OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for research & development and application of pill preparation. METHODS: Our understanding on the statement "Pill, Is Sluggish" was come up with, and the pertinetn literature and research results were analyzed and summarized. RESULTS: The statement "Pill, Is Sluggish" is not only the description of the traditional pill's dosage-form characteristic, but also contains the requirement on administration method. It is a relative description. There is also difference in speed of taking effect between different kinds of pills. Its origin contains the factor of dosage as well as the factor of dosage-form; It does not apply to some new type pills. CONCLUSION: The connotation of "Pill, Is Sluggish" is extremely rich, which should be viewed relatively, comprehensively and developmentally so as to continuously enrich and develop the dosage form theory of Chinese materia medica and make pills serve better for the clinic.

The paper conducted a descriptive analysis of the current situation of the faculty in the School of the Traditional Chinese Medicine of Capital Medical University.Then,using the framework of SWOT analysis,the paper discussed the external and internal factors related with the faculty development.According to the suggestions collected via expert consultation,strategies for the faculty development were put forward in the last part of the paper.

Objective To prepare the small intestinal submucosa (SIS) to be used as a scaffold in constructing engineered cardiac tissue. Methods Small intestinal submucosa of pig was treated with 0.25% trypsin and then 0.5% SDS for 24 hours each to obtain decellularized SIS. The obtained SIS was tested for its mechanical strength by stretching both horizontally and longitudinally with a material test machine. The cytotoxicity and histocompatibility of the material was also examined. Then the cardiomyocytes harvested from 3-day old neonatal rats were seeded on the SIS to construct engineered cardiac tissue sheets. These acquired engineered cardiac tissue sheets were immunohistochemically stained and observed with inversion microscope and transmission electromicroscope to evaluate their characteristics. Results SIS was decellularized completely. The mechanical capability of the decellularized SIS was satisfactory. Under 15% stretching, its strain and stress was nearly linear. SIS showed no cytotoxicity and inflammatory response. After 12 hours, the cardiomyocytes seeded in the SIS scaffold began to beat spontaneously. Two days later, the cardiomyocytes-SIS scaffold composite (engineered cardiac tissue sheet) began to beat spontaneously, and could beat spontaneously for 14 days. The constructed engineered cardiac tissue sheets consisted of layers of cardiomyocytes and with abundant extracellular collagen in the sheet. Conclusions SIS with good mechanical capability and biocompatibility has been prepared successfully, and then the engineered cardiac tissue has been constructed successfully based on the SIS scaffold.

ObjectiveTo discuss the impact of conflict psychological stress on rats'sleep time and sleep phrase.Methods20 Wistar male rats were randomly divided into vehicle group and model group,10 in each group.The improved experiment of Vogel drinking water conflict was used to establish the model of conflict psychological stress in rats and monitoring the changes of rats'weight and concentration of corticosterone (CORT) in serum after a week.After one week,the 12 h EEG and EMG of rats were traced by the polygraph in order to clarify the effect of conflict psychological stress on rats′ sleep time and sleep phrase.ResultsAfter one week,compared with vehicle group the weight of model group decreased significantly ( t =2.87,P ＜ 0.05 ),the concentration of CORT in serum raised significantly( t=5.19,P ＜ 0.05 ).A week later,compared the vehicle group,total sleep time( TST),light sleep,slow wave sleep(SWS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REM) time in model group rats ( (337.8 ±84.2)min,( 169 ±49.2) min,( 136.9 ±40.8)min,(33.1 ± 10.1 ) min for vehicle group; ( 155.4 ±16.7 ) min,( 111.6 ± 16.4 ) min,( 30.6 ± 4.9 ) min,( 12.6 ± 3.3 ) min for model group) were significantly reduced ( t =6.75,2.43,5.51,5.78,P ＜ 0.05 ),and the proportion of lightsleep increased ( (49.6 ± 3.4 ) ％,( 71.7 ±5.4)％ ) ( t =6.90,P＜0.05),the proportion of SWS decreased( (40.3 ± 10.9)％,( 19.8 ±3.2)％ ) ( t=6.74,P ＜ 0.05 ) ;but no significant change in the proportion of REM ( t =1.57,P＞ 0.05 ).Rats,sleep-wake rhythm figure indicated that the rats'sleep duration reduced and the number of awakening increased ; sleep tended to be fragmentation.ConclusionsConflict psychological stress lead to hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity,weight loss,and the rhythm of sleep and sleep phase change in rats.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of comprehensive rehabilitation on life quality of patients with stroke in recovery phase.Methods83 patients with stroke in recovery phase (over 3 months) accepted comprehensive rehabilitation. Their extremity motor function and activity of daily living (ADL) were compared before and after rehabilitation.ResultsThere were statistically significant difference on Brunnstrom scores and ADL scores before and after rehabilitation(P<0.01).ConclusionComprehensive rehabilitation can improve motor function and quality of life in post-stroke patients.

Nano-hydroxyapatite has been widely used as reconstructive and prosthetic material for osseous tissue,owing to its excellent biocompatibility and tissue bioactivity.But the poor mechanical property of hydroxyapatite restricts its further application.In order to enhance the comprehensive performance of the material,many researches have been dedicated to the synthesization of the composite materials.This article reviews the main preparation methods of nano-hydroxyapatite and the advancement in research of its composite.The directions in this research area are described as well.

Various surgical technologies have been developed to minimize the risk of the operation. With continuous water flow being the dissector, a relatively bloodless operation and a clear view for the operator can be obtained. When applied to the adventitia and the soft tissue adjacent to the vascular structure, it is satisfying and the vessel and ureter can be protected perfectly if ligated selectively. The operation time is also shorter than the routine one. So, further studies of this technology are necessary.

BACKGROUND:Peripheral nerve defect due to limb dysfunction has always been the difficulty faced by the medical profession. Ideal materials and processing technology for constructing a tissue engineering scaffold targeting peripheral nerve repair are stil in research stage. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress in peripheral nerve repair using col agen/silk fibroin nerve conduits. METHODS:In this paper, the first author retrieved the PubMed and CNKI from 2003 to 2016 to search articles regarding methods of constructing artificial nerve scaffolds and selection of raw materials. Data from these articles were col ected, summarized and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Forty-six articles were included for final analysis. Col agen and its degradation products trigger no inflammatory response in the host because of high biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, its use is largely limited by its rapid degradation and poor physical performance. Silk fibroin has a high flexibility and biocompatibility, and exhibits a slow degradation in vivo. As a rapid prototyping technique, three-dimensional printing can print various forms of scaffolds within a short time, characterized as high-quality pore structure and large-scale production. Given these, the col agen/silk fibroin nerve conduit prepared using the three-dimensional printing technology can maintain the biocompatibility and even improve the mechanical properties of the raw materials. Until now, more investigations on nerve repair using col agen or silk fibroin have been done, and we have never stopped improving the production process of these scaffolds. Therefore, the col agen/silk fibroin scaffold prepared using the three-dimensional printing technology is expected to become the main candidate for the repair of peripheral nerve defects.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of bipolar hemi arthroplasty and PFNA internal fixation for elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fracture.Methods The data of 79 elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fracture in our hospital from Au-gust 2013 to August 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.According to different surgical methods,79 cases were divided into observation group (n =40)and control group(n =39).The observation group were treated by artificially double-acting avascular replacement,and the control group received PFNA internal fixation.The operation time,intraoperatve blood soss,bedridden time,clinical effecacy and complications were recorded and observed.Results The operative time and bed time of observation group were significantly shorter than those of control group, the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The total postoperative complication rate of observation group was 20.00%,which was higher than 20.51% of control group,the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The Harris scores in observation group 3 months and 6 months after surgery were significantly higher than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).Con-clusion Both artificially double-acting avascular replacement and PFNA internal fixation have a good effect on elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fracture.The artificially double-acting avascular replacement has the advantages of less blood loss,faster recovery and less postoperative complications,which is conducive to improving the quality of life of patients.

Objective To observe the adhesion of MC3T3-EI osteoblastic progenitor cells to the three-dimensional chitosan-decellularised-derma scaffolds,and evaluate the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds.Method The threedimensional chitosan-decellularised-derma scaffolds were prepared by the freeze-dtying method,the porosity,density and water absorption of which were measured.The microscopic morphology of the composite scaffolds was analyzed by the scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The MC3T3-E1 cells cultivated in vitro were seeded onto the composite scaffolds,and then co-cultured for 2,3,4 and 5 hours.At each time point,three specimens from each matrix were taken to determine the cell-adhesion rate and the best time of the cell-adhesion.The cells were seeded onto the composite scaffolds,and then co-cultured for 1,3,5,7,9,11 and 13 days.The MC3T3-E1 cells inside were evaluated with MTS test.The cell morphology was observed by the histological staining.The compression tests were performed using a Universal Testing Machine,at room temperature,as compared with no-cell-scaffolds.Results The three-dimensional chitosan-decellularised-derma scaffolds have high interval poroslty with the porosity(92.8%),the density(0.09796 g/ml)and the water absorption(2169±100)%.The cytocompatibility test shows that the seeded MC3T3-E1 cells can adhere to the scaffolds and proliferate.Conclusions The three-dimensional chitosan-decellularised-derma scaffolds have high interval porosity with the welldistributed diameter.The MC3T3-E1 cells are easy to adhere the scaffolds and proliferate which shows that the scaffolds have a good cytocompatibility.