BFU-E growth is enhanced significantly after addition of either non-stimulated or LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophage culture supernatants. This supernatant shows positive and negative control on the growth of CFU-E and CFU-GM, low concentration supernatant shows promoting activity and high concentration supernatant presents inhibition. The LPS-stimulated supernatant shows much stronger promoting activities than non-stimulated supernatant. This supernatant has no obviously action on the proliferation of CFU-S. The mechanism of the regulation of mouse hemopoiesis by the conditioned media of the peritoneal macrophage is discussed. Our results show that this supernatant of cultured peritoneal macrophages may contain EPO-like, BPA-like and CSF-GM-like factors.

Macrophages are important immumo-active cells,They are integral components in the specific or nonspecific immunologic responses, We report a method for separation of macrophages using serum-coated flasks. The high viability and highly purified acmacrophages can be obtained,There are no apparent differences in basic biological activity between isolated and original macrophages. No soimulus is used in our method

Objective: To investigate the effects of exenatide on body weight, blood glucose, blood lipids and proteinuria in obese and overweight young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes to provide reference for better controlling the macro-vascular and micro-vascular complications in the patients.Methods: Totally 60 obese and overweight young and middle-aged patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes were chosen and randomly divided into exenatide group and novolin N group with 30 ones in each.The patients maintained the previous oral hypoglycemic drugs, and exenatide group was treated with exenatide, Novolin N group was treated with protamine biosynthetie human insulin(NovolinN), and the treatment course was 3 months.The body weight, BMI, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), fasting C-peptide (FCP), 2-hour postprandial C-peptide (2hCP), blood lipids, plasma homocysteine (HCY) and urine microalbumin (UMA) were compared before and after the treatment.Results: After 3 month treatment,the FPG,zhpG and HbAlc were significantly decreased both in exenatide group and NwoCinN group(P<0.05),and were no significant differences.were found in these parameters between the two groups(P>0.05).In exenatide group, the levels of FCP and 2hCP were higher than those before the treatment (P<0.05), and the body weight, BMI, TG and UMA were significantly lower than those before the treatment (P<0.05).However, in Novolin N group, all the above-mentioned indices were not significantly changed after the treatment (P>0.05).Conclusion: Exenatide can effectively control blood glucose, improve β-cell function, reduce body weight, lower blood lipids and decrease urine protein.

To identify the gene differentially expressed in female Anopheles anthropophagus and to analyze its gene sequence, this gene amplified by PCR was identified by real-time PCR and its cDNA was then amplified with rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology. It was found that the expression ratio of the female differentially expressed gene in female and male mosquitoes was 267.49 according to the formula F=2~(-⊿⊿CT).The size of mRNA of the gene was 364 bp, and the amino acid sequence deduced from the open reading frame (ORF) was found to be similar to the sequence of tectin protein of Culex quinquefasciatus and proteins of other species. The mRNA sequence of this gene was submitted to NCBI with a accession number of FJ907236. This gene may provide a foundation for further studies on the biological functions of mosquitoes.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of different adding times,treatment courses and doses of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria in Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication.Methods A total of 280 patients Hp-infected were enrolled and randomly assigned to five groups.Group A received lansoprazole 30 mg,clarithromycin 500 mg and amoxicillin 1,000 mg bid for 14 days;group B received bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria 2,000 mg tid for 14 days followed by regimen of group A for another 14 days;group C1 received regimen of group A with addition of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria 2,000 mg bid for 14 days;group C2:regimen of group A with addition of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple livc bacteria 2,000 mg tid for 14 days;and group D received regimen of group C2 followed by bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria 2,000 mg tid for another 14 days.4 weeks after end of treatment,Hp eradication was assessed by 13C-urea breath test.Adverse effects during the courses of treatment were recorded.Results A total of 252 (90.0％) patients completed the treatment.The completion rate in group A,B,C1,C2,and D were 78.6％ (44/56),92.9％ (52/56),87.5％ (49/56),96.4％ (54/56),and 94.6％ (53/56) respectively;the completion rate was significantly higher in group B,C2 and D than in group A (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no differences among groups B,C2 and D (P ＞ 0.05).According to intention-to-trcat (ITT) analysis,the eradication rate was 62.5％,80.4％,69.6％,85.7％,and 87.5％ in groups A,B,C1,C2,and D respectively.The eradication rate in groups B,C2 and D was significantly higher than that in group A (x2 =4.375,P =0.036;x2 =7.864,P =0.005;x2 =9.333,P =0.002),and the eradication rate was higher in group C2 than in group C1 (x2 =4.171,P =0.041),but there were no differences among groups B,C2 and D (P ＞0.05).As for per-protocol (PP) analysis,the eradication rate was 79.5％,86.5％,79.6％,88.9％ and 92.5％ in groups A,B,C1,C2,and D respectively,but no significant statistical differences were found among the five groups (P ＞ 0.05).Adverse effects included nausea,bloating,taste distortion,anorexia and constipation.The rate of adverse effects in groups A,B,C1,C2 and D was 67.9％ (38/56),26.8％ (15/56),35.7％ (20/56),21.4％ (12/56),and 17.9％ (10/56) respectively.The incidence rate was significantly lower in groups B,C2 and D than in group A (P ＜ 0.05),but no significant statistical differences were found among groups B,C2,and D (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The triple therapy combined with bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria can obviously decrease the adverse effects and improve patient compliance,thereby increasing the rate of Hp eradication.14-day therapy with probiotics is the best regimen.

Objective To develop an information gathering soft-ware platform for spleen system inquiry of TCM, and to discuss the practicability and feasibility of applying computer technology to standardizing management of TCM inquiry data. Methods Based on the TCM Spleen System Inquiry Scale, combined with clinical practice of TCM diagnosis and treatment, an inquiry information gathering soft-ware platform for TCM spleen system was designed. The platform was interfaced with B/S structure, and in the use of computer programming languages, the platform possessed the good functions of data collection, storage, query, export and print, etc. In addition to this, by calling the correct algorithm, it contents users with analysis and statistics on the target data set. Results The platform designed has been initially equipped with the functions of collecting, storing, inquiry, deleting, modifying, exporting and printing the inquiry-based four diagnostic data for TCM spleen system diseases. And to some extent, it also achieves standardization and objectification of the collection of TCM Spleen System Inquiry Scale. Conclusion It is practicable and feasible to applying computer technology into standardizing management of TCM inquiry informations. Besides, it could act as the direction for the research of TCM four diagnostic data in the future.

This study is to investigate the effect of osthol on osteoclasts' activity, bone resorption as well as apoptosis in vitro, and explore the mechanism of osthol in preventing osteoporosis. Osteoclasts were separated from long-limb bones of new born rabbits, cultured in 24-well plate with glass slices and bone slices, and treated by 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. Osteoclasts were identified by observing live cells with phase contrast microscope, HE staining, TRAP staining and toluidine blue staining of bone resorption pits. The numbers of bone resorption pits were counted as well as the surface area of bone resorption on bone slice. Osteoclasts were stained with acridine orange to detect the cell apoptosis. The ratio of apoptotic osteoclasts was observed under fluorescence microscope. The gene expression of RANKL, OPG, TRAP and p-JNK1/2 protein expression were examined using real time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Comparing with the control group without osthol, the rates of apoptotic osteoclasts increased obviously and the number and area of bone resorption pits decreased evidently with 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. There is significant difference between control group and experiment group treated by 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. Therefore, the osthol through RANK+RANKL/TRAF6/Mkk/JNK signal pathway inhibits the osteoclasts activity, enhances osteoclasts apoptotic and inhibits the bone resorption.

Objective: To investigate the effect of exenatide on body weight, blood glucose, blood lipids, insulin resistance and the degree of fatty liver in young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Meth-ods: Totally 70 young and middle-aged patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and NAFLD were chosen and randomly divided into observation group and the control group with 35 cases in each group. The patients were treated with exenatide or isophane prota-mine biosynthetic human insulin injection for 3 months on the basis of original oral hypoglycemic drugs. The body weight, BMI, waist circumference, HOMA-IR, plasma glucose (FPG), 2 hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), blood lipids, liver function indices (ALT, AST and GGT), and the severity of fatty liver were compared before and after the treatment. Re-sults: After the 3-month treatment, there was no significant difference in glycemic control between observation group and the control group. After treatment, the body weight, BMI, waist circumference, HOMA-IR, TG, ALT, AST and GGT in observation were signifi-cantly decreased than those before the treatment(P<0. 05), and were superion to those in control group(P<0. 05). While in the control group, all the above indices were not significantly changed before and after the treatment (P>0. 05). The total efficiency for treating NAFLD in observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Besides reducing blood glucose effectively, exenatide can also obviously reduce body weight and TG level, improve insulin resistance, decrease liver en-zymes, and significantly ameliorate the degree of fatty liver. The results suggested that exenatide might be a new therapeutic option for young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Resection of the diseased segment and suture of the victim segment is recommended for enteroenteric fistula in Crohn's disease (CD). The main difficulty in this procedure remains reliable diagnosis of the victim segment, especially for fistulas found intraoperatively and inaccessible on endoscopic examination. We aimed to explore whether intraoperative inspection alone is reliable. METHODS: Patients undergoing conservative surgery between 2011 and 2016 for enteroenteric fistulas complicating CD were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Patients were divided according to whether the victim segment was evaluated by preoperative endoscopy + intraoperative inspection (PI group) or by intraoperative inspection alone (I group). Outcomes were compared. RESULTS: Of 65 patients eligible for the study, 37 were in in the PI group and 28 were in the I group. The baseline characteristics were similar between the groups, except for the rate of emergency surgery (0/37 in PI group vs. 5/28 in I group, P=0.012). Fistulas involved more small intestines (4/37 in PI group vs. 15/28 in I group, P < 0.001) and fewer sigmoid colons (17/37 in PI group vs. 4/28 in I group, P=0.008) in I group due to accessibility with endoscopy. No difference was found in postoperative complications, stoma rates, postoperative recurrence, or disease at the repair site between the 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: For fistulas found intraoperatively and inaccessible on endoscopic examination, intraoperative inspection was a reliable guide when choosing between en bloc resection and a conservative procedure.
Colon, Sigmoid ; Crohn Disease* ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Endoscopy ; Fistula* ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Postoperative Complications ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Sutures

Objective: To investigate the effect of gross total resection on the local control and survival of patients with stage IV neuroblastoma (NB) and analyze the extent of surgical resection of primary tumors that affects patient survival. Methods: A total of 96 patients with stage Ⅳ NB who were admitted to the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center between January 2000 and December 2011 were analyzed. The patients were treated with combined-modality therapy, including chemotherapy, surgery, and/or radiotherapy. The patients were divided according to the extent of surgical resection of primary tumor into the following groups: group A, biopsy or tumor removal of less than 50% of the primary lesion; group B, incomplete resection of more than 50% but less than 90% of the lesion; group C, removal of more than 90% of the lesion; and group D, complete resection with or without macroscopic residual tumors. The survival rates of each group were analyzed. Results: The median age of the 96 patients was 4.4 years, ranging from 1.2-18.8 years. The overall 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the total patients were 32.8% and 36.7%, respectively. A total of 24 cases were assigned in group A, 10 in group B, 23 in group C, and 39 in group D. Subgroup analysis revealed that the 3-year PFS rate was 17.5% for group A, 20.0% for group B, 45.1% for group C, and 40.5% for group D. The PFS rates were not statistically significant-ly different between groups A and B (P=0.352) and between groups C and D (P = 0.792). However, the OS was higher in groups C and D than that in groups A and B. The 3-year PFS rates were 42.2% and 17.8% for groups C and D (P<0.001), respectively. Conclu-sion: Resection extension of more than 90% of the primary tumor combined with chemotherapy and (or) radiation therapy can improve the survival of patients with stage Ⅳ NB. However, this treatment modality does not affect the treatment outcomes for minimal gross tu-mor residuals.