Objective: To investigate the influencing factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among the elderly inpatients of the department of geriatrics, so as to provide the reference for early screening and prevention of MCI in the elderly population. Methods: Inpatients aged 60 years and older and admitted to the Department of Geriatrics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were selected as the study subjects. Demographic information, past medical history, activities of daily living (ADL), depressive symptoms were collected through questionnaire surveys. MCI was diagnosed with Montreal Cognitive Assessment in combination with medical history and physical examination. Factors affecting MCI were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 019 elderly patients were collected, including 472 males (46.32%) and 547 females (53.68%), and had a median age of 73.00 (interquartile range, 14.00) years. Among them, 746 patients had an educational level of junior high school or above, accounting for 73.21%, 446 patients had cerebrovascular disease, accounting for 43.77%, and 220 patients were diagnosed with MCI, with a detection rate of 21.59%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.354, 95%CI: 1.285-1.426), educational level (primary school, OR=0.345, 95%CI: 0.163-0.731; junior high school or above, OR=0.196, 95%CI: 0.096-0.402), ADL (moderate/severe dependence, OR=4.744, 95%CI: 2.044-11.012) and cerebrovascular disease (OR=2.335, 95%CI: 1.482-3.679) were the influencing factors for MCI among geriatric inpatients. Conclusions The MCI of the elderly inpatients of the department of geriatrics is related to age, educational level, ADL and cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, targeted health education and cognitive function training should be provided for elderly patients to prevent MCI.

The principle of human respiratory function test is decleared. The innovative testing parameters is proposed to optimize traditional calculation parameters based on a respiratory function test of one-time max respiratory flow and pressure. The parameters of respiratory function evaluation was preliminarily verified, and we have already got the expected experimental result. The research can be a valuable reference for the following respiratory function test in future.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Respiratory Function Tests

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Xinfeng Capsule (XFC) on pulmonary function and related mechanism in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats.

METHODSThe rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control (NC), model control (MC) groups, methotrexate (MTX), tripterygium glycosides tablet (TPT) and Xinfeng capsule (XFC) treatment groups. The adjuvant-induced arthritis model was established by intracutaneous injection of 0.1 mL Freund ' s complete adjuvant in the right paw of rats; the drugs were given 19 d after model establishment. The toe swelling degree (E), arthritis index (AI), pulmonary function, peripheral blood Treg levels, pathological changes of lung tissue and expression of Foxp3, TGF-β1, Smad3, Smad7 proteins in lung tissue were measured 30 d after drug administration.

RESULTSCompared to NC group, the levels of E, AI, alveolitis score, TGF-β1 and Smad3 were significantly increased (P <0.05 or P <0.01); maximum expiratory flow 25% of vital capacity (FEF25),50% maximal expiratory vital capacity flow (FEF50), maximum expiratory flow at 75% of vital capacity (FEF75), maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMF), force peak expiratory flow (PEF), CD4+ CD25+ Treg, Foxp3 and Smad7 were significantly decreased in MC group (P <0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared to MC group,the expression of E, AI, TGF-β1 and Smad3 were reduced, while FEF50, FEF75, MMF, PEF, Treg, Foxp3 and Smad7 were elevated in XFC group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Compared to XFC group, the level of body mass,FEF25,FEF50, FEF75, MMF and Treg were lower in MTX and TPT groups (P <0.05 or P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONThere are inflamed joints and reduced pulmonary function in rats of adjuvant-induced arthritis. XFC can inhibit paw edema degrees, reduce arthritis response, and improve pulmonary function, which is associated with up-regulating expression of Treg and Foxp3, down-regulating the expression of TGF-β1 and adjusting TGF-β1/Smads signal pathway.

Animals ; Arthritis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Lung ; drug effects ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Smad3 Protein ; metabolism ; Smad7 Protein ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of fibreoptic endoscopic of sallowing （FEES） in the assessment of pharyngeal dysphagia in post-irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Method: Fifty-three NPC patients with post-irradiated underwent FEES and video fluoroscopy（VF）.The results were analyzed using the Bolus Residue Scale and Rosenbek's penetration aspiration scale. Result: The agreement in the detection of penetration and aspiration between FEES and VF of liquid（κ=0.56, 95%CI 0.38-0.73） and porridge（κ=0.64, 95%CI 0.43-0.81） was "fair". The detection rates of penetration on FEES with liquid and porridge were 60% and 51%, the detection rates of aspiration on VF with liquid and porridge were 70% and 53%. There were no statistical differences. The agreement in the detection of pharyngeal residue between FEES and VF of liquid （κ=0.38, 95%CI0.12-0.62） and porridge （κ=0.66, 95%CI 0.44-0.86） was "fair". The detection rates of pharyngeal residue on FEES and VF with porridge were 43% and 45%, the difference was not statistically significant. The detection rates of pharyngeal residue on FEES and VF with liquid were 44% and 24%, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion FEES is an effective and valuable tool for evaluating pharyngeal dysphagia in post-irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of fibreoptic endoscopic of sallowing （FEES） in the assessment of pharyngeal dysphagia in post-irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Fifty-three NPC patients with post-irradiated underwent FEES and video fluoroscopy（VF）.The results were analyzed using the Bolus Residue Scale and Rosenbek's penetration aspiration scale. The agreement in the detection of penetration and aspiration between FEES and VF of liquid（κ=0.56, 95% 0.38-0.73） and porridge（κ=0.64, 95% 0.43-0.81） was "fair". The detection rates of penetration on FEES with liquid and porridge were 60% and 51%, the detection rates of aspiration on VF with liquid and porridge were 70% and 53%. There were no statistical differences. The agreement in the detection of pharyngeal residue between FEES and VF of liquid （κ=0.38, 95%0.12-0.62） and porridge （κ=0.66, 95% 0.44-0.86） was "fair". The detection rates of pharyngeal residue on FEES and VF with porridge were 43% and 45%, the difference was not statistically significant. The detection rates of pharyngeal residue on FEES and VF with liquid were 44% and 24%, and the difference was statistically significant. FEES is an effective and valuable tool for evaluating pharyngeal dysphagia in post-irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.