Enhancing effect of gin-senosides (GS) on immune function indirectly via hippocampus (HC was studied in this paper. The main results indicated that after the injection of GS into bilateral HC of rat directly by implantation at the dose of 5?10~8 kg per day for 4 days, splenocyte proliferative response to ConA was enhanced significantly as compared with control group. But after injection of GS into abdominal cavity with the same dose, no significant change of splenocyte proliferation to ConA was found. Be-sides , our data also indicated that GS, injected into HC, could promote NK cell activity, increase proliferative response of spleen B lymphocytes to SAC bacteria, enhance IL -2 production and IL -2R expression of spleen T lymphocytes. The study showed that GS could promote indirectly the immunce function of spleno-cytes via HC.

The aim of this study was expected to elucidate the possible mechanism of enhancing effects of Ginsenosides (GS) on immune function via hippocampus (HC). Our main results indicate that after the injection of GS into rat bilateral HC directly by condiuts with dose of 50 ?g/day for 4 days, thymocyte proliferative response to Con A and NK activity were increased significantly as compared with those of control groups. Furthemore, it has been found that this elevation coincides with decreased plasma ACTH and corticosterone level in the experimental group. Besides these, GS also can augment the thymocyte proliferating factor in the culture supernatant of HC slices. The data described above suggests that the action of GS induced cellular immunity appears to occur in part of neuroendocrine system by suppression pituitary-adrenal axis or of the promoting factor of HC.

ObjectiveTo understand nursing students' cognitive knowledge of occupational protection status,and to explore the feasibility of educational measures for the existing problems to reduce occupational hazards.MethodsA self-designed questionnaire about pre-knowledge of occupational protection of nursing students was adopted.ResultsThe college nurses' awareness of the standard precautionary principle,the protective propertics of different masks,the proper use of gloves,hepatitis B vaccination,treatment of sharp injuries,blocking treatment of HIV occupational exposure,transmission of blood-borne disease was significantly higher than Polytechnic nursing students ( P＜0.05 ).Therc is no difference in awareness of both the concept of occupational exposure and hand hygiene ( P＞0.05 ).ConclusionThc course of the knowledge of occupational protection to different education levels of nursing students is needed,and occupational safety education should be infiltrated into clinical practice.

Objective To study the effects of psychological stress on breast development and abnormal levels of related hormones or their receptors in pregnant rats .Methods Pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and ex-perimental group.The experimental group rats were given unpredictable stress stimuli for 15 days, including noise, restraint, re-versal of day and night , swimming in cold water and tail pinch-induced pain.Gross changes of the breast were observed , the di-ameter and height of breast nipple was measured, and breast coefficient was calculated.DNA and RNA levels in the breast tis-sues were determined by optical density measurement.The estrogen (E2), progesterone (P), growth hormone (GH) and prolac-tin (PRL) levels in plasma and breast tissues were determined by radioimmunoassay.Bmax and Kd of estradiol and progesterone receptors were measured by radolig and bindng assay .Morphological changes of the breast tissues were examined by light micros-copy using HE staining.Results Compared with the control group, the nipple diameter and height, breast weight and breast co-efficient were significantly decreased in the experimental group (P<0.05, P<0.01), the levels of DNA, RNA and RNA/DNA ratio in the breast tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), the levels of plasma E2, P and GH were significant-ly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), the levels of E2 and GH in the breast tissue homogenate were decreased also (P<0.05, P<0.01), the Bmaxs of E2 receptor and P receptor were decreased, but their Kds increased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the number of lobules and diameter of acini were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusions Psychological stress can lead to breast dysplasia and abnormal levels of estrogen and progesterone and their receptors in pregnant rats .

Objective To explore the effect of early phase rehabilitation training on the urination function recovery of the patients with paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods Sixty-six patients with paraplegia caused by SCI were selected and divided into the rehabilitation and the control group.The rehabilitation group of patients received early phase rehabilitation training on the urination function,the control group received routine training on the urination training and urinary catheter nursing care.The urination function recovery effect was compared between two groups.Results The urination function recovery effect of the rehabilitation group was significantly better than the control group.Conclusions The usage of early phases of urination training measures on the SCI paraplegia patients can help them cast off the catheter,build up regular urination,and reduce complications.

Objective To build a method to simultaneously determine paeoniflorin, naringin, hesperidin, glycyrrhizic acid in Sinisan by HPLC, provide a reliable method for evaluation and effective quality control, and lay the foundation of material basis for efficacy research for TCM compound Sinisan.Methods The column was Kromasil C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm);mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid aqueous solution with gradient elution program;the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;UV detection was performed at 240 nm;the detector drift tube temperature was set at 30℃.Results The linear ranges of paeoniflorin, naringin, hesperidin and glycyrrhizic acid were 0.00225-0.01125μg (r=0.999 7), 0.00390-0.00195μg (r=0.9997), 0.00198-0.00099μg (r=0.999 5), 0.00262-0.00131μg (r=0.999 7), respectively. The average recoveries of paeoniflorin, hesperidin, naringin and glycyrrhizic acid were 97.72% (RSD=1.02%), 98.45% (RSD=1.52%), 97.74% (RSD=1.63%), 98.34% (RSD=1.78%), respectively.Conclusion The method is accurate, simple, reliable and duplicable, and is available for the quality control of Sinisan.

Objective To review the authors′ experience in the diagnosis and management of Hirschsprung′s disease (HD) in newborn during a 7 year′s period (1995～2002),and evaluate a new therapeutic regime. Methods Clinical data of all 155 newborn HD cases were analyzed. Protocols were compared before and after May 2000. Results Barium enemas, anorectic manometry and rectal biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of HD in 155 newborn cases. Two stage radical procedure was performed in 107 cases , and one stage in 48 cases. One hundred and forty-seven cases were cured. Postoperative pneumonia occurred in 25 cases, wound dishences in 8 cases with 8 deaths. There was substantial difference in the incidence of complications, hospital stay and mortality between the two periods. Conclusions (1) Gastrointestinal perforation in neonatal HD cases should be managed by rectal biopsies during the exploration. (2)Different surgical treatment should be adopted in HD cases less than one month of age.

Endometriosis(Endometriosis,EMs)is a disease caused by abnormal colonization of the endometrial stroma or glands to sites other than the coated mucosa of the uterine cavity.Phospho-lipid inositol 3 kinase(phosphoinositide 3-kinase,PI3K)/protein kinase B(protein kinase B,Akt)sig-naling pathway is involved in the process of focal blood vessel formation,cell autophagic apoptosis,migration and invasion,and is one of the classic pathways regulating the pathological characteris-tics of EMs.The characteristics of multi-compo-nent,multi-target and multi-pathway of TCM have significant advantages in the treatment of EMs.Some TCM active components and TCM com-pounds can interfere with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,thus inhibiting the treatment of endome-triotic tissues,reducing pain and alleviating fibrotic lesions.By explaining the connection between the key targets of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and EMs,this paper summarizes and summarizes the re-search status of EMs by regulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway in home and abroad,aiming to provide a new perspective and idea for the use of traditional Chinese medicine and compound to treat EMs.

We studid the research status and network analysis of health food containing Angelica sinensis in the past 20 years with the methods of data mining. The key information of health food containing Angelica sinensis was obtained in State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) webpage, using Bibexcel analysis software generated co-occurrence matrix, and using Ucinet 6.0 Net Draw software drawed the social network graph according to the centrality. The data was calculated by SPSS19.0 software analysis. The results showed that 539 health food containing Angelica sinensis were successfully registered in 1997-2016 years, and the annual number of registration was the overall growth trend, there is a certain gap in R & D ability and level of health food containing Angelica sinensis with Angelica health food, brand advantage had not been established in health food containing Angelica sinensis; Health food containing Angelica sinensis form tend to preparation was very obvious such as capsule and oral liquid. The function of health food containing Angelica sinensis mainly concentrated in immune regulation and immune enhancement, removing chloasma, anemia improvment, anti-fatigue, relaxing bowel, improving sleep and anti-aging; and the compatibility of herbs with Angelica sinensis most often were Radix astragali membranacei, Radix rehmanniae, Poria cocos, Radix panacis ginseng, Radix codonopsitis pilosulae, Fructus zizyphi jujubae, Fructus lycii chinesis, Radix rehmanniae, Radix dioscoreae oppositae, Radix albus paeoniae lactiflorae, Colla Corii Asini, Saffron crocus, although compatibility is different, but the quality indexes are similar, the main detection of total polysaccharide and total saponin and total flavonoids. Research and development of health food containing Angelica sinensis should be in the form of regular food and adopt a multi index quality control model in future.