Objective: To investigate the effects of the exogenous testosterone propionate on apoptosis of rat germ cells and the mechanisms thereof. Methods: Thirty 35-day-old male SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group and the control group. The rats in experimental group were injected (i.m.) testosterone propionate and the control group with an equal volume of saline. By using terminal deoxynueleotidy transferase nediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), flow cytometry (FCM), radioimmunoassay (RIA) and electron microscopy, the quantity and quality of apoptosis of germ cells were evaluated. Results:(1) Compared with the control, the apoptotic number of rat germ cells was increased in the experimental group, especially the primary spermatocyte. The apoptotie rate was 11.3% detected by FCM in experimental group,while 3.6% in the control group (P ＜ 0.01). (2) The percentages of 1C were 21.8% in experimental group and 33.8% in control group (P ＜ 0.01).The percentages of 2C were 52.6% in experimental group and 37.1% in control group (P ＜ 0.01). (3) The serum levels of testosterone were (3 486.8±333.3) ng/L in experimental group and (846.9±167.5) ng/L in control group (P ＜ 0.01). The serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were (2.5±0.8) IU/L in experimental group and (5.2±1.7) IU/L in control group (P ＜0.01). Conclusion: The exogenous testosterone propionate might induce apoptosis of germ cells by retroinhibition of the hypothalamie-pituitary-gonadal axis, thus having contraceptive effects.

Objective To detect and analyse the mutations in rhodopsin gene of members in a family affected by autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP). Methods Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we amplified exon 1-5 of rhodopsin gene in patients with ADRP,and analyzed it with direct sequence measuement. Results The Gly-182-Asp mutation in the rhodopsin gene was detected in most of affected members of this ADRP family, but no mutation was detected in two affected members and the control ones. Conclusion We cannot regard the Gly-182-Asp mutation in the rhodopsin gene as the pathagenic factor of the ADRP family. It is likely there is a new gene next to the rhodopsin gene.

Objective To investigate prenatal diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis in fetuses with fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ PCR) technique Methods Of the 70 pregnant women with toxoplasma(TOX) DNA positive , TOX DNA in amniotic fluid and/or fetal umbilical cord blood was detected with FQ PCR technique to diagnose fetal infection 48 ones were given routine treatment with spiramycin for 2 therapy periods Ultrasound examination were undertaken in all of pregnant women to monitor fetal growth Results Of the 70 cases with TOX DNA positive, TOX DNA was detected in 21 fetuses TOX DNA positive rates were similar in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood The higher the TOX DNA, the higher fetal infectious rate Fetal infectious rate was lower in treatment group(21%) than that in control group (50%), there was a statistically difference between two groups Conclusions Maternal TOX infection may cause fetal damage Detection of TOX DNA in amniotic fluid with FQ PCR technique can diagnose fetal toxoplasmosis exactly Treatment in pregnant period may decrease intrauterine infection rate

Objective:To localize the gene of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa(ADRP) in a family. Methods: A large ADRP family was studied and 3 5 ml of venous blood from some family members was collected, and genomic DNA was extracted from the blood. Then two point linkage analysis between the known markers and the disease locus was performed. Results: Linkage analysis showed the maximum LOD score reached 2.732852 at marker D3S1292 (at recombination fraction ?=0.1). Conclusion: The gene responsible for ADRP is located in 3q21 eara.

Objective To investigate the relationship of RhoA and Snail expressions, and the invasion and metastasis in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). Methods The expressions of RhoA protein and Snail protein in 55 samples of SACC (SACC group ) and 20 samples of para-carcinoma normal tissues(control group) were detected using immunohisto?chemical method. The relationship between RhoA protein and Snail protein expressions and clinical and pathological charac?teristics were analyzed. Results The positive expressions of RhoA protein (69.1% vs 5.0%) and Snail protein (72.7% vs 10.0%) were significantly higher in SACC group than those in control group (P < 0.05). The positive expression rates of RhoA protein and Snail protein were significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than those in patients with?out lymph node metastasis. The positive expression rates of RhoA protein and Snail protein were significantly higher in pa?tients atⅢ+Ⅳstage than those in patients atⅠ+Ⅱstage. The positive expression rates of RhoA protein and Snail protein were significantly higher in substantive carcinal tissues than those in screen roller type and tubular carcinal tissues. The posi?tive expression of Snail protein was significantly higher in substantive and tubular carcinal tissues than that in screen roller type carcinal tissues (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in positive expression rates of RhoA and Snail between different gender, age and different carcinal tissues. There was a positive correlation beween expression rates of RhoA and Snail protein in SACC (r=0.414, P<0.001). Conclusion RhoA and Snail may both facilitate the infiltration and metastasis of SACC through RhoA/ROCK/PKD1/NF-kappa B/Snail signaling pathways.

As a frontier branches of science,a significant progress in orbital diseases has been achieved in the last several years.In view of the existing problems in current teaching mode for experts in orbital diseases and their characteristics,a series of initiatives for researching a new mode have been taken,and some achievements have been made.

Objective To explore the possibility of breast feeding in chronic asymptomatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers after immuno prophylaxis of the infants. Methods The infants with asymptomatic HBV carriers mothers were selected by the obstetric department of Qilu Hospital of Shangdong University, Jinan Maternity and Infant Health Institute of Shangdong from Sept 2001 to Oct 2003 prospectively. Umbilical blood HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (HBV DNA) was detected at birth. All infants received 200 IU HBV specific immunoglobin(HBIG)within 12 hours and on 14 days after birth. The hepatitis B recombinant vaccine was given within 24 hours after birth and at 1 and 6 months of age. The way of feeding was chosen by the mothers as they liked. There were 55 infants in breast feeding group and 36 in bottle feeding group. Infants were then followed up at 7 and 12 months of age and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti HBs), hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg), hepatitis B e antibody(anti HBe) and hepatitis B core antibody(anti HBc) and HBV DNA. Uninfected infants with negative anti HBs were given repeated dose of vaccinations. Results At 7 and 12 months of age, the positive rates of HBV DNA were 9.09%(5/55)and 9.09%(5/55), anti HBs were 85.45%(47/55)and 90.90%(50/55)in breast feeding group respectively;while the positive rates of HBV DNA were 8.33%(3/36)and 8.33%(3/36), anti HBs were 86.11%(31/36)and 91.67%(33/36)in bottle feeding group respectively. No significant differences was shown in positive rates of HBV DNA and anti HBs between these two groups. Conclusions With appropriate immunoprophylaxis, including hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine, HBV carriers can breast feed their babies.

Objective To evaluate the changes of physical activity status of residents in Beijing Yayuncun(Asian Games Village)Community.Methods A total of 1765 permanent residents over 15 from 600 families living in Yayuncun Communities since 2000 were selected in this prospective study.Thebaseline survey was carried out with the Questionnaire for Residents of Beijing Typical Community in 2004 and 2005.From 2006 to 2008,same questionnaire was used for the follow-up survey,and 1412 residents were responded to the questionnaire.Results The knowledge levels related to physical exercise of Yayuncun residents elevated(P＜0.01).The source of knowledge gain from Olympics Games promotion,specialized community lectures and intemet increase significantly(P＜0.01),that from other media decreased(P＜0.01).The exercise rate in community was higher than in other sites(P＜0.01)and increased significantly (P＜0.05);while doing exercise in charged sites decreased(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that regular physical exercise was related to age,BMI,exercise-related knowledge,exercise sites,attitude for sport facilities and chronological order.Conclusion During the preparation for the Beijing Olympic Games.the status of physical exercise of residents in Yayuncun Community presented the positive trends.

A baseline survey on health knowledge was conducted in Yayuncun (Asian Games Village) Community in 2004 and 2005 respectively. A sample consisting of 1765 residents aged 15 and above from 600 households, who had lived in the community at least 5 years, was randomly taken; the "Beijing Typical Community Resident Questionnaire" was used for survey and the participants were followedup annually from 2006 to 2008. The results showed that the awareness rate of food nutrition and disease prevention increased year by year; however, the participants with educational level lower than junior middle school had the lowest rate of overall health knowledge. The main channels for local residents to acquire health knowledge were activities, lectures and other programs with the title of the Olympic Games; the educational level and the year of survey were independent affecting factors on overall health knowledge among residents.

Objective:To summarize the diagnosis features of the prenatal genetic diagnosis of fetal renal cystic disease and to explore the clinical feasibility and significance of prenatal genetic diagnosis of congenital cystic nephrosis.Methods:A total of 25 fetuses with congenital renal cystic disease were examined via invasive prenatal diagnosis in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from June 2017 to September 2019. Amniotic fluid samples were extracted by amniocentesis. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were performed in 17 cases. In addition to CMA, the other 8 cases were analyzed by G-band karyotype. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in 6 cases which got normal results by CMA and karyotype, and highly suspected as hereditary disease.Results:Of the 25 fetuses assessed, 4 cases (16.0%) pathogenic copy number variation (pCNV) were found, including 2 cases of 17q12 deletion, 1 case of 10p15.1p14 deletion and 1 case of 4q21.28q22.1 deletion(including PKD2 gene). There were 8 cases without chromosome abnormality by karyotype analysis. Six clinical WES analysis found NPHS1 gene c.1440+1 G>A and c.925G > T mutations were related to Finnish type congenital nephrotic syndrome in 1 case, PKD1 gene c.6878C>T mutation was related to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in 1 case, and there was no definitive mutation in 4 cases. Conclusions:CMA and next generation sequencing are powerful tools for accurate diagnosis, treatment and genetic counseling of fetal congenital renal cystic diseases. For congenital cystic nephropathy, genetic detection is helpful to clarify the etiology, and provide more exactly informations for prognosis evaluation, treatment and family genetic counseling.