To study the effect of vascular proliferation and reconstruction in chronic hepatitis B (CHB), immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization were used. The expression of transforming growth factor (TGF-?1) and smooth muscle actin (?-SMA) in livers of CHB were observed. The results showed that TGF-?1 and ?-SMA were related with degeneration of hepatocytes, intrahepatic vascular fibrosis and hepatic sinusoidal capillarization. The expression degree and range of TGF-?1 and ?-SMA increased with the exacerbation of liver lesion. These results suggest that vascular proliferation and reconstruction may play important roles during the process of CHB.

Objective To analyse the mitral annular abnormal motion in patients with myocardial infarction by using M-mode and freguency spectrum Doppler tissue imaging (DTI-M), and study its clinical value in assessing the LV function. Methods The total systolic annular displacement (MD), early diastolic displacement (MDe), late diastolic displacement (MDa) of posterier valve of mitral annular, systolic and diastolic motion velocilies (V S,V E,V A), time velocity integrals (TV IS,TV IE,TV IA) of the lateral wall of the mitral annulus were determined with DTI-M mode and freguency spectrum from apical four-chamber view in 28 cases of patients with myocardial infarction. Results The MD, MDe, MDe/MDa in patients with myocardial infarction were found to be decreased significantly (P

Objective To study the features of abnormal left ventricular diastolic function in ischemic myocardium by DTI (Doppler Tissue Imaging). Methods Left ventricular diastolic function was studied before and after coronary angiography in 24 patients suspected to have myocardial ischemia, left ventricular pressure parameters were obtained by left cardiac catheterization and diastolic velocity of left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) was measured by DTI at the same time. Results 1.The lowest left ventricular diastolic pressure increased significantly during ischemia of myocardium(P

To evaluate the value of Doppler tissue imaging(DTI) to assess left ventricular systolic and diastolic function by determining motion frequency of the mitral annulus in acute myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction. The left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) was ligated in 10 pigs and systolic motion velocity(Sa), early diastolic velocity(Ea), late diastolic velocity(Aa) and Ea/Aa of lateral mitral annulus in apical 4 chamber view using DTI velocity model before and after ligation of LAD were determined.The results were compared with routine Doppler. In basal state, Ea/Aa was positively correlated with VE/VA (the ratio of early and late diastolic velocity of mitral flow) with Doppler imaging (?=0.82). After the ligation of LAD, Sa, Ea and Ea/Aa significantly decreased, while there was no difference in Aa. DTI is simple and easy for determining mitral annulus motion. It is a new quantitative and non invasive method to evaluate left ventricular function. [HS(2*2/3]

Objective To investigate the echocardiographic features of complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA)in fetuses.Methods Prenatal echocardiographic data of 9 fetuses diagnosed as TGA by autopsy or postnatal echocardiography during January 2010 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All of 9 fetuses showed normal cardiac axis and atrioventricular connection on four-chamber view.Eight of them showed the baby bird's beak sign on left ventricular outflow tract view.On left and right ventricular outflow tracts view,the two great arteries were parallel in 8 fetuses.Totally 6 fetuses showed just 2 vessels on three vessels and tracheal (3VT) view.On aortic arch view,the radian of aortic arch had increased in different degrees in 7 fetuses.There were 4 fetuses with ventricular septal defect observed by both of four-chamber and left ventricular outflow tract views.Conclusion The echocardiographic features of fetuses with TGA are characteristic in left ventricular outflow tract,left and right ventricular outflow tracts,3VT and aortic arch views,including baby bird's beak sign,2 great arteries' parallel relations,only 2 vessels on 3VT view,and increased radian of aortic arch.Of these features,baby bird's beak sign is the most common.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of epicardial echocardiographic examination in cardiac valve surgery.Methods Epicardial echocardiography were performed in 46 patients undergoing valvular plasty or valvular replacement surgery to estimate the function of valve and left ventricle and residual shunt during cardiac surgery.Results Twelve cases of 46(26.1％)showed abnormality during cardiac surgery.Two cases of 15 patients performed valvuloplasty were changed to valvular replacement because of remarkable regurgitation of native valves.There was 1 case of periprosthetic leakage,3 cases of left atrial appendage thrombus,1 case of patent foramen ovale and 5 cases of low ejection of left ventricle in all 31 cases of valvular replacement.Conclusions Epicardial echocardiograpyc examination is an effective examination in cardiac valve surgery with clearly image,simplicity operation and promptness.

Objective To discuss the risk factors for susceptibility of subcutaneous tophi with an aim to provide clinical evidence for the prevention and treatment of tophi.Methods A total of 5 321 cases of gout patients whose course of disease was less than 10 years were selected and divided into two groups according to whether a subcutaneous tophus was present. The clinical information was collected and relevant biochemical indices were detected.Results There were significant differences in the ratios of regular exercise, involvement of upper limb joints, combining renal insufficiency, kidney stone and coronary heart disease between the tophus group and the non-tophus group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were significant statistical differences in age, disease duration, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum uric acid, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance rate, the number of joints involved between the two groups[(51.80±14.58 vs 48.45±14.45)year,(5.61±3.20 vs 3.28±3.06)year,(26.50±3.39 vs 27.05±3.45)kg/m2,(138±20 vs 133±18)mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa,(89±13 vs 87±12)mmHg,(486.66±121.96 vs 460.02±119.10) μmol/L,(112.11±62.97 vs 104.43±46.28) μmol/L, (86.46±37.99 vs 93.00±40.11 )ml/min,(2.89±1.86 vs 1.76±1.22) joints, all P<0.01]. There were no statistical differences in family history, gender, history of smoking and drinking, the means of waistline, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol between the two groups(all P>0.05). Further logistic regression analysis indicated that disease duration, a large number of joints involved, the involvement of upper limb joints, combining kidney stones, higher serum uric acid level, and higher diastolic pressure were risk factors of the early onset of subcutaneous tophi, while regular exercise and body mass index were protective factors.Conclusion Patients with long duration, high serum level of uric acid, a large number of joints involved, upper limb joint involved, kidney stones, and hypertension were more likely to develop subcutaneous tophi. These risk factors should be intervened actively in clinic.

Objective Obesity is one of the risk factors for gout.The aim of the present study was to evaluate clinical characteristics of gout patients with different BMI.Methods A total of 5 104 patients with gout were enrolled and divided into three groups according to the BMI.The clinical information was collected and relevant biochemical indices were detected.SPSS software was applied for the statistical analyses.Results There were significant differences in the ratios of gender,regular exercise,hypertension,tophus,renal insufficiency,hyperlipidemia,impaired glucose metabolism,liver dysfunction among the three groups (all P＜0.01).The onset age in overweight [45(36,55) years] and obese subjects [40(31,50)years] were earlier than that of the normal weight subjects [50 (38,61) years].Moreover,waist circumstances [103(99,108) cm and 94 (90,98) cm vs 87 (82,91) cm],systolic pressure [130 (120,145) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) and 130 (120,140) mmHg vs 128 (115,140) mmHg],diastolic pressure [90 (80,100) mmHg and 85 (80,92) mmHg vs 80 (79,90) mmHg],fasting blood glucose [5.77 (5.30,6.44) mmol/L and 5.65 (5.19,6.26) mmol/L vs 5.55 (5.10,6.15) mmol/L],TG [2.10 (1.46,3.04) mmol/L and1.88 (1.35,2.78) mmol/L vs 1.52 (1.07,2.39) mmol/L],TC [5.20 (4.55,5.93) mmol/L and 5.07 (4.46,5.75) mmol/L vs 4.95 (4.27,5.65) mmol/L],serum uric acid [483(418,552) μmol/L and461(395,524) μmol/L vs440 (368,517) μmol/L],ALT [30 (21,46) U/L and25 (18,36) U/L vs 21 (14,29) U/L],AST [21(17,28) U/L and 20 (17,26) U/L vs 20 (6,25) U/L],the number of joints involved [2 (1,3) joints and 2 (1,2) joints vs 1 (1,2) joints] in the overweight and obese groups were higher than those in the normal weight group (all P ＜ 0.01).There were no statistical differences in family history,involvement of upper limb joints,kidney stones and coronary heart disease among the three groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Obesity is associated with an earlier age of gout onset.With the increase of BMI,the blood pressures,glucose,lipid,serum uric acid,liver transaminase levels and the number of involved joints increased gradually.Cautions should be taken in treating patients with different BMI.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Dahuang Xiaozhi Suppository in treating chronic abacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CABP/CPPS) of moist heat and blood stasis syndrome. Methods Two hundred patients of CABP/CPPS were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 100 cases in each group. 2 groups were disabled anti-infective meidicne and other preparations, and received diet and life intervention. The control group received the treatment of Qianliean Suppository, and the observation group received the treatment of Dahuang Xiaozhi Suppository, one capsule each time, once a day, into the anus depth of about 3–4 cm. Ten days were a treatment course with two day interval between each course of treatment. The treatment lasted for three courses. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was observed and compared. The indexes including the scores of NIH-CPSI, leukocyte count and lecithin corpuscles in prostatic fluid, and urinary flow rate were evaluated. Results The total effective rate was 100% (100/100) in the observation group and 78% (78/100) in the control group, and the observation group was much higher than control group (P<0.05). The scores of NIH-CPSI and leukocyte count in both groups were significantly lower after treatment (P<0.01), and those in observation group weresignificantly lower than those in control group (P<0.01). The cases with lecithin corpuscles++++in both groups were significantly more after treatment (P<0.01), and those in observation group were significantly more than those in control group (P<0.01). The peak flow rate and mean flow rate in both groups were higher after treatment (P<0.01), and it was higher in observation group (P<0.01). Conclusion The efficacy of Dahuang Xiaozhi Suppository in treating CABP/CPPS of moist heat and blood stasis syndrome is remarkable, and it is better than Qianliean Suppository.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the implication of ultrasonographic features of primary breast cancer tumors and axillary lymph nodes in predicting axillary lymph nodes metastasis in patients with breast cancer.MethodsA total of 108 patients with breast cancer were underwent examination of primary breast tumors and axillary lymph nodes by high frequency linear-array probes of ultrasound.The ages of patients,locations of primary tumors,numbers of tumors,maximum diameters of tumors,the longitudinal transverse axis ratio of tumors,mass boundary,ultrasonic patterns,micro-calcification,classification of blood supply,color pixel density(CPD),peak systolic velocity,resistance index,the longitudinal transverse axis ratio of axillary lymph nodes and maximum cortical thickness of axillary lymph nodes were recorded.ResultsOut of 108 patients with breast cancer,the longitudinal transverse axis ratio of tumor were greater than 1 in 75 (69.4 ％ ),micro-calcification in 57(52.8 ％ ),classification of blood supply were Ⅱ - Ⅲ in 57 (52.8％ ),CPD were greater than or equal to 10％ in 48 (44.4％),maximum cortical thickness of axillary lymph node were greater than or equal to 3 mm in 51 (47.2％),and longitudinal transverse axis ratio of lymph nodes were less than 1.5 in 59 (54.6％).Univariate analysis revealed that these six parameters were correlated to the axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer ( P ＜0.05).However,ages of patients,location of tumor in the breast,numbers of tumors,maximum diameters of tumors,mass boundary,ultrasonic patterns,peak systolic velocity and resistance index were not related to the axillary lymph node metastasis( P ＞0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that CPD (OR:16.337,95％ CI:4.537- 58.826),longitudinal transverse axis ratio of lymph nodes (OR:3.754,95％ CI:1.269- 11.108) and microcalcificationand (OR:3.033,95 ％ CI:1.040 - 8.840) were risk factors of axillary lymph nodes metastasis in patients with breast cancer.ConclusionsThe application of ultrasonography in patients with breast cancer is useful in predicting axillary lymph nodes metastasis.