Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology

Artificial intelligence technology is being widely applied in drug screening. This paper introduces the characteristics of artificial intelligence, and summarizes the application and progress of artificial intelligence technology especially deep learning in drug screening, from ligand-based and receptor structure-based aspects. This paper also introduces how to apply artificial intelligence to drug design from these two aspects. Finally, we discuss the main limitations, challenges, and prospects of artificial intelligence technology in the field of drug screening.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the angiographic feature and its diagnostic value in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).

METHODSTwelve patients with pathologically proved GIST underwent angiography using PUCK and DSA one week before operation. The origin, size, morphology and angiographic appearance of the lesion were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSIt was found that two tumors originated from stomach, eight from jejunum, and two from ileum. Seven cases were benign but five malignant. Obviously thickened and enlarged feeding artery was detected in eight tumors, and early-developed vein was found in three. Two types of angiographic changes of GIST were observed: 1) twisted irregular neoplastic vessels with partially coarse and indistinct margin were found in four cases, which were all malignant; 2) ball-like neoplastic vessels with homogeneous stain in tumor were found in eight cases, seven of them were benign but one was malignant.

CONCLUSIONAngiography may be helpful in localization and diagnosis as well as defining the size of GIST, and especially in patients with melena of unknown origin.

Adult ; Aged ; Angiography ; methods ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Jejunal Neoplasms ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Mesenteric Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging

Objective To establish an acute yunaconitine poisoning rat model with a single oral administration and to determine the contents of yunaconitine in rat tissues by UPLC-MS/MS method, then investigate the distribution of yunaconitine in rats. Method The rats were randomly divided into three groups and were intragastrically administered a single dose of 2.2mg/kg,1.1mg/kg,0.7mg/kg yunaconitine, respectively.. The rats were killed 2h later, the stomach tissue, intestine tissue, liver tissue, pancreas tissue, kidney tissue, lung tissue, spleen tissue, heart tissue, bladder tissue, testis tissue, brain tissue and heart blood samples were collected. The contents of yunaconitine in the biological materials were determined by UPLC-MS/MS method after the biological samples extracted by liquid-liquid extraction. Result A rat model of the yunaconitine poisoning was made with a single dose of 1.1mg/kg, the concentrations of yunaconitine displayed in the organs with the following order:stomach, small intestine, liver, pancreas, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, bladder, testis, heart blood and brain. Conclusion Yunaconitine was widely distributed in rats, especially the levels in the stomach, small intestine and liver were the highest. The conclusion provides a basis for the selection of test materials for the poisoning of Aconitum vilmorinianum Kom.

Common bile duct (CBD) stones are a frequent problem in Chinese populations, and their incidence is particularly high in certain areas (Wang et al., 2013). In recent years, laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) have been the main surgical procedures for CBD stones, although each has different advantages and disadvantages in the treatment of choledocholithiasis (Loor et al., 2017; Zhou et al., 2017). For patients with large stones, a dilated CBD, especially concurrent gallstones, LCBDE is the preferred and most economical minimally invasive procedure (Koc et al., 2013). However, a T-tube is often placed during LCBDE to prevent postoperative bile leakage; this is associated with problems such as bile loss, electrolyte disturbance, and decreased gastric intake (Martin et al., 1998). In addition, the T-tube usually must remain in place for more than a month, during which time the patient's quality of life is seriously compromised. Many skilled surgeons currently perform primary closure of the CBD following LCBDE, which effectively speeds up rehabilitation (Hua et al., 2015). However, even in sophisticated medical centers, the incidence of postoperative bile leakage still reaches ≥10% (Liu et al., 2017). Especially for a beginner, bile leakage remains a key problem (Kemp Bohan et al., 2017). Therefore, a safe and effective minimally invasive surgical approach to preventing bile leakage during primary closure of the CBD after LCBDE is still urgently needed.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Choledocholithiasis ; Common Bile Duct Diseases ; Drainage/methods* ; Female ; Gallstones ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo establish new techniques on the control of vessel dividing and bleeding in minimally invasive video-assisted thyroid surgeries.

METHODSOne hundred and seventy volunteer patients with nodular goiter, adenoma and Graves' disease consecutively received the endoscopic thyroid operation according to Miccoli's mode from April 2002 to June 2003. The approach was designed to use ultrasonically activated scalpels [Harmonic Scalpel (R), Johnson & Johnson, USA] as a major, suction-dissector or others as supplementary instruments during the whole process. During the operations, two methods, "sequenced dissect-coagulate-cut" and "pre-coagulation + interlaced cut-suck-coagulate-dissect", were employed and separately evaluated for their safety or efficacy.

RESULTSAll of the procedures, except that 2 (their lesions were proven to be "cancer" by frozen section and need different treatment), were successfully completed. None of them were interrupted and converted to open surgery due to uncontrolled bleeding or severe postoperative hematoma. Branches of major thyroid vessels can be directly divided by ultrasonic scalpel without ligation or using hemoclips, supposing the technique of "sequenced dissect-coagulate-cut" method was strictly used. Bleeding during intra-gland dissection can be effectively controlled by the combined techniques of precoagulation of the vessels and the capsule vessel network near and around the incision, and then, by coordinating manipulation with a special multiple functional ultrasonic scalpel and a suction-dissector, supposing the technique of "interlaced cut-suck-coagulate-dissect" was properly employed.

CONCLUSIONSUsing ultrasonic scalpels as major, suction-dissector or others as supplementary instruments, manipulating cooperatively during the whole process, can be an ideal fashion in the site of a narrow gasless working space via a small single incision in anterio-inferior neck. And this may dramatically simplify the manipulation, and hence greatly reduce the operative difficulty. The reforms resolved two key technique problems in Miccoli's endoscopic operation: vessel-dividing and bleeding-control, therefore, laying a sound basis for the clinical application of this special approach.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Hemostasis, Surgical ; methods ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Gland ; blood supply ; Thyroidectomy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Video-Assisted Surgery ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of sodium hyaluronate on the growth and adhesion of colorectal cancer cells.

METHODSHuman colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and Colo205 were treated with sodium hyaluronate (25 -2,500 microg/ml), and cancer cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay in vitro. Flow-cytometric analysis was applied to detect expression of CD44 on SW620 and Colo205 cells.

RESULTIn vitro sodium hyaluronate enhanced proliferation of Colo205 cells, but it had no appreciable effect on SW620 growth under the same doses, Meantime, CD44 expression on cancer cells decreased compared with controls.

CONCLUSIONIn vitro sodium hyaluronate has different effects on growth of different colorectal cancer cell lines, but can inhibit CD44 expression of colorectal cancer cells and influence their ability of adhesion.

Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; analysis ; Hyaluronic Acid ; pharmacology

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hernia, Obturator ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; etiology ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; surgery ; Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo observe the signal changes of brain functional area during needling Sanyinjiao (ST36), Zusanli (SP6) and Yanglingquan (GB34), the three acupoints in three different meridians, in human by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in order to preliminary explore the neural mechanism of acupuncture.

METHODSNeedling was complemented with 30 s of maneuver applying followed by 30 s of rest as a circle on an acupoint, and at the same time, fMRI was performed once 5 min and 12 s. Then the same program was repeated with the same mode on another acupoint, until ending the experiment.

RESULTSThe commonly activated regions were postcentral gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus when needling at ST36 and SP6, and the different activated areas included left inferior frontal gyrus, left insula, left inferior parietal lobule, left culmen, left middle temporal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus, while no cortical signal enhanced region was found when needling at GB34. Signal weakened regions could be found when needling at all the three points, the commonly activated regions were bilateral parahippocampal, hippocampal, callosal gyrus, bilateral praecuneus and cerebellum.

CONCLUSIONBrain response in special regions could be obtained by needling at different acupoints.

Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Brain ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged