Objective To study the effect of multiple IPL treatment on cell senescence markers of skin fibroblasts using UVA as a control and to make clear whether the multiple IPL treatment may result in cell senescence.Methods Cells were divided into three groups: one group without irradiation as a control,one group receiving IPL treatment with 15 J per cm2,and the last group receiving UVA irradiation with 9 J per cm2.IPL and UVA irradiation were performed once a day during five days.On the sixth day,the cells were collected.Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining,cell cycle,reactive oxygen species (ROS) and telomere length were determined.Results Our results showed that five consecutive days of IPL irradiation had no effect on the activity of SA-β-Gal and telomere length and decreased the G1 ％ of cell cycle and the level of ROS in comparison with the control group (P＜0.05).On the contrary,five consecutive days of UVA irradiation increased the activity of SA β Gal and the level of ROS,shortened the length of telomere and no obvious change in the G1 ％ of cell cycle in comparison with the control group.Conclusions Multiple UVA irradiations induce cell senescence.On the contrary,multiple IPL treatments could not induce cell senescence.

BACKGROUND:Surface modification of titanium surface to improve its biological activity is the research hotspot. Strontium-doped coating is considered to be an effective approach to promote the implant osseointegration. OBJECTIVE:To introduce the research progress of strontium-modified biomedical titanium al oys.METHODS:Articles related to the medical titanium al oys modified with strontium published from January 2000 to April 2016 were retrieved from CNKI and PubMed databases. The keywords were“titanium (Ti), strontium (Sr), bone, osteogenic”in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Titanium al oys have been widely used in bone implantation because of their good biocompatibility and similar elasticity modulus with human bones. However, pure titanium al oys have poor bioactivity which leads to weak bone-implant contact. Surface modification is a good approach to enhance implant osseointegration. Sr-doped surface treatment can promote new bone formation and osseointegration. Most of the studies about Sr-doped modification are ongoing at the extracorporeal and animal experiment stage;therefore, further investigation is required to seek rapid, stable, available, safe and effective methods.

【Objective】The effect of sinomenine on human cyclo-oxygenase(COX) and interleukin-1?(IL-1?) was observed to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of sinomenine.【Methods】Peripheral blood monocytes(PBMC) were isolated and incubated with sinomenine.After incubation,total RNA from PBMC was extracted and the effect of sinomenine on COX and IL-1? expression with or without the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) was observed by the method of semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).【Results】Sinomenine had no effect on COX-1 gene expression,had a slight inhibitory effect on COX-2 gene expression and had a strong inhibitory effect on IL-1? gene expression.【Conclusion】 The anti-inflammatory mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines.

Objective To observe the effect of naringin on proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte,and to investigate its possible mechanism.Methods The cultured 3T3-L1 cells were pretreated with naringin,and then MTT method was used to detect the proliferation of the cells,oil red O staining method and spectrophotography were applied to analyze the degree of differentiation.The expression of PPAR? 2 and C/EBP? mRNA associated with adipocytes differentiation were detected by reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR).Results Naringin suppressed the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and down-regulated the expression of PPAR? 2 and C/EBP? mRNA.Conclusion Naringin can inhibit the proliferation of 3T3-L1,and can suppress their differentiation through down-regulating the expression of PPAR? 2 and C/EBP? mRNA.

BACKGROUND:Titanium alloy, a commonly used bone biomaterial, holds good biocompatibility and proper mechanical properties, but without osteointegration ability. Surface bioactive coating of titanium alloy can overcome such problems. OBJECTIVE:To review the application progress of surface bioactive coating on titanium alloys, and to explore the mechanism underlying its osteogenic induction. METHODS:PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for literatures concerning surface bioactive coating on titanium alloys published from January 2000 to March 2016, using the keywords oftitanium, titanium alloys, coating, surface modification, bonein English and Chinese, respectively. Through preliminary analysis, 42 eligible articles were selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The surface modification method has undergone the transition from surface roughening, oxidation, acidification treatment to the most widely used biomimetic coating technology. The surface biomimetic coatings of titanium alloys mainly include hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, zeolite, which have been developed from a single coating to the composite coatings and gradient coatings. What's more, the bioactive factor or/and metal ions in the coating can improve the osteointegration of surface coating. Surface modification for titanium alloys is a complex process, during which, both the osteogenesis ability and the bonding strength between the coating and its substrate cannot be ignored. Improving the fabrication method of existing coatings and exploring new materials of biomimetic coatings are critical to achieve a high-quality surface coating modification.

BACKGROUND: Porosity has been proven to improve the stability of orthopedic implants, and the architecture of pores is considered as a significant factor to improve the osseointegration of implants. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the research advance in porous architecture. METHODS: WOS database was searched for the articles addressing the porous structure of the implants published from January 2000 to April 2016 using the keywords of scaffold, pore size, porosity, osteogenesis. The literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The stability of traditional implants cannot meet the requirements in some specific circumstances, while the implants with porosity can improve the stability due to its osteogenesis ability. (2) Porous structure is a hotspot, and the osseointegration of porous implants in vivo is explored through series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. (3) It has been shown that higher porosity, proper pore size, microporous morphology and microstructure of the pore wall may contribute to the growth and differentiation of bone tissue under enough mechanical support. (4) However, most studies on the porous implants are still on the in vivo and animal experimental stage, and its promoting effects on the osteogenesis and bone in-growth are needed to be investigated in depth.

Objective To study the protective effects of intense pulse light (IPL) on the injury of normal human skin fibroblasts (FB) induced by ultraviolet A (UVA Ⅰ ) in vitro and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods The human skin fibroblasts were isolated and cultured, and then irradiated by UVA Ⅰ (9 J/cm2) and IPL (15 J/cm2), respectively. The proliferative ability of the cells were detected by CCK-8. Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry, and cylin D1 and CDK2 protein expression levels were detected by Western blot. Results Different doses of UVA Ⅰ irradiation caused certain damages of cultured fibroblasts. With the increasing of of UVA Ⅰ dose, cell proliferation was decreased. Cells went to death at the exposure to 11 J/cm2 UVA Ⅰ , while the proliferative activity did not change much at 7 J/cm2 UVA Ⅰ . Cells were treated with UVA Ⅰ for other 2 days, then with IPL irradiation for other 2days, showing clear stimulating to the cell proliferation as compared with the cells that received UVA Ⅰ treatment only. Flow cytometry results showed that an increase of cell proliferating index, and cell cycle protein cyclin D1 and CDK2 expression levels were also upregulated after IPL irradiation.Conclusion UVA Ⅰ irradiation may cause cell damage as showed by cell growth index, cyclin D1 and CDK2 expression, and this injury could be protected partly by IPL treatment. The intense pulsed light may regulate the expression of cyclin proteins that may promote normal fibroblast proliferation, which could be one of the mechanisms of IPL skin rejuvenation.

Different varieties of Terminalia chebula Retz. were identified by DNA finger prints, andat the same time, some problems encountered during the application of RAPD for the identification ofTCM were studied. The polymorphic features of DNA finger prints of different species were compared.Results of the study showed that they were differently related in heredity which can provide a basis for thedifferentiation of one species from the other. Means for the solution of problems arised during RAPD ap-plication were suggested. It was concluded that RAPD is an effective method to identify T. chebula from itsconfusable varieties.

Objective By using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to evaluate the vascular neointimal hyperplasia and the stent strut coverage degree in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and in patients with stable angina (SA) one year after receiving drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation, and to compare the clinical results between the two groups. Methods A total of 39 patients, who received DES implantation due to coronary heart disease, including AMI (n=16, AMI group) and SA (n=23, SA group), during the period from March 2011 to July 2012, were enrolled in this study. One year after DES implantation, coronary angiography and OCT reexaminations were performed in all patients. The neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) thickness, NIH area, NIH volume, strut coverage and apposition rate were determined with OCT. The results were compared between the two groups. Results OCT measuring results showed that the mean NIH thickness of AMI group and SA group was ( 66 . 8 ± 20 . 7 ) mm and ( 121 . 6 ± 135 . 7 ) mm respectively (P=0.022); the NIH volume ratio were 5.66%±3.18% and 11.88%±8.22% respectively (P=0.005); the percentage of cross-section with NIH thickness over 100 μm was 22.56%±23.99% and 40.14%± 30.01% respectively (P=0.034); and the percentage of overall stent strut coverage was 89.27%±6.40% and 93.42%±7.03% respectively (P=0.007). All the above mentioned data of AMI group were obviously lower than those of SA group. Conclusion After DES implantation, the intimal repair, intimal hyperplasia and stent strut coverage in AMI patients are poorer.

Objective To investigate dynamic metabolism in vivo of Ginkgo Folium Tablet under the guidance of sequential metabolism thoughts. Methods In situ closed-loop in rats was carried out to study sequential metabolism of Ginkgo Folium Tablet through oral digestive system, namely to investigate and compare the intestinal flora metabolism, the gut wall metabolism and hepatic metabolism, combined with chromatographic fingerprint of blood samples. Results The analysis showed that 12 peaks in Ginkgo Folium Tablet were metabolized by intestinal flora, and 7 peaks generated through the gut wall. Most components of Ginkgo Folium Tablet were metabolized in liver, and 3 original medicine components were directly into the blood. Conclusion This study conducts a qualitative description of metabolism of Ginkgo Folium Tablet in different parts of the oral route, and provides references for the quality control, mechanism explanation and secondary development for Ginkgo Folium Tablet.