OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to evaluate the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and permeability of vascular endothelial cell under microvibration.

METHODSHuman umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) were cultured, randomly vibrated under low frequency of 0.2, 0.5, 2, 5 Hz, 30 min per day. The VEGF mRNA level was detected by Tagman probe real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the VEGF protein expression level was detected by Western blot. The permeability of vascular endothelial cell was evaluated.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, the mRNA and protein expression level of VEGF were significantly increased under 0.2, 0.5 Hz thelial, and increase the permeability microvibration (P<0.05), and decreased under 2, 5 Hz microvibration (P<0.01). The vascular endothelial permeability in creased under 0.2, 0.5 Hz microvibration (P<0.01), whereas the permeability decreased under 2, 5 Hz microvibration (P<0.01).

CONCLUSION0.2-0.5 Hz microvibration can up-regulate the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein in vascular endothelial, and increase the permeability.

Blotting, Western ; Capillary Permeability ; physiology ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; chemistry ; Humans ; Permeability ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Umbilical Cord ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; analysis ; genetics ; physiology

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the instructional effect of Multi-slice (MSCT) in the cochlear implantation pre- and post-operatively, and to contrast the image feature between the X-ray and the MSCT three-dimensional reconstruction of inner ear with implanted electrode. METHOD: Twenty-four cochlear implant (MEDEL Combi 40+) recipients,in No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University from January to October 2014, were involved in this study. Among them, 18 were male and 6 female,with an average age of 4 years. MSCT and three dimensional reconstruction of inner ear were performed in all of the 24 implanted inner ears pre- and post-operatively. And X-ray plain film were examined by using 60° lateral oblique position postoperatively. All data of the spiral CT scan with axial 1 mm image slices were transferred to workstation for three-dimensional reconstruction (direct volume rendering) of the inner ear. RESULT: In 1 of the 24 cases, preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction CT scan reveal that the length of the cochlear was shorter than the electrode. And this was confirmed by MSCT postoperatively that the electrode couldn't be inserted by full length. The insertion depth of the electrode can be evaluated directly by MSCT. Moreover, each of the electrode pairs can be identified clearly. CONCLUSION MSCT plays an indispensable role in the preoperative evaluation of cochlear implantation. Postoperative evaluation by three-dimensional reconstruction of inner ear provide more accurate image to show the electrode insertion depth in the cochlea. MSCT combined with curved planar reformation to measure cochlear length could provide guidance in choosing the more adaptive electrode. And MSCT is superior to DR in demonstration of electrode postoperatively.
Child, Preschool ; China ; Cochlea ; anatomy & histology ; Cochlear Implantation ; methods ; Cochlear Implants ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Preoperative Care ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Unnatural amino acid orthogonal translation machinery can insert unnatural amino acids at desired sites of protein through stop codon by means of foreign orthogonal translation system composed of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and orthogonal tRNA genes. This new genetic engineering technology is not only a new tool for biochemical researches of proteins, but also an epoch-making technology for the development of new-type live viral vaccines. The mutated virus containing premature termination codon in genes necessary for replication can be propagated in transgenic cells harboring unnatural amino acid orthogonal translation machinery in media with corresponding unnatural amino acid, but it cannot replicate in conventional host cells. This replication-deficient virus is a new-type of live viral vaccine that possesses advantages of high efficacy of traditional attenuated vaccine and high safety of killed vaccine. This article reviews the application and prospect of unnatural amino acid orthogonal translation machinery in the development of novel replication-deficient virus vaccines.
Amino Acids ; genetics ; Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases ; Genetic Engineering ; Protein Engineering ; RNA, Transfer ; Viral Vaccines

This review summarized the latest advances in islet transplantation, islet encapsulation and co-delivery strategies of cell and growth factors.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanisms and cell-cell interactions in the injury process of pancreatic islet transplantation.Methods Single-cell transcriptome data from mouse islets treated with inflammatory factors were used,and data processing was performed using the Seurat package,with integrated data to remove batch effects.Cell subpopulations were annotated based on known markers.Cell-cell interactions in the inflammatory factor-treated group were analyzed using the CellChat package,and inferred based on the expression of cell surface receptors and ligands.Gene set enrichment analysis was used to clarify the biological processes enriched in β-cells after treatment with inflammatory factors.Finally,differentially expressed transcription factors were identified and verified using microarray datasets of donor islet ischemic injury and Western blotting.Results A total of 7 different cell subpopulations were found in mouse islets,with β-cells being the most abundant.Cell-cell interaction network analysis showed that the number and strength of interactions between ductal cells and other cells were the highest.Gene set enrichment analysis showed that after treatment with inflammatory factors,the immune response was positively enriched in β-cells,while peptide hormone metabolism,bile acid metabolism,and ion homeostasis were downregulated.The common differential transcription factors identified in the mouse single-cell transcriptome and the microarray dataset of donor islet ischemic injury were early growth response 1(EGR1),nuclear factor-κB inhibitor α(NFKBIA),and activating transcription factor 3(ATF3).Among them,NFKBIA and ATF3 were upregulated,while EGR1 was downregulated.The expression of EGR1 protein was downregulated after 24 h,48 h,and 72 h of cold ischemia.Conclusions EGR1 is a transcription factor closely related to islet cold ischemia,and future research should focus on the specific mechanisms of EGR1 and its downstream target genes,in order to provide more effective strategies for clinical treatment of islet transplantation.

The minimally invasive surgery is the mainstream of the development of surgery, and the transformation of surgery from traditional open surgery to endoscopic surgery has brought great benefits to patients. However, surgeons have never stopped their exploration from porous laparoscopy to single hole or even endoscopic surgery via the natural cavity, and looking for a more minimally invasive way of surgery has always been the pursuit of clinicians. As a minimally invasive technique, single-hole laparoscopy is becoming more and more widely used in clinic, and achievements and difficulties will guide the development direction of further research in the future. This paper reviews the clinical application of single-hole laparoscopy in recent years and the status quo of its development.