Objective To analyze the elonal gene rearrangement and complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) Repertoire of TCR β-chain in fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Methods The TCR CDR3 region genes of 24 TCR Vβ subfamilies were amplified by utilizing RT-PCR technology, and the CDR3 size lengths of TCR β-chain were analyzed with genesean technology for 4 healthy individuals and 4 patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The clonality of T cells presumed by spectratyping was further confirmed by CDR3 sequencing. Results TCR β-chain presented specific repertoire skewing in 4 cases with peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and only 1-4 TCR Vβ subfamily T cells were identified, respectively. Clonal expanded T cells, including mono, bioclonal and oligoclonal trend patterns, in one or more Vβ subfamilies were found in all cases. The mono expanded T cells have different CDR3 amino acid sequences. Conclusion Characteristic T cells cloning proliferation and selected usage of TCR Vβ subfamily T cells were found in 4 cases with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The sequences of CDR3 in different TCR clone proliferation are different.

Objective To investigate the etfect of microenvironment simulated by colon carcinoma homogenate supernatant on the differentiation and development of human dendritic ceils (DCs), and to investigate the function of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) during this process . Methods Fresh colon carcinoma and peri-cancer tissues were collected to prepare homogenate supernatant. The pe-ripberal blood mononuclear cells were isolated and cultured with 1640 medium including rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4. Then the colon carcinoma homogenate supernatant, peri--carcinoma homogenate supernatant and VEGF-A were added to the cultures at day 2. Antigen of colon carcinoma cell line SW620 was added at day 4 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was added at day 6. DCs were collected at day 8 for further study. The con-tent of VEGF-A was tested by ELISA. The morphology and the immunopbenotype of DCs were checked by microscope and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression of CDIa was tested by RT-PCR, and the prolif-eration and killing rate of T cell was measured by CCK-8. Results The content of VEGF-A in the homoge-nate supernatant of colon carcinoma was significantly higher than that of the peri-carcinoma (P ＜ 0. 05). Compared with normal DCs, the cell morphology of colon carcinoma homogenate aupernatant group was in-hibited, and the cell number was decreased. Besides, the positive expression rate of DC surface markers de-creased (P ＜ 0.01). The capacity of mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and killing capacity of T cells de-creased(P ＜0.01). However, there was almost no difference between VEGF-A group and normal DCs on the cell morphology and cell number, and VEGF-A had no obvious inhibition on the expression of DCs sur-face markers (P ＞ 0.05). But VEGF-A group had significantly inhibitory effect on the MLR and T cells kill-ing. Conclusion The tumor microenvironment simulated by the colon carcinoma homogenate supernatant obviously has inhibitory effect on the differentiation and function of DCs, and VEGF-A has the inhibitory effect on DC function, but the inhibitory effect is not through the inhibition of the expression of DC costimu-lators.

Picrotoxin is an anatagninst of gamma-aminobutyric acid, which is an internal inhibition-transmitter in the central nervous system, Picrotoxin exerts a biphasic action on the blood pressure and heart rate in rats and cats in vivo. That is to say, in the initial stage, picrotoxin can lower the blood pressure and heart rate, and then an elevation of these two even above the original level can be observed, up to the present, from the authors limited literature, there has been no report dealing with the problem whether picrotoxin can act on an isolated heart directly.In this study, the heart of a frog was isolated and routine intubation of the heart was done for its perfusion. Physiological polyconduction instrument was inserted through a mechanical transducer to record the heart rale and myocardial contractility. A suspending glass microelectrode coupling with a microamplifier is used to record the action potential of the ventricular myocardium. Real time analysis of all the data was accomplished with a microcomputer. The dosages of picrotoxin used were 1,5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 mg per kilogram of body weight.It was found that picrotcxin can directly act on the isolated frog heart. The results were as follows.1 ) Picrotoxin exerts inhibition on the special conduction system of the heart,and the A-V node and venous sinus are very sensitive. Complete or partial transmission block can be induced.2 ) It can elicit clearly a fall of the heart rate but no biphasic action can berevealed. 3) It can reduce the myocardial contractility, suggesting that the calciuminflow during the functioning period of the action potential is effected. 4 ) It can reduce the amplitude of the action potential but no effect on themaximal depolarization speed is observed, suggesting that picrotoxin islikely to affect the level of resting potential but not the action potentialin the depolarized period.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection ( ESTD) for treatment of large gastric angle superficial neoplasms. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on data of 87 patients with superfical neoplasms in gastric angle, including 32 cases undergoing ESTD and 55 cases undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection ( ESD) in 6 institutions between July 2014 and July 2016. The dissection time, dissection speed, en bloc resection rate, curative resection rate, adverse events, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results The ESTD group showed a shorter dissection time ( 87. 3 ± 32. 6 min VS 136. 7 ± 64. 5 min, P<0. 01 ) , a higher dissection speed ( 0. 18 ± 0. 07 cm2/min VS 0. 08±0. 05 cm2/min, P<0. 01), a higher en bloc resection rate[100％ (32/32) VS 87. 3％ (48/55), P=0. 035], and a higher curative resection rate[100％ (32/32) VS 85. 5％ (47/55), P=0. 024] compared with the ESD group. The intraoperative bleeding rate[59. 4％ (19/32) VS 100. 0％( 55/55) , P<0. 01] and muscular injury rate[ 0 ( 0/32) VS 14. 5％ ( 8/55) , P=0. 024] were lower in the ESTD group than those of the ESD group. There was no statistical difference on recurrence rate between the two groups[0 (0/32) VS 1. 9％ (1/54), P=0. 443]. Conclusion ESTD has a higher dissection speed and greater security on treatment of large gastric angle superficial neoplasms, and is worthy to be generalized.

Objective To analyze the experience in diagnosis and surgical treatment for solid pseudopapillary neoplasm(SPN) of pancreas in children.Methods A retrospective study was performed in 12 pediatric patients with SPN who had been admitted to Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University during January 2004 to December 2016,and their general data,demographic data,types of operations,postoperative complications and follow-up were analyzed.Results Among the 12 patients,3 cases were male and 8 cases were female,with average age 14.3 years old (11-17 years old).The main clinical manifestations included abdominal pain(4/12 cases,33.3％),abdominal mass (2/12 cases,16.7％) and trauma(2/12 cases,16.7％).In those 12 patients,33.3％ (4/12 cases) SPN was located at the head of the pancreas,and 66.7％ (8/12 cases) at the body and tail of it.The tumors were usually large,the largest diameter ranged from 4.0 to 15.3 cm(average largest diameter,8.2 cm).The color uhrasonography indicated heterogeneous echogenic mass and clear boundary.CT scanning indicated that the tumor was a low-density cystic mass with a clear boundary,with enhanced tumor real component and irregular reinforcement.No calcification was found in the patients.Dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed gradual strengthening solid components in tumor.All the patients received surgical resection,with distal pancreatectomy in 4 patients,pancreaticoduodenectomy in 4 patients,spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy in 2 patients,Enucleation in 1 patient,and distal pancreatectomy and self-splenic slices transplantation in 1 patient.Lymphadenectomy was performed in 4 patients,and all the 21 removed lymph nodes were all negative.Pathological diagnosis confirmed the SPN in all the patients,among them 3 cases were malignant SPN,and one of them with tumor rupture and hemorrhage.The mean follow-up duration was 57.7 months(19-156 months) and no recurrence was found.Conclusion SPN is a rare neoplasm in children who go to see doctors because of clinical symptoms.Surgical resection,especially organs-preserving resection,may improve the long-term results.

Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; drug effects ; Small Molecule Libraries ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

Objective:To characterize the histopathological subtypes and their clinicopathological parameters of gender and onset age by common, rare and sparse primary esophageal malignant tumors (PEMT).Methods:A total of 272 437 patients with PEMT were enrolled in this study, and all of the patients were received radical surgery. The clinicopathological information of the patients was obtained from the database established by the State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment from September 1973 to December 2020, which included the clinical treatment, pathological diagnosis and follow-up information of esophagus and gastric cardia cancers. All patients were diagnosed and classified by the criteria of esophageal tumor histopathological diagnosis and classification (2019) of the World Health Organization (WHO). The esophageal tumors, which were not included in the WHO classification, were analyzed separately according to the postoperative pathological diagnosis. The χ 2 test was performed by the SPSS 25.0 software on count data, and the test standard α=0.05. Results:A total of 32 histopathological types were identified in the enrolled PEMT patients, of which 10 subtypes were not included in the WHO classification. According to the frequency, PEMT were divided into common (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, ESCC, accounting for 97.1%), rare (esophageal adenocarcinoma, EAC, accounting for 2.3%) and sparse (mainly esophageal small cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, etc., accounting for 0.6%). All the common, rare, and sparse types occurred predominantly in male patients, and the gender difference of rare type was most significant (EAC, male∶ female, 2.67∶1), followed with common type (ESCC, male∶ female, 1.78∶1) and sparse type (male∶ female, 1.71∶1). The common type (ESCC) mainly occurred in the middle thoracic segment (65.2%), while the rare type (EAC) mainly occurred in the lower thoracic segment (56.8%). Among the sparse type, malignant melanoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma were both predominantly located in the lower thoracic segment (51.7%, 66.7%), and the others were mainly in the middle thoracic segment.Conclusion:ESCC is the most common type among the 32 histopathological types of PEMT, followed by EAC as the rare type, and esophageal small cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma as the major sparse type, and all of which are mainly occur in male patients. The common type of ESCC mainly occur in the middle thoracic segment, while the rare type of EAC mainly in the lower thoracic segment. The mainly sparse type of malignant melanoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma predominately occur in the lower thoracic segment, and the remaining sparse types mainly occur in the middle thoracic segment.

The foveal avascular zone(FAZ)is the most sensitive region of the retina, which is interconnected by the macular capillary plexus. Its morphology can indirectly reflect the alterations of macular microcirculation. With strong repeatability and reliability, optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)can non-invasively visualize and quantify the FAZ. The great value of OCTA makes it an important supplemental examination tool in ophthalmology and other professions. The area and perimeter of FAZ have been demonstrated to be an effective clinical diagnostic indicator in high myopia, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and other ocular diseases. In recent years, the geometry of FAZ has also proven to have clinical value. The parameters describing the geometry of FAZ, such as circularity index, acircularity index and axial ratio, provide a new perspective for ocular disease research. The comprehensive investigation of the morphological characteristics of the FAZ is helpful to explore the pathological mechanism of the occurrence and development of ocular diseases, predict preclinical changes, make pathological stages of the disease precise, and provide a theoretical basis for monitoring the disease's progression and assessing patients' visual prognosis.

Objective: To establish a real-time fluorescence recombinase acid amplification (RAA) method for the detection of adenovirus type 3(HAdV-3)without extraction nucleic acid. Methods: According to the conserved sequence of adenovirus type 3 gene, a pair of primers and a probe were designed, and a real-time fluorescence RAA without extracting nucleic acid was established and optimizing the condition of DNA-free extraction. The sensitivity of the method was analyzed by a series of dilution and the specificity of the method was evaluated by detecting the original samples of other respiratory viruses. The clinical samples of HAdV-3 were detected and compared with the traditional real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method for nucleic acid extraction. Results: The sensitivity of the real-time fluorescence RAA method was as high as that of qPCR in the detection of 10 series diluted HAdV-3 strains. The highest corresponding CT value of qPCR was 36.87. The sensitivity of the real-time fluorescence RAA method was similar to that of the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method . There was no cross-reaction to other common types of respiratory viruses. The two method were used to detect 56 clinical samples at the same time, and the result were completely consistent. Conclusions We provide the first report of the real-time fluorescent RAA assays for the detection of HAdV-3 without extracting nucleic acid and it has high sensitivity and specificity. Is suitable for rapid detection of HAdV-3 in clinical laboratories and on-site unite.