Objective To evaluate the in vitro antiviral activity of HB-13,a compound derivant from berberine and its prodrug berberine,against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). Methods Vero cells were cultured in vitro and infected with HSV.Then,various concentrations of HB-13, berberine,and aciclovir were used to treat these infected cells.The cytopathic effect was observed to deter- mine the antiviral effects and cytotoxicity of HB-13 and berberine.Results For HB-13,berberine and acy- clovir,the half toxicity concentration (TC_(50)) to Vero cells was 31.99,380 and more than 800?g/mL, respectively;the average half inhibitory concentration (IC_(50)) against HSV-1 was 1.328,more than 100,and 0.443?g/mL,respectively,the treatment index (TI) against HSV-1 was 24.09,less than 3.80,and more than 1805.87,respectively;the IC_(50) against HSV-2 was 1.344,more than 100,and 0.679?g/mL,respectively,the TI against HSV-2 was 23.80,less than 3.80 and more than 1178.20,respectively.Conclusion HB-13 possesses marked antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 in vitro,while berberine does not.

Objective To investigate the effect of valsartan on expression of HIF-1α,TIMP-1,MMP-9 in the process of renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF) in diabetic nephropathy(DN) rats.Methods Fifty-four SD rats were randomly divided to 3 groups:control group (group C),DN group (group D),valsartan treatment group (group T).Rats of group D and T were given streptozocin (STZ) by intraperitoneal injection to establish animal model of diabetes.After diabetic models were successfully made,rats of group T were treated by valsartan (40 mg·kg-1·d-1).Serum glucose,serum creatinine and urinary protein were measured at the 4th,8th and 12th weeks.Masson staining was used to calculate the area of RIF.The methods of immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were used to detect the expressions of HIF-1α,TIMP-1,MMP-9 in renal interstitium.Results Compared with group C,the areas of RIF were larger,24-hour urinary protein,Scr were higher,the mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α and TIMP-1 increased,while the mRNA and protein expression of MMP-9 decreased in D and T group (P＜0.05).At the 8th,12th weeks,compared with group D,the areas of RIF were smaller,24-hour urinary protein,Scr were relatively lower expressions of HIF-1α and TIMP-1 decreased,while the eapressions of MMP-9 increased in group T (P＜0.05).Conclusion Valsartan may delay the progress of RIF in DN rats by down-regulating the expressions of HIF-1α,TIMP-1,up-regulating the expression of MMP-9,then improve renal function.

OBJECTIVESTo discuss the surgical method of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with inguinal hernia.

METHODSTwenty eight cases of BPH with inguinal hernia were treated with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) combined with repair of inguinal hernia by PPM at the same time.

RESULTSAll patients had been followed up for six months to four years, in which recurrence of hernia or other complications were not found. Qmax was more than 15 ml/s after operations, and IPSS were about 0-7 scores for all patients. The mean time of hospitalization was 4.2 days.

CONCLUSIONSTURP combined with repair of inguinal hernia at the same time is a simple and effective method, which can avoid second operation, and it is more significance to the aged especially.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hernia, Inguinal ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVEOvarian fibrosis is characterized by excessive proliferation of ovarian fibroblasts and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and it is one of the principal reasons for ovarian dysfunction. This review aimed to investigate the pathogenetic mechanism of ovarian fibrosis and to clarify the relationship between ovarian diseases and fibrosis.

DATA SOURCESWe searched PubMed for English language articles published up to November 2016. The search terms included ovarian fibrosis OR fibrosis, ovarian chocolate cyst OR ovarian endometrioma, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, ECM, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and combinations of these terms.

STUDY SELECTIONArticles were obtained and reviewed to analyze the pathogenic mechanism of ovarian fibrosis and related ovarian diseases.

RESULTSMany cytokines, such as MMPs, TIMPs, TGF-β1, CTGF, PPAR-γ, VEGF, and ET-1, are involved in ovarian fibrogenesis. Ovarian fibrogenesis is associated with various ovarian diseases, including ovarian chocolate cyst, PCOS, and premature ovarian failure. One finding of particular interest is that fibrogenesis in peripheral tissues around an ovarian chocolate cyst commonly causes ovarian function diminution, and therefore, this medical problem should arouse widespread concern in clinicians worldwide.

CONCLUSIONSPatients with ovarian fibrosis are susceptible to infertility and tend to have decreased responses to assisted fertility treatment. Thus, protection of ovarian function should be a priority for women who wish to reproduce when making therapeutic decisions about ovarian fibrosis-related diseases.

Animals ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; etiology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; etiology ; Ovary ; pathology

Nine morphologic traits, plant height, ground diameter, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area of plant, leaf fresh weight, blades, length/width ratio, plant fresh weight of Anoectochilus roxburghii from 13 different areas were determined for correlation analysis, path analysis and principal components analysis. Different source of morphological trait variation coefficient of A. roxburghii was 2.96% -12.59%, plant fresh weight was significant positively correlated with ground diameter, plant height and leaf number, and positively correlated with leaf fresh weight. Path analysis showed that plant height had the largest positive direct effect on plant fresh weight, the leaf fresh weight and blades number had indirect effects on the plant fresh weight. Through principal component analysis, morphological traits of A. roxburghii can be divided into "Determinants of high-yielding morphology" and "Determinants of leaf production". In the actual process of production and breeding of A. roxburghii, we should pay attention to plant height, leaf fresh weight, blades numbers and other traits.
China ; Orchidaceae ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development ; Phenotype ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development

AIMTo observe the protective role of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis induced by beta amyloid peptide in the culture.

METHODSHippocampal neurons were isolated from 1d old SD rat and neuronal survival and apoptosis were measured by MTT assay and DNA ladder.

RESULTS25 micromol/L Abeta could induce neuron apoptosis while co-treatment with PACAP could increase the survival of hippocampal neurons. The antagonist of PACAP receptor, P6-27, could reverse the effect of PACAP.

CONCLUSIONPACAP could protects cultured neurons from the neurotoxicity of Abeta through the activation of PACAP receptor and may have a bright use in treatment of neurodegenerative disease.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; toxicity ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the clinical application and significance of lengthen-stem bipolar-femur prosthetic replacement for the treatment of old-age patients with intertrochanteric fracture osteoporosis.Methods 28 cases of patients aging from 75 to 99 years old of intertrochanteric fracture osteoporosis treated with lengthen- stem cemented bipolar prosthesis were studicd from March 2000 to December 2006.After taking the blank margin, the bones of different sizes were replaced and the steel wire was fixed.After determining the depth of the front an- gle,the artificial bone was placed.Results After 28 examples attaining the following-up examination for 7 months to 3 years,with an average of 1.5 years,its function according to Harris standard was evaluated 3 months after the operation,8 examples were excellent,13 examples good,5 examples pass,2 examples inferior.The excellent or good rate reached 75% ,with no abnormal cases,no joint dislocation during the followed-up period.1 example had the phantom phenomenon 1 year after the operation.2 examples among the inferior had got more serious internal medicine disease which affected the restoring function.1 example died of the internal medicine disease 1 year after the operation.Conclusion By using the lengthen-stem bipolar-femur prosthetic replacement for the treatment of old patients with inrertrochanteric fracture osteoporosis,the patients will restore quickly after the operation and can carry a heavy load at an early time.The illness complication and the mortality rate will be redaced.But its related disease must be strictly dealt with and the surgery operating skill must be grasped.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility and short-term clinical effect of transperitoneal laparoscopic modified retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (LmRPLND) in the management of clinical Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors.

METHODSFrom October 2004 to July 2006, 7 patients aged 26-36 (mean 30) years underwent LmRPLND with modified unilateral template dissection for clinical Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors, which were 3.0 cm x 2.5 cm x 2.0 cm to 6.5 cm x 4.5 cm x 3.0 cm in size, 3 cases on the left and 4 on the right, all diagnosed by ultrasound, computerized tomography (CT) and chest X-ray and confirmed by biopsy following radical orchiectomy. Those with positive lymph nodes received 3 courses of chemotherapy.

RESULTSSuccess was achieved in all the 7 cases, the operative time ranging from 120 to 210 min (mean 160 min), blood loss from 50 to 200 ml (mean 150 ml), and with no blood transfusion. The drainage tubes were removed 1-2 days after surgery. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.5 days. The follow-up lasted 6-32 (mean 14) months, which revealed normal erection and ejaculation in all the patients, but no major postoperative complications. Pathologically, lymph nodes were negative in 6 cases and positive (1/18) in 1. Normal results were obtained in HCG and AFP tests as well as in retroperitoneal ultrasound and chest X-ray examinations. The patient with positive lymph nodes was treated by adjuvant chemotherapy for 3 courses and found free of malignancy during a 6-month follow-up.

CONCLUSIONLmRPLND is a safe and minimally invasive treatment option for patients with clinical Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular carcinoma. With fewer complications and faster recovery, it appears to be a desirable substitute for the open procedure.

Adult ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Testicular Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo develop a method for the detection of RRM1, ERCC1 and BRCA1 gene expression by SYBR real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in non-small cell lung cancer tissues and peripheral blood.

METHODSThe plasmid standard of RRM1, ERCC1, BRCA1 and β-actin genes was constructed. SYBR real-time PCR was performed, and the standard curve was established. The expressions of RRM1, ERCC1 and BRCA1 mRNA in non-small cell lung cancer tissues and peripheral blood were detected.

RESULTThe standard curve presented linearity. The liquate curves of standard gene were all single apex, indicating that a good specificity was obtained.

CONCLUSIONThe developed SYBR real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR has advantage of convenient operation, low cost, good specificity and high veracity.

Actins ; genetics ; BRCA1 Protein ; blood ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; blood ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; blood ; genetics ; Endonucleases ; blood ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; blood ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; blood ; genetics

AIMTo observe the relationship between amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) and oxidative stress and the protective role of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP, PACAP-27) against damage induced by oxidative stress (H2O2) in neurem-2a cells.

METHODSWith cultured neuro-2a cells the cell survival and apoptosis were measured by MTT assay, Hoechest33258 staining, DNA ladder and the percentage of small DNA fragment.

RESULTSConcentration-dependent toxicity was induced with H2O2 treatment for 24 h. The neurotoxicity of H2O2 was increased by about 10 times with cotreatment neurons with amyloid beta-protein fragment 25-35 (Abeta(25-35)). While decrease the percentage of small DNA fragmentation the cell survival was increased with co-treatment with PACAP-27(which were added to the culture everyday). The effect of PACAP was not reversed with antagonist of PACAP receptor, PACAP(6-27).

CONCLUSIONAbeta and H2O2 can promote each other's neurotoxicity. Cultured neurons were protected by PACAP27 from the neurotoxicity of H2O2 but not through the activation of PACAP-27 receptor.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; toxicity ; Apoptosis ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; Oxidative Stress ; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide ; pharmacology