incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups. Results Percentage of hypernatremia, metabolic alkalosis and elevation of transaminase in regional citrate group were 2.3%, 6.1%, 1.9%, respectively, those in the regional heparin group were 1.6%, 0.9%, 1.6%, respectively. The time of blood filter using in regional citrate group and regional heparin group were (70.0±5.3) h and (48.0±2.7) h, respectively (P<0.05). Incidence of bleeding event in regional citrate group and regional heparin group were 3.8% and 13.0%, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion In patients with coagulation disorders or bleeding risk undergoing CRRT, regional citrate anticoagulation therapy is safer and more effective, and worthy of promotion.

OBJECTIVE To compare the anti-oxidative effects of "three decoctions for COVID-19" (Qingfei Paidu decoction, Huashi Baidu decoction, Xuanfei Baidu decoction) in parallel experimental models. METHODS In the cell-free system, the total antioxidant capacity was investigated by FRAP method. The scavenging effects of DPPH radicals and superoxide anions were evaluated by DPPH and NBT reduction method, respectively. The scavenging effect of hydroxyl radicals was determined by a fluorescence method based on the end-product MDA. The anti-lipid peroxidation activity was investigated using the FeSO4-induced rat liver homogenate MDA method. Based on these five antioxidant indicators, the antioxidant capabilities of the extracts of three decoctions were parallelly compared in the cell-free system. Furthermore, in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 cells, the productions of intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS) were detected using the L-012 probe and the MitoSOX mitochondrial superoxide red fluorescence probe, respectively; and intracellular NADPH oxidase activity was measured using the lucigenin probe. These three indicators were used to parallelly compare the antioxidant capabilities of the extracts of three decoctions. RESULTS In the cell-free system, three decoctions for COVID-19 could concentration-dependently scavenge DPPH radicals, superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, and potently inhibit the lipid peroxidation. At the equal extract concentration, their scavenging effects on DPPH radicals and superoxide anions and the total antioxidant capacity were comparable; while Huashi Baidu decoction exhibited the strongest ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation. In the cell system, three decoctions could reduce lipopolysaccharide-elevated intracellular ROS level by weakening NADPH oxidase activity; meanwhile, they could decrease mitochondrial ROS productions, among which Qingfei Paidu decoction possessed the most comprehensive effection. CONCLUSION Collectively, three decoctions for COVID-19 exert diverse antioxidant effects in both cell-free and cell systems, and each of them possesses the distinct advantages. Given that oxidative stress is pivotal during the pathological process of COVID-19, the results may suggest that the antioxidant ability of three decoctions is one of the pharmacodynamic basis for their clinical use.