OBJECTIVETo explore the molecule mechanism of Salidroside inducing directional differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into neuronal cells.

METHODSThe mouse multipotent mesenchymal precursor cell line (D1) was taken as the objective. Cultured MSCs were divided into the negative control group (complete culture solution), the positive control group (containing 1 mmol/L β-mercaptoethanol), the Salidroside induced group (20 mg/L Salidroside), and the blocked group (20 ng/ ml DKK1, a special inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway). All cells were inoculated in a 6-well plate (1 x 10(4) cells/cm2) and grouped for 24 h. The expression of p-catenin was detected by fluorescence Immunochemistry in the negative control group, the positive control group, and the Salidroside induced group. The expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), beta 3 class III tubulin (β-tubulin III), nuclear receptor related factor 1 (Nurr1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA, Wnt3a, β-catenin, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein6 (LRP6), Axin mRNA were detected using reverse transcrip- tion PCR (RT-PCR). The expression of β-catenin and NSE protein were analyzed by Western blot in the negative control group, the positive control group, and the Salidroside induced group. Ca2+ chelating agents (EGTA), L-type Ca2+ channel blocker (Nifedpine), and IP3Ks special inhibitor (LY294002) were used to block Ca2+ signal pathway respectively. The expression of Wnt3a, LRP-6, Axin, glycogen syn- thase kinase (GSK-3), and β-catenin mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. The β-catenin protein expression was analyzed using Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the positive control group, β-catenin protein was strong positively expressed; the expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin, LRP6, Axin, NSE, β-tubulin III, Nurr1 mRNA, and NSE protein were obviously up-regulated in the Salidroside induced group (P < 0.01). Compared with the positive control group and the Salidroside induced group, β-catenin, NSE, Nurr1, and β-tubulin III mRNA expression decreased; β-catenin and NSE protein expression were also down-regulated in the blocked group (P < 0.01). Compared with the Salidroside induced group, the expression of Wnt3a, LRP-6, β-catenin, and Axin mRNA were down-regulated in the Ca2+ signal blocked group and the salidroside induced group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSalidroside affected directional differentia- tion of MSCs into neuronal cells through Wnt/β-catenin and Ca2+ signal pathway.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6 ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; physiology ; Mice ; Neurons ; Phenols ; pharmacology ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; RNA, Messenger ; Signal Transduction ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; physiology ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) of white matter in prognosis of acute lacunar infarctions.

METHODSTwenty-eight patients of pyramidal tract strokes at the acute phase (<3 days) with a marked motor defect were examined. Lesions were identified on diffusion weighted imaging and isotropic imaging of DTI, and infarctions and the tract were shown on the DTT images simultaneously. The anatomic location and pattern of the lesions were visualized on DTT, with regard of the corticospinal tract (CST), all patients were divided into three clinical subgroups: in Group 1 infarction lesions were close to CST, in Group 2 CST was partial involved, in Group 3 lesions centered in the pyramidal tract. Subsequently, they were compared with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores at acute phase (<3 days), early chronic phase (8 approximately 14 days), and outcome(30 approximately 60 days).

RESULTNIHSS scores of Group 1(12/28) were not different with those of Group 2 (11/28) at the acute phase (U=-1.430, P>0.05), and NIHSS scores in Group 2 were significantly lower than those of Group 3(5/28) (U= -2.676, P <0.01). In the outcome, NIHSS scores of Group 1 were significantly lower than those of Group 2 (U= -2.501, P<0.05), NIHSS scores of Group 2 were significantly lower than those of Group 3 (U= -2.948, P<0.01). Among these three groups,Group 1 all had good recovery, Group 2 also had good recovery but sometimes with some mild motor disfunction, and Group 3 always had marked defect and minor improvement. Both rADC value and rFA value were induced in the acute lacunar infarctions.

CONCLUSIONDTT is helpful in prognestic valuation of acute lacunar infarction by providing visualized stereo localization of CST and infarction lesions.

Brain ; pathology ; Brain Infarction ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated ; pathology ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo define the influence clinically related factors in the prognosis of ventilated pneumonia (VAP).

METHODSA prospective clinical study involving 120 patients with VAP was carried ont. Etiologic diagnosis was established under quantitative culture of endotracheal aspiration, a protected specimen brush and bronchoalveolar lavage. Prognostic using a statistical software package (SPSS) factors were examined for univariate and multivariate analyses.

RESULTSCase fatality directly related to the infection was 14 percent. From univariate analysis, variables that significantly associated with attributable mortality were age older than 45 years, use of corticosteroids, presence of shock, in-hospital days of VAP over as follows 9, antecedent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and a prior antibiotic use. Through step-forward logistic regression analysis, only prior antibiotic use (P < 0.000 1, OR = 9.2) was defined as a significant factor influencing the risk of death from VAP. The same result was obtained when severity was included in the model. However, prior antibiotic use entirely dropped out as a significant risk factor when the etiologic agent was included in the regression equation.

CONCLUSIONSDistribution of microorganisms that responsible for VAP shown different in patients who had received prior antimicrobial therapy, and this factor caused higher mortality rate. We suggested a restrictive antibiotic use strategy among mechanically ventilated patients to reduce the risk of death from VAP.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; adverse effects ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross Infection ; drug therapy ; etiology ; mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia, Bacterial ; drug therapy ; etiology ; mortality ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Respiration, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical effect of antibiotic bone cement in the treatment of infectious wound of lower extremity. METHODS: From January 2016 to January 2019, 28 patients who had infection wounds of lower extremity were treated by antibiotic bone cement, including 21 males and 7 females with age of 34 to 76 (53.8±16.5) years old. The wound area after the initial debridement was 4 cm×3 cm to 12 cm×8 cm. All patients were treated with the antibiotic bone cement, when infection was controlled and fresh granulation tissue grew on the wound surface, local sutures or skin grafts were performed. The changes of white blood cell (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), C reactive protein(CRP) and positive rate of bacterial culture of wound secretions were recorded andcompared before and after 2 weeks of the operation. The healing time, recurrence rate and complications of fresh granulation on wound surface were calculated. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 3 to 6(4.3±1.2) months. After the recurrence of diabetic foot wound infection, 3 patients presented different degree of rupture, and the remaining patients had good wound healing. No serious complications such as aggravation of infection and amputation occurred. The WBC, ESR and CRP of the patients were decreased significantly after operation compared with that before operation (9.1±1.2)×109/L vs. (11.4±2.2)×109/L, (23.5±7.6) mm/ h vs. (57.1±14.9) mg/L, (44.2±13.1) mg/L vs. (89.2±26.7) mg/L ( CONCLUSION The antibiotic bone cement can control infection of lower extremity wound effectively, promote the growth of fresh granulation tissue and wound healing.
Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Bone Cements/therapeutic use* ; Debridement ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity/surgery* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Transplantation ; Treatment Outcome

The mycelium growth and sporulation in different temperature, pH value and light conditions were detected by using the crossing and haemocytometer method. The toxicity of five fungicides to Fusarium oxysporum was tested by mycelia growth method, so as to provide the reference for prevention and control against F. oxysporum. The optimum temperature and pH value of F. oxysporum to grow and spore were 28 degrees C and 6-7. Alternating light and darkness promoted growth and sporulation of bacterial colony. As for five fungicides, the EC50 of tebuconazole was 10.02 mg x L(-1), 92.50 times as much as carbendazim. The EC50 of myclobutanil and Fuxing was 91.23, 96.68 mg x L(-1), respectively. Tebuconazole showed the most tremendous inhibitory effect and control efficiency on F. oxysporum.
Fungicides, Industrial ; pharmacology ; Fusarium ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Mycelium ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Orchidaceae ; microbiology ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology ; Spores, Fungal ; drug effects ; growth & development

Compared with living spray method, it focused on the investigation of different inoculation methods, various inoculation concentration and the influence of different seeding age on soft rot-resistance in Jinxianlian. The results showed that (1) Inoculated with dropping connection, the difference of disease index between A. roxburghii and A. formosanus was grate, so that the disease-resistance could be obviously distinguished. (2) When the inoculation concentration was 1.0 x 10(7) cfu x mL(-1), the difference of disease index was relatively obvious and the disease-resistance could be differentiated well. (3) At the moment of 4-month seeding inoculation, a certain difference of the disease index between A. roxburghii and A. formosanus was existed, so, relatively, it could accurately reflect the resistance difference between various species. With the inoculation of dropping connection, A. roxburghii and A. formosanus of 4-month seeding age was put in the bacteria suspension of inoculation concentration of 1.0 x 10(7) cfu x mL(-1). The identification was taken up after 5 days in the incubator under the condition of 14 h daylight and 28 degrees C. The identification result was conformed with that of the living spray method. To investigate the identification method of in vitro evaluation of soft rot-resistance of Jinxianlian so as to provide the foundation for germplasm utilization and excellent cultivars breeding.
Plant Diseases ; microbiology

1 000 ?g?L-1.The levels of SF in HLH group were much higher than those in healthy control group(P0.05).3.Seven cases with CR recurrenced.The levels of SF increased again when recurrence,which were significantly different with those of CR(P

ObjectiveIn order to provide reliable sufficient information for making a policy to develop Emergency Departments in Chinese Medical Hospitals, a countrywide investigation on current situations of such departments was carried out.Methods Firstly, questionnaires which could be responded by filling out on line and paper were made respectively. The Departments of Emergency in 300 Chinese Medical Hospitals widely distributed in 27 provinces of China (municipalities directly under the central government) with technique level 2 or above were observed in this study by Red Cap database or Email.Results All together 280 questionnaires were sent out, and 200 questionnaires were responded. The information from 200 emergency departments of Chinese medical hospitals in 24 provinces was collected, the recovery rate being 71.42%. The investigative results were as follows: ① All Chinese medical hospitals involved in this study were equipped with an independent emergency department. The average occupation of ground area, numbers of ward beds and ambulances in these emergency departments were 713.6 m2, 18.93 and 2.81 respectively, and 75.8% of the hospitals were of the first aid local network units.② There were 26 emergency departments having internal, surgical, women and children emergency clinics, 83 hospitals had internal and surgical emergency clinics only, and in 91 hospitals there was no any special clinic in emergency department. In addition, only did 81 hospitals have intensive care units (ICU).③ The number of clinicians was 11.86±9.28 on average, and 26 hospitals even had no emergency specialists. In 39 hospitals, there were no emergency clinicians with high rank title, most of these clinicians had bachelor or master's degree, and only did 30 hospitals have emergency clinicians with PhD degree.④ The annual average patient admitted in emergency departments of these hospitals was 2.36 thousand cases, including 1197.38 rescue ones. The clinicians who could accomplish abdominocentesis and thoracentesis independently were accounting for 90.7% and 89.0%, respectively, 8.2% hospitals could carry out percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and more than 70% hospitals already had the emergency green channel.⑤ About 93.5% hospitals had established a management system of medical quality control, and 89.0% hospitals had already had a medical quality control group.⑥ 65.5% hospitals had assessment index of Utilization rate of traditional Chinese Medicine, and 52.5%hospitals routinely conducted discussions on cases treated primarily by Chinese medicine (CM).Conclusions The development levels of emergency departments of all Chinese medical hospitals involved are very uneven, on which more attention should be paid. The enhanced investment is required to construct the emergency clinics and improve medical techniques in order to meet the growing need of the first aid in our society.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of clinical application of stand-alone MC+PEEK cage in anterior cervical fusion.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to January 2014,50 patients were treated with the MC+PEEK cage filled with autogenous cancellous illic-bone graft after anterior cervical discectomy. There were 22 patients with cervical spondylosis,26 patients with traumatic cervical disc herniation, 2 patients with cervical instability in these patients. There were 32 males and 18 females, aged from 30 to 79 years old with an average of 53.30 years old. There were 32 patients with single segment, 15 patients with double segments and 3 patients with three segments. Cervical AP and lateral and the flexion-extension X-rays were regularly taken in order to assess the cervical physiological curvature, the graft fusion and internal fixation related complications. Nerve function, clinical effect and bone fusion were respectively evaluated according to Japan Orthopedic Association (JOA), Otani grade and Suk method.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 36 months with an average of 20 months. No correlated surgical complications were found and all patients obtained bony fusion with an average time of 4.30 months. JOA score had significantly improvement after surgery (P < 0.05). The JOA score was 10.60 ± 3.00 before surgery and 16.10 ± 2.20, 16.40 ± 2.35 at one week and six months after surgery respectively. According to Otani grade,40 cases got excellent results, 9 good, 1 fair. No significant dysphagia and internal fixation related complications such as displacement of cages were found during the follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONUsing this cage in anterior cervical fusion can obtain satisfactory clinical effect with less operation injury and reduce the complications. It is a better fusion method in anterior cervical fusion.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Huayu Tongbi Recipe (HTR) combined methotrexate (MTX) in treating refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RRA).

METHODSTotally 167 RRA patients were assigned to the treatment group (73 cases) and the control group (94 cases) according to different therapeutic methods. Patients in the treatment group were treated with HTR combined MTX, while those in the control group were treated with leflunomide (LEF) combined MTX. Clinical signs and symptoms, RF, CRP, ESR, disease activity score 28 (DAS28), and safety indicators were compared between the two groups before treatment, at week 12 and 24 after treatment. The efficacy and safety indices were also evaluated.

RESULTSAt week 12 after treatment the total effective rate was 82.2% (60/73 cases) in the treatment group and 79.8% (75/94 cases) in the control group, showing no statistical difference between the two groups (chi2 = 0.15, P > 0.05). At week 24 after treatment the total effective rate was 78.1% (57/73 cases) in the treatment group and 755% (71/94 cases) in the control group, showing no statistical difference between the two groups (chi2 = 0.15, P > 0.05). There was statistical difference in the total effective rate between week 24 and week 12 in the control group (chi2 = 0.49, P < 0.05). Clinical signs and symptoms, RF, CRP, ESR, and DAS28 were significantly improved in the two groups after 12- and 24-week treatment (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the improvement at week 12 after treatment between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was statistical difference in time of morning stiffness, tender joint numbers, swollen joint numbers, patient global assessment, RF, CRP, and DAS28 at week 24 after treatment between the two groups (P < 0.05). Besides, adverse reactions occurred less in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe efficacy of HTR combined MTX was equivalent to that of LEF (10 mg per day) combined MTX, but with more stable therapeutic effects and less adverse reactions.

Antirheumatic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Arthralgia ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Isoxazoles ; Methotrexate ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome