The development of large-scale hospital depends on its comprehensive strength,and the scientific research is especially important of it.However.the potential of the scientific research is dependent on the discipline construction and personnel training.Selecting the outstanding person at home and abroad is the most important aspect of the scientific research field.Therefore,the system for cultivating and selecting talents must be established and perfected.

Abstract: Cell death is a fundamental biological phenomenon that is essential for the survival and development of organisms. Cell death can be either a spontaneous programmed process by the host or an accidentally triggered process. According to the different signaling pathway activated by various stimulates, programmed cell death exhibits the lytic or non-lytic morphology. For example, apoptosis, a typical non-lytic form of cell death, exhibits cell shrinkage and induces the formation of apoptotic bodies. Pyroptosis mediated by cysteine-containing aspartate-specific protease-1/11 (caspase-1/11) and necroptosis can induce inflammatory reactions and promote cell lysis to release inflammatory cytokines via triggering the pore-forming mechanism of the cell membrane, representing a typical modes of lytic cell death. In addition, the release of reactive oxygen species caused by the damaged mitochondria may further trigger ferroptosis during the pathogen infection. Programmed cell death can play an immune defensive role by eliminating infected cells and intracellular pathogens and stimulating the innate immune response through the resulting cell corpses. Here, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of five programmed cell death pathways: apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis and PANoptosis. We describe their roles in the innate immune defense against bacterial infections and give a brief statement of the interactions between the different programmed cell death, hoping to provide new insights for in-depth study of the pathogenic mechanisms of infectious diseases.

Objective:To examine the oncogenic mutations involved in melanoma in Southern China and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of melanoma molecular targeted therapy strategy. Methods:The Sequenom platform (OncoCarta Panel v1.0 and MassARRAY System) was used to determine the prevalence of oncogene mutations in 28 acral melanoma samples, 28 mucosal mel-anoma samples, and 30 non-chronic sun-induced-damage (no-CSD) melanoma samples from Southern China. Results:At least one mu-tation was detected in 33 of the 86 melanomas (38.4%) with mutations observed in BRAF (16.3%), NRAS (10.5%), KIT (5.8%), EGFR (4.7%), HRAS (2.3%), KRAS (2.3%), MET (2.3%), and PIK3CA (1.2%). In BRAF, the age of patients with mutations was significantly lower than those without BRAF mutation (45.7±15.3 vs. 55.9±12.7, P=0.01). Patients with mutations in NRAS were more likely to have ulceration compared with patients without NRAS mutations (88.9%vs. 48.1%, P=0.049). Conclusions:This study represents a compre-hensive and concurrent analysis of the major recurrent oncogenic mutations involved in melanoma cases from Southern China areas. The data have implications for both clinical trial designs and therapeutic strategies.

Objective To examine the expression of CD9 protein in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent tissues,and to analyze its relation with the progress and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.Methods From September 2005 to December 2009,surgical resected cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of 90 patients with pancreatic cancer and their clinical data were collected.The expression of CD9 protein in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry,and its relationship with clinicopathological features was analyzed.Chi-square test was performed for comparison of ratios between groups.Overall survival (OS) analysis of 90 patients after surgery was performed.Results The high expression rate of CD9 protein (64.4％,58/90) in cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in cancer adjacent tissue (45.6％,41/90),the difference has statistically significant (χ2 =6.847,P＜0.05).CD9 protein was highly expressed in most of pancreatic cancer tissue which was well differentiated or without lymph node metastasis (74.6％ (50/67) vs 39.1％ (9/23),χz =9.554,P＜0.01; 50.0％(17/34) vs 73.2％(41/56),χ2 =5.856,P＜0.05 respectively).However,the expression of CD9 was not correlated with gender and age (both P＞0.05).OS and progression-free survival (PFS) of the patients with CD9 highly expressed were significantly longer than those with low expression of CD9 (median OS:33.0 months vs 7.0 months,χ2 =15.400 P＜0.01.Median PFS:30.5 months vs 5.0 months,χ2 =13.750,P＜0.01).Conclusion CD9 protein is a kind of protein related with the invasive ability of pancreatic cancer,which may play a role in progression and metastasis of pancreatic cancer and can help to determine the prognosis to a certain extent.

High mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved DNA binding protein, which is found in the nucleus of a variety of cells in the body, regulating the transcription of cell genes.It plays a role of nuclear binding protein in physiological state.Once released into the cell gap, it performances the role of inflammatory mediators.Recent studies showed that pathogenesis of HMGB1 not only involved in sepsis, autoimmune diseases, chronic liver disease, malignant tumor, but also involved in cell injury repair,which plays important role in a variety of diseases, organ damage, repair process.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients received different reperfusion therapies. Methods The 238 consecutive STEMI patients were enrolled from February 2012 to December 2012. According to the current guideline of PCI and the choice of patients, the patients were divided into the groups of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), ifbrinolysis, and conservative medication. The major adverse cardiac events (MACE) was analyzed in a follow up of 6 months. Results (1) The enrolled patients included the 210 patients received PCI (88.2%), 14 patients received fibrinolysis (5.9%) and 14 patients received conservative medication (5.9%).The Median time of D2B was 110minutes.(2) The rate of late stent thrombosis was signiifcant higher in BMS than DES (n=2, 2.8%vs 0, P < 0.05) . (3) The PCI group had a signiifcantly higher incidence of stroke than the ifbrinolysis group and the conservative medication group (1.0%vs 0, P < 0.05;1.0%vs 0, P<0.05). (4) The PCI group had a signiifcantly higher incidence of bleeding compared to the thrombolysis group and the medication group (1.0% vs 0, P < 0.05; 1.0% vs 0%, P < 0.05). Conclusions The majority of STEMI patients received PCI;The D2B time, which was required<90 minutes in guideline of PCI, was found delayed in our study;Compared to ifbrinolysis and conservative medication, PCI showed better clinical outcomes of STEMI patients.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in middle-aged and older adult population in Shanghai Pudong New District.Methods Two thousand residents aged 45 years and above were randomly selected for questionnaire survey and health check-up in Shanghai Pudong New District from July 2006 to October 2010.The laboratory examinations were also performed including the urine routine,urinary protein to creatinine ratio,serum creatinine,blood glucose and lipids.The glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated by simplified Chinese MDRD (modification of Diet in Renal Disease) equation.SPSS 13.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis.Results Among 1905 residents who completed survey and examinations,the adjusted prevalence of albuminuria was 12.0％ (95％ CI:0.105-0.135) and of eGFR less than 60 ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 was 1.9％ (95 ％ CI: 0.172-0.213).The prevalence of CKD was 12.6％ (95 ％ CI: 0.112-0.142).Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR =1.043),hypertension (OR =2.272),diabetes mellitus (OR =1.233)and hyperuricemia (OR =1.003)were independently associated with CKD.Conclusions The prevalence of CKD in adult residents (≥45 years) from Shanghai Pudong New District is high.It is necessary to carry out early screening and to intervene risk factors of CKD in middle-aged and older residents.

ObjectiveTo investigated the effect of post-operative primary site radiotherapy on stage Ⅳ neuroblastoma.Methods From Jan 2003 to Dem 2010,47 newly diagnosed stage Ⅳ neuroblastoma treated in Sun Yet-sen university cancer center.The treatment protocol for these patients were induction chemotherapy 4- 12 cycles,followed by surgery if possible,then 4-6 cycles consolidation chemotherapy and/or primary site radiotherapy and maintenance immunotherapy.The median age was 4 years old,the median induction chemotherapy cycles was 5.37 patients received resection of the primary tumor (total resection and nearly gross resection).24 out of 37 received primary site radiotherapy.ResultsThe followup rate was 89％.34 cases were followed up more than 36 months.For patients with or without postoperative primary site radiotherapy,the local recurrence rate were 13％ ( 3/24 ) and 54％ ( 7/13 ),respectively ( P =0.016),the 3-year local control rate were 84％ and 47％,respectively ( χ2 =7.95,P =0.005 ).The 3-year overall survival rate were 56％ and 28％,respectively ( χ2 =5.44,P =0.020 ). There was no severe radiation side effect. Conclusions This study indicated that postoperative primary site after induction chemotherapy and surgery could reduce the local recurrence rate and possibly improve the overall survival rate of stage Ⅳ neuroblastoma.

In this study, we explored the rationality of processing methods and mechanism of Aconiti Lateralis Radix (Fuzi) through comparing the chemical contents of diester alkaloids (DAs) and monoester alkaloids (MAs) in the raw material of Fuzi and its processed products. The results showed that the toxicity potency of MAs is at least lower than 1/64 to 1/180 of the toxicity potency of DAs. The contents of DAs in processed Fuzi decreased to 1/76.5 to 1/38.3 of the value of raw Fuzi. The contents of MAs in processed Fuzi significantly increased by 4.6 to 5.2 fold or basically the same as that of the raw Fuzi. The values of MAs/DAs of processed Fuzi were enhanced by 30 to 390 fold of the raw Fuzi. It was found that the contents of DAs were insignificantly different between "Wu dan fu pian" (steaming or stir-frying without Danba) and "Dan fu pian" (steaming or stir-frying with Danba). The result suggested that the abilities of "eliminating toxicity" of different processing methods were equivalent at all. In contrast, the contents of MAs contained in "Wu dan fu pian" were of 5.3 to 8.7 fold higher than the values in "Dan fu pian". This result suggested the processing method by steaming or stir-frying without Danba might have better effect for "conserving property" than the method processed with Danba stipulated by China Pharmacopoeia. We believe that the new processing method without Danba can be recommended in further application due to it offers a simple procedure and it will not introduce inorganic impurities in the products.