Ampullary carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the digestive tract. Compared with other malignant tumors around the ampulla, its prognosis is significantly better, but the prognosis of some patients with ampulla cancer is unsatisfactory. Studies have confirmed that the systemic inflammatory response is closely related to the prognosis and efficacy of tumors, and the tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in tumor progression and prognosis. In recent years, inflammatory parameters and related prediction models have become a hot spot in predicting the prognosis and survival of ampullary cancer, and they have been confirmed to have certain predictive value. This article reviews the correlation between inflammatory parameters and prognosis of ampullary carcinoma and presents the possible progress for future research.

Objective:To explore the clinical value of auto-tube voltage controlled contrast medium injection based on 3rd generation dual source CT coronary angiography.Methods:Patients with suspected coronary heart disease were prospectively enrolled from March to December, 2019 at Shandong Provincial Hospital and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) images were acquired from 220 patients, including 107 male, 113 female, aged from 34 to 82 years. Patients were divided into experimental and control groups with the random number table. In experimental group (113 patients), automatic tube voltage selection technology was used, the contrast agent dosage was set according to tube voltage. The injection time was 10 s; In control group (107 patients), tube voltage and contrast agent dosage were set according to weights. The injection time was 12 s. Images were acquired by ECG gating using the 3rd generation dual source CT (DSCT) with intravenous injection of 350 mg/L contrast medium, followed up with saline of the same dose. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the individual bias of raters. The rank sum test was used to evaluate the group-level differences of subjective image quality and contrast agent dosage. The t-test was used to evaluate the group-level differences of objective image quality and effective radiation dose (ED). Results:The noise of aortic root in the two groups were (27±4), (26±5) HU, respectively, with no statistical difference ( t=1.017, P=0.284). All ICC values were more than 0.5 indicating good correlation batween 2 raters. The objective image quality score was no significant differences( P>0.05). The subjective image quality scores of the two groups were 1.15±0.10 and 1.18±0.12, respectively, with no statistical difference (Z=-0.231, P=0.818). The ED value (2.2±0.6) mSv of experimental group was statistically lower than that of control group (4.6±1.8) mSv ( t=-13.107, P<0.001); the contrast dosage (35±7) ml of experimental group was statistically lower than that of control group（46±6）ml ( t=-8.699, P<0.001). Conclusions:The novel scanning protocol with auto-tube voltage based contrast agent setting is more convenient and practical with reduced radiation dose and contrast dose, while maintaining image quality.

Background and purpose:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the common malignancies,but the mechanism by which it develops resistance to drug remains unclear.The tumor microenvironment(TME),especially cancer-associated fibroblast(CAF),plays an important role in the occurrence,development and drug resistance of tumors.This study aimed to investigate the effect of inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts(iCAF)on drug resistance in CRC cells and its possible mechanism.Methods:The primary CAFs were collected from CRC patients underwent surgery in Putuo Hospital,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Aug.2022 to Sep.2022,and the primary cells were sorted according to the surface marker of CAF[approved by the Ethics Committee of Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine:PTEC-A-2023-5(S)-1],platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha(PDGFRA),to screen iCAF.Human intestinal fibroblast(HIF)and iCAF cells were cultured using serum-free medium to obtain conditioned medium.According to the treatment method,colon cancer cells were divided into control group(no treatment),experimental group 1(treated with HIF-CM)and experimental group 2(treated with iCAF-CM).We observed the changes in the survival rate and apoptotic rate of CRC cells,the changes in protein and mRNA levels and the effect on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway after stimulation with HIF-CM or iCAF-CM.Results:After iCAFs stimulation,the half inhibition concentration(IC50)of CRC cells was higher compared with the control group and HIF-CM group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group and HIF-CM group,the apoptotic rate of tumor cells in iCAF-CM group decreased significantly,the expression of caspase-3 was decreased,and the expressions of Bcl-2,Bcl-xL and survivin were increased(P＜0.05).The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated in the iCAF-CM group.Conclusion:iCAFs can mediate drug resistance in CRC cells,and the mechanism is related to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of pediatric methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates. Methods:The clinical data of children with MRSA infection and antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates from 11 children′s hospitals in Infectious Diseases Surveillance of Paediatrics (ISPED) group of China between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018 were collected retrospectively. The children′s general condition, high-risk factors, antimicrobial therapy and prognosis, differences in clinical disease and laboratory test results between different age groups, and differences of antibiotic sensitivity between community-acquired (CA)-MRSA and hospital-acquired (HA)-MRSA were analyzed. The t test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for statistical analysis of the quantitative data and Chi-square test were used for comparison of rates. Results:Among the 452 patients, 264 were males and 188 were females, aged from 2 days to 17 years. There were 233 cases (51.5%) in the ≤1 year old group, 79 cases (17.5%) in the>1-3 years old group, 29 cases (6.4%) in the >3-5 years old group, 65 cases (14.4%) in the >5-10 years old group, and 46 cases (10.2%) in the>10 years old group. The main distributions of onset seasons were 55 cases (12.2%) in December, 47 cases (10.4%) in February, 46 cases (10.2%) in November, 45 cases (10.0%) in January, 40 cases (8.8%) in March. There were 335 cases (74.1%) CA-MRSA and 117 (25.9%) cases HA-MRSA. Among all cases, 174 cases (38.5%) had basic diseases or long-term use of hormone and immunosuppressive drugs. During the period of hospitalization, 209 cases (46.2%) received medical interventions. There were 182 patients (40.3%) had used antibiotics (β-lactams, glycopeptides, macrolides, carbapenems, oxazolones, sulfonamides etc) 3 months before admission. The most common clinical disease was pneumonia (203 cases), followed by skin soft-tissue infection (133 cases), sepsis (92 cases), deep tissue abscess (42 cases), osteomyelitis (40 cases), and septic arthritis (26 cases), suppurative meningitis (10 cases). The proportion of pneumonia in the ≤1 year old group was higher than the >1-3 years old group,>3-5 years old group,>5-10 years old group,>10 years old group (57.5% (134/233) vs. 30.4% (24/79), 31.0% (9/29), 38.5% (25/65), 23.9% (11/46), χ 2=17.374, 7.293, 7.410, 17.373, all P<0.01) The proportion of skin and soft tissue infections caused by CA-MRSA infection was higher than HA-MRSA (33.4% (112/335) vs. 17.9% (21/117), χ 2=10.010, P=0.002), and the proportion of pneumonia caused by HA-MRSA infection was higher than CA-MRSA (53.0% (62/117) vs. 42.1% (141/335), χ 2=4.166, P=0.041). The first white blood cell count of the ≤1 year old group was higher than that children > 1 year old ((15±8)×10 9/L vs. (13±7)×10 9/L, t=2.697, P=0.007), while the C-reactive protein of the ≤1 year old group was lower than the 1-3 years old group,>5-10 years old group,>10 years old group (8.00 (0.04-194.00) vs.17.00 (0.50-316.00), 15.20 (0.23-312.00), 21.79(0.13-219.00) mg/L, Z=3.207, 2.044, 2.513, all P<0.05), there were no significant differences in procalcitonin (PCT) between different age groups (all P>0.05). After the treatment, 131 cases were cured, 278 cases were improved, 21 cases were not cured, 12 cases died, and 10 cases were abandoned. The 452 MRSA isolates were all sensitive to vancomycin (100.0%), linezolid (100.0%), 100.0% resistant to penicillin, highly resistant to erythromycin (85.0%, 375/441), clindamycin (67.7%, 294/434), less resistant to sulfonamides (5.9%, 23/391), levofloxacin (4.5%, 19/423), gentamicin (3.2%, 14/438), rifampicin (1.8%, 8/440), minocycline (1.1%, 1/91). The antimicrobial resistance rates were not significantly different between the CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The infection of MRSA is mainly found in infants under 3 years old. The prevalent seasons are winter and spring, and MRSA is mainly acquired in the community. The main clinical diseases are pneumonia, skin soft-tissue infection and sepsis. No MRSA isolate is resistant to vancomycin, linezolid. MRSA isolates are generally sensitive to sulfonamides, levofloxacin, gentamicin, rifampicin, minocycline, and were highly resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin. To achieve better prognosis. clinicians should initiate anti-infective treatment for children with MRSA infection according to the clinical characteristics of patients and drug sensitivity of the isolates timely and effectively.