Fisheries and aquaculture are notably known as the most important sources of protein that can provide food for billions of people worldwide. The aquatic farming production keeps expanding gradually in recent years professing that fisheries and aquaculture has become the fastest growing food-producing market. This sector continues to attract great interest from everyone due to its promising contribution in global food security, economic and social development. However, growing high density of marine culture to maximize the production has caused the aquatic animals to be vulnerable to diseases. Various infectious fish diseases have led to high fish mortality that later poses a significant threat to companies’ long-term viability and countries’ socio-economic development. Therefore, this review discusses fish diseases and the overview of fish vaccines as one of the approaches to ensure a sustainable future for aquaculture.