Objective To compare the success rate of two methods of neonatal BCG intradermal injection.Methods 236 cases of neonatal inoculation conditions were randomly divided into two groups,observed group of 113 cases using the improved technique of intradermal injection of BCG vaccine,in the control group of 123 patients with conventional intradermal injection of BCG vaccine. The inoculation effect was compared between the two groups.Results BCG injection success rate of the observed group was significantly higher than that of the control group (x2=4.3148,P＜0.05). Conclusion The improved method in neonatal injected intradermally. BCG,and no leakage, no exudate,size Picchu meet vaccination requirements,the advantages of vaccination success rate.

Objective To study DeFazio capsules oxaliplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy on matrix metallo-proteinase-9 ( MMP-9 ) and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) in patients with advanced gastric cancer . Methods 92 patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into the two groups ,the observation group ( n=46 ) and the control group ( n=46 ) .Both two groups were used neoadjuvant chemotherapy , DeFazio capsules oxaliplatin chemotherapy for the observation group and capecitabine oxaliplatin chemotherapy for the control group . Expression of MMP-9 and VEGF was determined by immunohistochemistry in gastric cancer tissues .Results After chemotherapy,the total effective rate was 60.9%in the control group and 80.4%in the observation group.The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher (χ2 =6.42,P<0.05).The anemia,thrombocyto-penia,hepatic dysfunction ,renal dysfunction ,the incidence of nausea and vomiting had no significant differences be-tween the two groups (χ2 =1.52,0.96,2.06,0.00,1.28,all P>0.05).Neutropenia,neurotoxicity in the observation group were less than the control group (χ2 =5.68,4.18,all P<0.05).Before chemotherapy,the positive rates of VEGF and MMP-9 expression in the control group were 93.5%,78.3%.Those of the observation group were 89.1%and 82.6%,respectively,the differences were not significant (χ2 =2.12,2,72,all P>0.05).After the chemothera-py,the positive expression rates of VEGF and MMP-9 in the control group were 45.7%,41.3%,respectively.Those of the observation group were 23.9%and 21.7%,respectively.VEGF and MMP-9 positive expression rates were sig-nificantly lower than before chemotherapy (χ2 =4.72,4.08,10.14,9.84,P<0.05,P<0.01).The observation group was significantly lower than the control group (χ2 =5.14,4.72,all P<0.05).Conclusion DeFazio capsules oxali-platin neoadjuvant chemotherapy can decrease MMP-9 and VEGF expression in patients with advanced gastric cancer .

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-in-duced expression and release of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in rat astrocytes.Methods The primary astrocytes were prepared from the cerebral cortex of 5 neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured.The cultured cells were identified by immunofluorescence staining with glial fibrillary acid protein.The cells were then divided into 6 groups (n =15 each):control group (group C),TNF-α group (group T),TNF-α+ different concentrations of curcumin groups (Cur5,Cur10 and Cur20 groups),and TNF-α+ solvent control group (D group).TNF-α with the final concentration of 20 ng/ml was added and the cells were incubated for 2h in T group.In Cur5,Cur10 and Cur20 groups,curcumin with the final concentrations of 5,10 and 20μmol/L was added,respectively,the cells were incubated for 24h and then the culture medium was abandoned,TNF-α with the final concentration of 20 ng/ml was added and the cells were then incubated for another 2h.In group D,dimethyl sulfoxide with the final concentration of 1 μl/ml was added,the cells were then incubated for 24h,then TNF-α with the final concentration of 20 ng/ml was added and the cells were incubated for another 2h.After treatment in each group,the expression of MCP-1 was determined by immunohistochemistry and the release of MCP-1 was determined by ELISA.Results Compared with group C,the expression and release of MCP-1 was significantly increased in the other five groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group T,the expression and release of MCP-1 was significantly decreased in group Cur20 (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant changes in the expression and release of MCP-1 were found in Cur5,Cur10 and D groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group Cur5,the expression and release of MCP1 was significantly decreased in group Cur20 (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change in the expression and release of MCP-1 was found in group Cur10 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Curcumin can inhibit TNF-α-induced expression and release of MCP-1 in rat astrocytes and the effect is dose-related and may be one of the mechanisms of curcumin-induced reduction of neurophathic pain.

The report introduces a microcomputer controlled instrument which can be used to identify and diagnose acute cerebral apoplexy.The methods of statistics and probability theory are adopted by the instrument to select “body omen” and compute “value”.Z80A is used as the central processing unit and the external device is processed as an internal storage by using linear encodige.The instrurrent uses ZSOA assembly language to make software.

Objective To investigate if distribution of stone composition and onset age in the upper urinary tract changed during the past 12 years in China.Methods There were 1 878 urolithiasis patients of the upper urinary tract in our hospital from 2003 to 2014 enrolled in present cross-sectional study.There were 1 300 male and 578 female patients with a median onset age of 46 (6-95) years.Stone composition was measured by infrared spectrophotometry.All the patients were divided into 3 groups according to the onset year:Year 2003-2006,Year 2007-2010 and Year 2011-2014.The distributions of stone types were compared among the 3 groups.Age and gender were included as potential confounders.Chi square test,P trend test,Kruskal-Wallis test and logistic regression were employed in the statistical analysis.Results Calcium oxalate was the most common type with a dominant proportion of 78.1％ (1 466/1 878),while uric acid had a small proportion of 4.8％ (91/1 878).The proportions of uric acid in the 3 groups were 2.7％ (12/441),5.1％ (39/758) and 5.9％ (40/679),showing an increasing trend (P ＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that year group was independently correlated with the proportion of uric acid,with an OR of 1.385 (95％ CI,1.027-1.867).From 2003 to 2014,the proportion of uric acid calculus increased by 0.42％ (95％ CI,0.25％-0.59％) annually.The median ages of disease onset were 43,46 and 49 years respectively in those three groups,also showing an increasing trend with time (P ＜0.01).Conclusion From 2003 to 2014,the proportion of uric acid and onset age in patients of upper urinary tract calculi were increased in the present cohort.

AIM: To explore the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinases ERK1/2-STAT3 pathway in adaptive cytoprotection induced by H2O2 preconditioning in PC12 cells.METHODS: In PC12 cells,the experimental model of cytoprotection by H2O2 preconditioning against oxidative stress-induced injury was set up.The morphological changes in the apoptotic cells were observed by using of chromatin dye Hoechst 33258.The percent of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry(FCM) with propidium iodide staining.The levels of p-ERK1/2 and p-STAT3 expression were detected by Western blotting assay.RESULTS: Preconditioning with H2O2 at concentration of 100 ?mol/L for 90 min obviously inhibited apoptosis induced by 300 ?mol/L H2O2,and both ERK1/2 and STAT3 were activated.UO126(10 ?mol/L,an inhibitor of ERK1/2) or AG-490(10?mol/L,an inhibitor of JAK2) significantly blocked the cytoprotection effect of H2O2 preconditioning.Moreover,UO126(10 ?mol/L) also markedly inhibited the up-regulation of p-STAT3 expression by H2O2 preconditioning.CONCLUSION: H2O2 preconditioning activates ERK1/2-STAT3 signal pathway,which may be one of the mechanisms underlying H2O2 preconditioning-induced cytoprotection.

Objective To investigate the proportion , risk factors and tendency of change of stone composition in recurrent urolithiasis .Methods Eighty-five recurrent urolithiasis patients from 2002 to 2014 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study .There were 61 male and 24 female patients with a median age of 51 (21-89) years at initial events.Among those patients, 70 had two events, 12 had three events, and 3 had more than 3 events.Compositions of initial and recurrent stones were measured by infrared spectrophotometry.Stone type, recurrence interval and recurrence frequency were studied as potential risk factors for composition change . Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were employed in the statistical analysis.Results Stone composition changed during recurrence in 26 patients ( 30.6%) . Univariate analysis showed the risk ratio of composition change in the patients with recurrence interval of 1-5 years was 0.518 (95%CI, 0.277-0.967, P<0.05) when compared with those of less than 1 year or more than 5 years.Logistic regression analysis showed the odds ratio of recurrence interval of 1-5 years was 0.231 (95%CI, 0.075-0.707, P=0.010).The mutual conversion between calcium oxalate and infection stones was mostly observed when stone composition changed during recurrence .Twenty percent of calcium oxalate stones changed to infection stones and 29.2% of infection stones changed to calcium oxalate .
Conclusions Stone composition changes in about one third patients of recurrent urolithiasis .The mutual conversion between calcium oxalate and infection stones is the most common change .Recurrence interval is an independent risk factor to predict composition change .Repeated stone analysis should be suggested to patients with recurrent interval of less than 1 year or more than 5 years.

Objective: To investigate the causal relationship between antioxidant nutrients and pregnancy complications, so as to provide the reference for the prevention and treatment of pregnancy complications. Methods: Data of seven antioxidant nutrients including vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, copper and iron were collected from genome-wide association study (GWAS) Catalog database, and data of four pregnancy complications including gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, spontaneous abortion and preterm birth were collected from the Finland database. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were collected, and 27 SNPS strongly correlated with seven antioxidant nutrients were selected as instrumental variables. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method with seven antioxidant nutrients as exposures factors and four pregnancy complications as outcome variables. The heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran's Q test, the horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using the MR-PRESSO test and MR-Egger regression, and the robustness of the results was verified with the leave-one-out. Results: Cochran's Q test showed heterogeneity of MR results between vitamin C and gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and preterm birth, between vitamin E and iron and gestational diabetes (all P<0.05), and a random effect model was employed. There was no heterogeneity in other results (all P>0.05), and a fixed effect model was employed. MR analysis results showed that there was no causal association between seven antioxidant nutrients and the risk of four pregnancy complications (all P>0.05). MR-PRESSO test and the MR-Egger regression identified no horizontal pleiotropy of instrumental variables (both P>0.05). Conclusion This study did not find genetically predicted associations of antioxidant nutrients with pregnancy complications.

Directive 2004/24/EC of the European Parliament and the Council entered into force on April 30th, 2004. After 7 years, there is no Chinese medicine to be registered successfully in European market as traditional herbal medicinal products. The thesis gives some ideas to tackle this problem. Procedure for the Preparation of Community Monographs for Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products (EMEA/HMPC/182320/2005) published by European Medicines Agency is an important guidance for traditional herbal products to enter European Community monographs. The thesis introduces and details the procedure as well as gives feasible suggestions about the procedure. It suggests that Chinese medicines enter European Community monographs first, and then apply the registration according to the directive 2004/24/EC. This is an easier access to European market.

Recent studies have found that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has great impact on the development of biliary tract diseases. Here in this review, we summarized the relationship between NAFLD and the occurrence and development, risk factors and severity of cholestasis, gallstones, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, primary biliary cirrhosis and bile microbiota, so as to further illuminate the pathogenesis of NAFLD and biliary tract diseases, obtain better diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes on NAFLD and biliary tract diseases.