0.05).The acute toxicity was more severe in the no-response group and response-LCAF group than in the response-CF group.Conclusion:LCAF did not improve the local control rate and survival rate on grades Ⅰ&Ⅱ esophageal carcinoma when 40Gy had been given by CF.Grades Ⅲ&Ⅳ esophageal carcinoma will get benefit from LCAF.

ObjectiveTo investigate the psychology of the children with lip and palate cleft and their social environment.Methods700 patients with lip and palate cleft of 0～24 years old were investigated to the harmonization with their parents and their social environment using questionnaire, so as their psychology using Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) in the follow-up after operation.ResultsThe score of SCL-90 was higher in the patients above 6 in some dimension compared with the normal. Their parents seemed to exclude them, and they felt uncomfortable to the others around them.ConclusionThere were a lot of problem of the psychology in patients with lip and palate cleft above 6, and they get poor support from their social environment.

Objective: To observe the tolerability of Chinese melanoma patients to four-week high-dose interferon alfa-2b(INTRON A(R)，Schering-Plough)therapy. Methods:A total of 29 patients with high risk melanoma[American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging(AJCC)ⅡB-ⅢC]who received adjuvant interferon therapy in our hospital between September 2007 and May 2009 were retrospectively reviewed.Patients received 4 hours of intravenous infusion of interferon alfa-2b fdose range，22.00 million international unit(MIU)to 33.75 MIU]Ⅳ 5 days/week for 4 weeks.The adverse events were evaluated with National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria(NCI 2.0 version). Results: The average daily dose was 17.63 MIU/(m~2·d).The therapy was ended in two patients because of poor wound healing or intolerability to severe fatigue.The most common adverse events were myelosuppression.Grade 3/4 neutropenia was observed in 69% (20/29)patients and was rapidly reversed after conventional support interventions.Grade 1/2 abnormal hepatic function occurred in 18 cases(62%).Twenty-six patients were followed up for 3 to 22 months.Five patients developed early progression:one with local recurrence，two with regional lymph node metastasis one with in-transit metastasis in the affected limb,and one with distant metastasis. Conclusion: High-dose interferon alfa-2b regimen can be well tolerated by Chinese patients but cannot effectively inhibit subclinical lesions.

This study is to investigate the effect of osthol on osteoclasts' activity, bone resorption as well as apoptosis in vitro, and explore the mechanism of osthol in preventing osteoporosis. Osteoclasts were separated from long-limb bones of new born rabbits, cultured in 24-well plate with glass slices and bone slices, and treated by 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. Osteoclasts were identified by observing live cells with phase contrast microscope, HE staining, TRAP staining and toluidine blue staining of bone resorption pits. The numbers of bone resorption pits were counted as well as the surface area of bone resorption on bone slice. Osteoclasts were stained with acridine orange to detect the cell apoptosis. The ratio of apoptotic osteoclasts was observed under fluorescence microscope. The gene expression of RANKL, OPG, TRAP and p-JNK1/2 protein expression were examined using real time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Comparing with the control group without osthol, the rates of apoptotic osteoclasts increased obviously and the number and area of bone resorption pits decreased evidently with 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. There is significant difference between control group and experiment group treated by 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. Therefore, the osthol through RANK+RANKL/TRAF6/Mkk/JNK signal pathway inhibits the osteoclasts activity, enhances osteoclasts apoptotic and inhibits the bone resorption.

The inhibitory ratio (1%) of artificial musk on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The dose-effect relationship between concentrations of artificial musk and 1% was established. It was found that artificial musk had obvious inhibitory action on COX-2. The concentration for 50% of maximum inhibitory effect (IC50) was about 2.26 mg x mL(-1). There was a good relationship between the logarithm concentrations of artificial musk and 1% when the concentrations of artificial musk ranged from 0.31-20.0 mg x mL(-1). The results indicated that this EIA method could be applied to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of artificial musk quickly, conveniently, sensitively and exactly. This paper provided a novel method and foundational research for the bioassay of artificial musk.

Objective:To examine the oncogenic mutations involved in melanoma in Southern China and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of melanoma molecular targeted therapy strategy. Methods:The Sequenom platform (OncoCarta Panel v1.0 and MassARRAY System) was used to determine the prevalence of oncogene mutations in 28 acral melanoma samples, 28 mucosal mel-anoma samples, and 30 non-chronic sun-induced-damage (no-CSD) melanoma samples from Southern China. Results:At least one mu-tation was detected in 33 of the 86 melanomas (38.4%) with mutations observed in BRAF (16.3%), NRAS (10.5%), KIT (5.8%), EGFR (4.7%), HRAS (2.3%), KRAS (2.3%), MET (2.3%), and PIK3CA (1.2%). In BRAF, the age of patients with mutations was significantly lower than those without BRAF mutation (45.7±15.3 vs. 55.9±12.7, P=0.01). Patients with mutations in NRAS were more likely to have ulceration compared with patients without NRAS mutations (88.9%vs. 48.1%, P=0.049). Conclusions:This study represents a compre-hensive and concurrent analysis of the major recurrent oncogenic mutations involved in melanoma cases from Southern China areas. The data have implications for both clinical trial designs and therapeutic strategies.

The changes in biomechanics of rat thoracic aorta at different post mortem interval (PMI) (0-7 d) were observed when it was stretched in one direction. Some significant changes were disclosed by statistical analyses. Maximum stretch, maximum strain and maximum energy showed a significant relationship with PMI, the coefficients of determination being 0.822, 0.716 and 0.669 respectively, P < 0.001. The stretch experiment of thoracic aorta may be a novel method to determine PMI.
Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; pathology ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Male ; Postmortem Changes ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Mechanical ; Time Factors

In this study, we explored the rationality of processing methods and mechanism of Aconiti Lateralis Radix (Fuzi) through comparing the chemical contents of diester alkaloids (DAs) and monoester alkaloids (MAs) in the raw material of Fuzi and its processed products. The results showed that the toxicity potency of MAs is at least lower than 1/64 to 1/180 of the toxicity potency of DAs. The contents of DAs in processed Fuzi decreased to 1/76.5 to 1/38.3 of the value of raw Fuzi. The contents of MAs in processed Fuzi significantly increased by 4.6 to 5.2 fold or basically the same as that of the raw Fuzi. The values of MAs/DAs of processed Fuzi were enhanced by 30 to 390 fold of the raw Fuzi. It was found that the contents of DAs were insignificantly different between "Wu dan fu pian" (steaming or stir-frying without Danba) and "Dan fu pian" (steaming or stir-frying with Danba). The result suggested that the abilities of "eliminating toxicity" of different processing methods were equivalent at all. In contrast, the contents of MAs contained in "Wu dan fu pian" were of 5.3 to 8.7 fold higher than the values in "Dan fu pian". This result suggested the processing method by steaming or stir-frying without Danba might have better effect for "conserving property" than the method processed with Danba stipulated by China Pharmacopoeia. We believe that the new processing method without Danba can be recommended in further application due to it offers a simple procedure and it will not introduce inorganic impurities in the products.

OBJECTIVETo explore the immune response of silicotic rats to sheep red blood cells(SRBC).

METHODSSilicotic rats were immunized with SRBC by tracheal instillation(Group 1) or intraperitoneal injection (Group 2), and non-silicotic rats were immunized by tracheal instillation as normal control(Group 3). The levels of serum hemolytic index(HC50) were measured on 7, 12, 20, 25, and 32 days after primary immunization and 5, 12, 15 days after the second immunization. Special anti-SRBC IgG was measured with ELISA(A490 nm) on 12, 20, 25, 32 days and 5, 12, 15, 27 days respectively. Delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH) to SRBC was measured 20 days after second immunization and DTH reaction was determined at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after administration. Total cell count and cell populations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), lung associated lymph node(LALN) and spleen weight, special IgG secreted from spleen cells were measured at the end of the experiment.

RESULTSThe HC50 of Group 1(47.4 +/- 1.0, 52.2 +/- 4.6, 31.1 +/- 11.9, 43.8 +/- 3.5, 33.6 +/- 16.8, 49.0 +/- 2.3, 92.9 +/- 20.2, 87.7 +/- 5.2) were statistically higher than those of Group 3(40.4 +/- 10.6, 2.8 +/- 2.5, 0.8 +/- 0.6, 6.6 +/- 5.8, 1.4 +/- 0.1, 36.5 +/- 16.5, 53.0 +/- 33.2, 2.6 +/- 2.2). The special anti-SRBC IgG response in Group 1(1.67 +/- 0.19, 1.98 +/- 0.36, 1.12 +/- 0.50, 1.38 +/- 0.30, 2.75 +/- 0.15, 2.60 +/- 0.28, 2.86 +/- 0.10, 2.50 +/- 0.20) were much stronger than those in Group 3 (0.59 +/- 0.30, 0.56 +/- 0.21, 0.21 +/- 0.16, 0.22 +/- 0.01, 0.81 +/- 0.25, 0.74 +/- 0.25, 0.69 +/- 0.26, 1.38 +/- 0.41). Furthermore, the results of DTH showed positive response and the ratios for diameter of skin rash > 5 mm at 24, 48, 72, 96 h were 16/16, 16/16, 16/16, 15/16 respectively in Group 1, while those in Group 3 were 8/15, 1/15, 1/15, 1/15 respectively. Total cell count in the BALF, LALN and spleen weight, and special IgG secreted from spleen cells in Group 1 were higher too. Group 2 expressed almost of the same but with mild immunologic responses as Group 1.

CONCLUSIONSilicosis-induced extremely strong DTH and over-response of humoral immunity to some antigens may contribute to the likelihood of silicosis complicated with tuberculosis.

Animals ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; etiology ; Immunization ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Rats ; Sheep ; Silicosis ; immunology